Apakah Bumi Berongga? Mari Pahami Sejenak Keberadaan Dunia di Dalam Perut Bumi yang dilegendakan
Dalam buku pelajaran fisika sekolah menengah, kita tahu dengan komposisi kerak bumi. Bagian tengah bumi dibagi menjadi tiga lapisan: kerak, mantel, dan inti bumi. Volume kerak bumi menempati 0,5% dari total volume bumi, yang merupakan lapisan tanah padat dan batuan yang disebut lapisan litosfer. Ketebalan mantel bumi berada di kedalaman 40 hingga 3.000 kilometer di bawah permukaan bumi, menduduki 83,3% dari total volume bumi, dengan suhu mencapai 1.000 hingga 2000 derajat celcius.
Inti bagian dalam bumi berbentuk bola metal yang memiliki radius 1.220 kilometer atau sekitar tiga per empat ukuran bulan. Inti bagian dalam terletak di dalam bumi pada kedalaman 2.900 - 5.149 kilometer di bawah permukaan bumi. Suhu di inti bagian dalam bumi berkisar 4.300-5.400 derajat Celcius. Suhu ini hampir sepanas suhu permukaan matahari..
Berdasarkan materi penyusunnya, mantel Bumi dikategorikan menjadi dua, yaitu mantel luar dan mantel dalam. Mantel luar lebih tipis dari mantel dalam dan berada sekitar 10 sampai 300 kilometer di bawah permukaan Bumi.
Temperaturnya berada pada rentang 1.400 hingga 3.000 Kelvin, sehingga logam-logam di dalamnya sudah mengeras. Sementara itu, mantel dalam berada pada kedalaman 300 sampai 2.890 kilometer di bawah permukaan Bumi. Suhunya dapat mencapai 3.000 derajat Kelvin, karenanya mantel dalam tersusun atas logam cair.
#Pencerahan
#Misteri
#MataKetiga
In science, is the earth round?
In the middle school physics textbook,
we know by the composition of the earth's crust.
The middle part of the earth is divided into three layers,
the crust, the mantle, and the earth's core.
The volume of the earth's crust occupies 0.5% of the total volume of the earth,
which is a layer of solid earth and rocks called the lithosphere layer.
The earth's crust is 40,000 to 3,000 km deep below the surface of the earth,
occupying 83.3% of the total volume of the earth
with a temperature of 1,000 to 2,000 degrees Celsius.
The core of the inner part of the earth is a metal ball
with a radius of 1,220 km or about 3 times the size of the moon.
The core of the inner part is located inside the earth
at a depth of 2,900 to 5,149 km below the surface of the earth.
The temperature at the core of the inner part of the earth is around 4,300 to 5,400 degrees Celsius.
This temperature is almost as hot as the surface temperature of the sun.
Based on the arrangement material,
the earth's crust is categorized into two,
namely the outer crust and the inner crust.
The outer crust is thinner than the inner crust
and is about 10 to 300 km below the surface of the earth.
The temperature is around 1,400 to 3,000 Kelvin,
so the metals inside have hardened.
Meanwhile, the inner crust is at a depth of 300 to 2,890 km below the surface of the earth.
The temperature can reach 3,000 degrees Kelvin
because the inner crust is arranged on a liquid metal.
The upper crust layer is semi-liquid magma
and the lower crust layer is dense.
The crust and inner crust are mainly made of silica stone.
The core is divided into the outer core and the inner core.
The outer core has a thickness of 2,900 km to 5,149 km and is liquid-shaped.
The inner core is dense.
The earth's core consists of iron, nickel, sulfur, carbon, oxygen, silicon, and potassium.
The temperature in the inner core reaches 5,000 to 6,000 degrees Celsius.
The pressure is very strong so that the inner core is dense.
From the contents above, we have not yet seen that the earth is round.
However, there has been a theory about the round earth
and it has been observed for thousands of years.
The round earth is a concept that states
that the entire planet of the earth is round or has a space inside.
From its history, this theory can be traced back to ancient times.
In ancient Greek mythology, it is said that the demon humans were buried under the ground
because they did not obey King Daxios, the king of the gods.
The shock of their suffering caused the earthquake
and the existence of a volcano seems to further confirm
that the inside of the earth is a great fireball
surrounded by a fiery fire and easily burned.
But all this is just a legend and myth.
Although there has been great progress in science and technology
in the last few hundred years,
our knowledge of the center of the earth is just at the tip of the nail.
Until now, humans have only been able to drill more than 10 kilometers deep
still far to reach the center of the earth.
Then why did someone say the earth is round?
What is the reason?
Regarding this, we should be open-minded
in looking at the reasons for the scientific fiction or the following legend.
First, there is a vast ocean in the belly of the earth.
In 2014, an international research team led by Prof. Graham Pearson
from the University of Alberta, Canada,
spent a lot of time studying limestone
found by an artisan miner in Mato Grosso, Brazil in 2008.
A ring-wooded mineral was accidentally found in the earth's rocks.
This mineral is very valuable because no one has ever found a rock like that before.
The complete mineral content of the rocks excavated in Brazil
shows the presence of water in large quantities that are far in the belly of the earth.
They conducted research using Raman spectroscopy
and infrared and X-rays to make sure the mineral is really ring-wooded
which is a type of olivine mineral that forms most of the earth's mantle.
The results of the analysis show that the mineral content is about 1.5% of its total weight.
This discovery is in line with scientific theory
which states that there is a large amount of water content in the depths of 250 to 300 miles in the earth.
This sample proves that there is a wetland around that place far in the earth.
Pearson said,
the transition zone may contain water
that can cover the entire ocean on the face of the earth.
2.
In the early days of science,
some scientists tried hard to affirm their view that the earth is round.
In the 17th century,
a German philosopher once published a sensational book
in which he described the earth as a large net and a net eye,
that is, a hole that spreads wide on the surface.
In the 19th century,
the famous science fiction writer Francis Jules Verne published his famous book
A Journey to the Center of the Earth.
In the book,
he described in detail all his fantastic adventures in the center of the earth.
There are oceans, dinosaurs, and Homo Erectus.
This book explains that the geocentric hole is somewhere under a cold layer of ice.
This book was very popular at the time
so that many people assumed
that the inside of the earth is empty,
aka hollow,
and another mysterious world that has not been found.
The discussion of fiction works by Jules Verne will never end.
How not?
The results of his science fiction work,
this one seems to inspire modern scientists
to find various types of important discoveries in human civilization.
3.
Some modern scientists also think that the earth is hollow.
In 1909,
Robert Edwin Perry
1856-1920
an American explorer claimed to have led the first expedition
to reach the North Pole.
Perry's claims are widely praised throughout the 20th century,
although he was criticized even during his expedition.
In 1956,
Admiral Richard Byrd claimed to have found a giant cave
when crossing the North Pole with his fighter jet.
He said he flew his plane and roamed around the cave for quite a long time.
Underneath it was not at all the world of ice and snow,
but the world of centaurs surrounded by green grass
and advanced civilization like on the surface of the earth.
In addition, Byrd also told that he saw ants walking below.
There were even birds flying near him as he greeted him,
and that was his first contact with humans.
So far, it looks a bit fantastic.
Recently, another American major also found an oasis near the South Pole
because the layer of Antarctic ice is very thick,
even up to 2,000 meters thick,
so it cannot help form an oasis as wide as 480 km in diameter
and only depends on the mountains below the ground.
Therefore, many believe that in some place in the oasis
there may be a geocentric entrance or center of the earth.
This entrance is what provides a lot of heat energy.
These people without exception say
that the so-called geocentric portal is in Antarctica.
It seems that the glacial geocentric portal
from the book by Julius Verne can be widely accepted.
4. According to British mythology,
that in the history of Britain in the 12th century,
it is told about a boy and a girl
who suddenly appeared in a village in England.
They wore clothes made of foreign materials
that had never been seen by people at the time.
In addition, they also spoke in a language that was not the same.
At first glance, they looked lost.
The locals saw them as if they were hungry,
then brought food and were adopted by the locals.
Later, the boy died of illness,
while the girl survived.
After a few years of studying,
he could already speak in English.
He told that they came from a place in the center of the earth
and got lost in a cave when it was thundering
and then came out in the dark for a long time.
This is the beginning of the story above.
The girl even said
that she had never seen the sun before.
5. Modern scientists have also found
what is called the entrance door to the center of the earth.
In 1992, more than 20 years ago,
a team of cave researchers in Switzerland and South Africa
found a mysterious cave
without a base in Namibia, Africa.
Finally, this is no longer a geographical puzzle.
The hole with the depth as if without a base
is located at the foot of a thick mountain
in the middle of the northern mountains of Namibia.
To get more information,
the researchers entered the cave.
In the process of entering the cave,
it takes a long time to reach the base of the cave
and finally reach the surface of the water
after going down 120 meters deep.
And it was not expected.
Here, the team found a vast swamp
and the depth of the water was unknown.
To find out the depth of the water,
the team asked the divers to enter the water
to find the base.
After diving more than 100 meters,
they did not find the base either.
Because the depth of the water is more than 100 meters,
the pressure is very high.
So for safety,
the divers do not want to stop exploring
and climb to the surface.
But how deep is this cave?
Is that what is called the entrance door to the center of the earth?
Of course, there is still another possibility.
These researchers or explorers
did not find the entrance door to the center of the earth
and the earth is not hollow.
But these legends have been downloaded
as a casual conversation
while enjoying tea.
That's all for our topic today.
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Thank you for your attention
and see you in the next episode.
Bye-bye.