Lecture 32

Namaskar, so in the last lecture, we saw about some folds, but now let us see in more detail what are the different types of folds, what are the parts of it and on what basis we classify it. So, if we look at the parts of the folds, then mainly if we see, then one important part comes, which is your depth, in which direction these strata are dipping, and the second is that what is its axial plane, so the axial plane is again an imaginary line and the second we say what is the hinge line, so we see all this about it. So, this is usually seen that if you have an evenly folded bed and it gives a symmetric pattern in terms of depth, so suppose if we have a layer that is folded like this and we say that this is our axial plane, because we will divide it from the middle, so based on depth we have, if the depth is in this direction, one is the depth of yours and the other direction is this of your depth, and what is the amount of it, the amount of angle with respect to horizontal, so if these two angles are same, so this is also theta, this is also theta, or suppose this is 30 degrees and this is also 30 degrees, so we will call this as a symmetrical fold, and the axial plane of this will pass from its center. So, this is a symmetrical fold, so this is a symmetrical fold, so this is a symmetrical fold, so this is a symmetrical fold, so this is a symmetrical fold, so this is a symmetrical fold, so this is a symmetrical fold, so this is a symmetrical fold. So, this is a symmetrical fold, so this is a symmetrical fold, so this is a symmetrical fold, so this is a symmetrical fold, so this is a symmetrical fold, so this is a symmetrical fold, so this is a symmetrical fold, so this is a symmetrical fold. So, based on the fold parts, hinge line is the line which is joining the point of maximum curvature. So, here it is shown that these points are the points of maximum curvature and by connecting it, we can draw the hinge line. So, here this is the anticline and this is the sincline, how do we classify it, we will see later. So, this is your anticline, which is coming upwards and the depression which is coming downwards is your sincline and this part is the hinge line. And as I said that the point of maximum curvature is your hinge point and the imaginary line which will be drawn by connecting the line will be your hinge line. But the hinge line is not necessary that it will be straight. Suppose, this is your fold like this, so it is not necessary that the hinge line will be like this, the fold can be in nature, it can be bend like this. So, your hinge points will vary in terms of the strike. So, the hinge plane can be curved, you have to keep this in mind. Here we will see that the axial plane is like this, but it can be curved in nature. 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So, folded stratas, this two type of folds are most often found in adjacent to one another. So, this is the axis, this is the axis, this is the axis, this is the axis, this is the axis, this is the axis, this is the axis, this is the axis, this is the axis, this is the axis. So, this is an axis, this is an axis and this is an axis, this is the axis, this is an axis So, you can see that this is an anti-cline and this is an associated sincline, this is an anti-cline and this is an associated sincline, this is an anti-cline and this is an associated sincline. So, you can see that this is an anti-cline and this is an associated sincline, this is an anti-cline and this is an associated sincline. So, you can see that this is an associated sincline and this is an associated sincline. So, you can say that this discrepancy is the greatest difficulty that we have overcome in Manipeb Sch rings, when we can do very simple machining. So, this is how we are going to do it, and then we will go ahead from here as well. So, there is a break in between here, so we will keep that in mind as well, and we will talk about it as well. So, we have come up to here, and then we are picking the prominent one, and then we will see what it makes. So, here too, it came like this, and went here. So, first of all, we will make an outline of it, and then we will try to understand it. Here too, there are some lines like this, and here, it is almost, its bed has become vertical. So, now, in this, first of all, we will try to put its axial plane. So, the axial plane of this will be somewhere here. So, we are taking it out from the center, so it will be here. In this, we are not able to understand anything, because here, it is breaking here. These layers are breaking here. So, this one, and here, this whitish layer is moving here somewhere. This is it, and it seems that the axial plane will be here. So, now, we will try to understand it.