Offenbach Ba-ta-clan Overture奧芬巴哈 序曲オッフェンバック Score Sheet 譜 樂譜 谱 乐谱 Partitura 楽譜付き 【Kero】

【Kero】 Score Sheet 譜 樂譜 谱 乐谱 Partitura 楽譜付き 
Offenbach Ba-ta-clan Overture
奧芬巴哈 序曲
オッフェンバック
Classical music Música clásica クラッシック 古典音樂 古典音乐
#kero #offenbach #overture
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_**Ba-ta-clan**_ is a "chinoiserie musicale" (or operetta) in one act with music by Jacques Offenbach to an original French libretto by Ludovic Halévy. It was first performed at the Théâtre des Bouffes Parisiens, Paris, on 29 December 1855. The operetta uses set numbers and spoken dialogue and runs for under an hour.

_Ba-ta-clan_ was Offenbach's first big success, and opened his new winter theatre, the Salle Choiseul. The witty piece satirised everything from contemporary politics to grand opera conventions. It was frequently revived in Paris, London and New York for decades, and Offenbach eventually expanded it as a full-length piece with a cast of eleven. Offenbach's early operettas were small-scale one-act works, since the law in France limited the licence for musical theatre works (other than most operas) to one-act pieces with no more than three singers and, perhaps, some mute characters. In 1858, this law was changed, and Offenbach was able to offer full-length works, beginning with _Orpheus in the Underworld_.

In 1864, a music-hall called Bataclan opened in Paris, named after the operetta, and is still functioning today.

_Ba-ta-clan_ was first performed in England on 20 May 1857 at St James's Theatre during Offenbach's second visit to London, arranged by his father-in-law John Mitchell, when the composer brought the Bouffes company including orchestra and offered 19 different pieces, 11 by him. In 1867 the work was produced on a triple bill at St George's Opera House in London (as _Ching-Chow-Hi_) alongside _La Chatte métamorphosée en femme_ (as _Puss in Petticoats_) and the premiere of Sullivan's _The Contrabandista_.

While the historical butt of the satire, Napoléon III, has passed, the situation mocked is timeless, the emperor Fé-ni-han being able to represent any great ruler on earth. Three years after the coup that replaced the Republic with the Empire and as France celebrated a victory in Crimea, the fake Chinese poke fun at the chauvinism of the time; in Second French Empire France, everything is under state surveillance, little different from the imaginary China depicted on stage. Kracauer summed up the target of the piece as; "Power is a joke and court life mere mummery".