Kreutzer 42 Etudes ou caprices No.1 克羅采 練習曲 隨想曲 第1號 クレゼール 奇想曲 第1番 Score Sheet 譜 乐谱 Partitura 【Kero】

【Kero】 Score Sheet 譜 樂譜 谱 乐谱 Partitura 楽譜付き
Kreutzer 42 études ou caprices No.1
克羅采 42首 練習曲 及 隨想曲 第1號
克罗采 42首 练习曲 及 随想曲 第1号
クレゼール 42の 奇想曲 もしくは 練習曲 第1番
Violin ヴァイオリン violín 小提琴
Classical music Música clásica クラッシック 古典音樂 古典音乐
#Kreutzer #Etude #Caprice

42首練習曲及隨想曲 是法國小提琴家兼作曲家克羅采的作品，創作於1796年，一直以來都被廣納作為學習小提琴的必備教材，也是作曲家最為人熟識的作品，相比之下，他所創作的19首小提琴協奏曲或室內樂作品的知名度遠不及此。
最初出版時，只收錄40首作品，第13及第25首並沒有包括在內，由於部份其他早期版本有收錄此兩曲，後來在1889年的版本時，正式把這兩首都收入其中，令數目增至42首。作品涵蓋了小提琴種種的演奏技巧，包括弓法、指法、把位、雙音練習等，其中第1至23首、第25-31首隻涉及單音旋律（第25及26首有雙音終結式），第24首及由第32首起則加入雙音練習。

The 42 études ou caprices ("42 études or capriccios") for solo violin were composed by Rodolphe Kreutzer around 1796. While Kreutzer was a prolific composer with some 50 stage works and dozens of other pieces to his credit, he is best known as a pedagogue. Together with Pierre Baillot and Pierre Rode, he was at the center of the development of the French school of violin playing around the turn of the 19th century, which defined much of the 19th-century (and hence the modern) approach to playing the violin.
The 42 études have remained a core part of the teaching repertoire since their publication, and are today perhaps the most common set of studies for intermediate and advanced students of the violin. They were written to demonstrate the possibilities of the Tourte bow, which was then innovative but has since been universally adopted, meaning Kreutzer's studies are highly applicable to the development of modern bowing technique. Another of Kreutzer's important didactic goals was developing fluency in contraction and extension of the left hand, which is also crucial to modern students of the violin.
The earliest extant edition of the collection, from 1807, comprises 40 pieces. Kreutzer's authorship is broadly accepted for two other études, nos. 13 and 25, that were included in some early editions. The etudes broadly form a logical pedagogic progression, though the relatively difficult Etude No. 1 appears out of place, perhaps placed at the beginning for publication to make the studies look more challenging at first glance. It is generally considered that the correct place to start is with Etude No. 2, which is the simplest study, and some editions re-order the pieces to correct this.