Минало предварително време - Български език 6 клас | academico

Hello! This lesson is on the topic of the past tense. In this lesson, we will continue to look at the features of the past tense as we prepare for another of its subtypes, the past tense. With this past tense, actions or events that have happened before another past moment are expressed. Similar to the past indefinite tense, the past tense shows some result of the past action that occurred in the past tense. For example, in the sentence When the police arrived, the criminal had already fled. We have two actions. Arrived and fled. Both happened in the past moment and ended at the moment of the conversation. One of them, however, precedes the other. This is the action of the criminal. He had fled. From the sentence, it is understood that he disappeared before the police arrived, so his action was expressed with the past tense, and that of the police with the past tense. In this way, we have a result that occurred at a certain moment in the past. As we can see, at that time, similar to the past indefinite, a combination of at least two words was formed. These words are again the verb am, conjugated in the corresponding face and number, and the past perfect active participation. The only difference is that for the past tense, the verb am should be in the past tense. Thus, in the sentence we looked at, we find the statement He had fled, which is made up of the verb am, in the past tense, was, and the form of the past perfect active participation. Let's look at the other forms of the verb in the past tense. For the singular, they will be In the first person I had fled, she fled. In the second person He had fled, she fled. For the third person She had fled, he had fled. Accordingly, for the plural, the forms are In the first person We had fled You had fled They had fled. When forming this tense, it is easy to note that for the second and third person singular, the verb am is the same. It was. Sometimes, especially in artistic works, we can meet this form in a shortened form. Be He had fled. As we already understood, when we use the past tense, we go relatively back in time. Therefore, it is suitable for cases in which actions or states used as a background of the main time in the text are presented. Let's see how this happens in the next excerpt from the story Braids by Elin Pelin Lazo, a dry, weak boy, was stuck to the fire and picked up the dogs. The others, enraged and sad, were lying around the fire, tired, watching the game of the flame, and were silent. The oldest of them, a 50-year-old man, was stuck to the fire, his head on the iron, his hand naked, dark shiny like iron, and he was smoking like a dream. Here we find the forms He was stuck They were lying He was stuck As they happened before the main past actions He was stuck They were watching They were silent He was smoking They serve as a background In this way, the forms in the past tense reveal the events that contributed to the execution of the other actions. A typical use of the past tense is when we have a sequence of recurring or long-term actions. For example, in the phrase Last autumn, the karate team won the gold medal in the tournament, because all summer the competitors were training and mastering all the necessary knowledge and techniques. We have two verbs in the past tense They were training And they were mastering Which underlines the permanence and duration of these actions, leading to the final result. In addition to similar cases, the past tense is often used when we want to express honesty or to remind something. For example, when we talk to a stranger, we can express ourselves like this Lady, I remember that you were reading this book. Or Sir, you had already seen this hall, right? In these cases, it is important to remember that regardless of whether we address a man or a woman or many people, the past active participation is always in the plural. Accordingly, when we try to remember something or to make someone else remember, we also use the past tense. For example Did you go to this lesson? Or I can't remember who drew this picture. With these examples, we can summarize the overview of what we have seen in this lesson past past tense. It is important to remember that it is used to express the actions and states that happened and turned into a result before another basic past moment. It is formed through the combination of the verb I am in the past tense and the past active participation, and also the present tense, as in parts of literary works, as in the spoken word. If you like to learn with Academico, subscribe to the channel and watch more video lessons!