世界上最大的岩刻壁畫 義大利瓦爾卡莫尼卡山谷岩畫

Petroglyphs in Valcamonica Valley. We can see a lot by visiting Valcamonica, the place par excellence in Italy to admire the cave paintings. In fact, we can immediately say that more than paintings, it is instead of engravings or technically, we speak of petroglyphs or even simply graffiti. The landscapes in the surroundings are unmissable, natural and archaeological parks and reserves. We find ourselves in a valley immersed in the charm of time before time,inhabited and cared for by an archaic,simple prehistoric people, who however,have left us tangible signs of art and beauty. Of the signs precisely that UNESCO in 1979 recognized as a world heritage site, all to live,know,preserve,protect and admire. The ancient engravings of the valley. Obviously,we are in Valcamonica in Lombardy, a region of northern Italy, in the easternmost area in the provinces of the city of Brescia. The area more precisely corresponds to about 24 municipalities, which have the task of guarding an enormous wealth that has crossed the millennia up to us. The first traces of civilization visible in this area date back to the Copper Age, over 13,000 years ago, when after a great glaciation, the valley immersed in the Alps was permanently inhabited by a population of uncertain origin. The Comuni. These people have left more than 30,000 rock engravings, especially in the period around 8,000 years ago, when they entered the so-called Iron Age and men had learned to forge metals to use them both for hunting and for building tools more resistant over time. These traces give us remarkable indications about life at the origins of humanity and represent one of the most concrete testimonies of prehistory in Italy. Valcamonica, the map of the sites of the prehistory. The Comunica Valley is a complex set of wonders. In those territories, there are eight parks of prehistoric archaeology equipped for visits and a system of ten archaeological and ethnographic museums scattered in as many municipalities. To this beauty is united that one of various medieval suburbs like Beno, Lover, Pescarzo of wonderful castles like that one of Breno, sanctuaries, churches and telthermal localities like Borio or Angoloterm. In all these places, it is immediately visible the great cultural heritage that from prehistory becomes our contemporary. In order to visit them, all it is necessary to go up again toward north taking as referenced the Lake of Isio. Doing so, we meet first the park of supermunicipal interest of Lago Moro, Luinghi Monticolo in the municipality of Borioterm, where there are two sites of great interest, Parco de Luinghi and Parco di Cornifreschi. Proceeding northwards, we meet the archaeological park of Asinito and Voya in the municipality of Asimo where it is possible to walk inside a luxuriant nature and among the chestnut trees looking for prehistoric engravings and graffiti. In the park, there are also small stems of white stone on which are visible the ancient signs. Also at the natural reserve rock engravings of Sito, Simburgo and Pasparto, it is possible to make incredible walks, enjoying the immense green of Valcamonica. The paths here are marked in detail. The vidactic communication is well present and is able to tell by merging together rock art, ethnography and human archaeology. The national park of rock engravings of Naquem was one of the first sites to be discovered and the first of these to be inscribed in the UNESCO heritage. In this location are the oldest engravings dating back over 13,000 years ago, a magical place absolutely to know. A smaller park but not less interesting is the National Archaeological Park of the Masi de Semo where the traces of the Comonica civilization are present close to the mountains. Not far from this there is the Archaeological Park of Siridina Bedellina where you can enjoy exceptional mountain views venturing between these ancient ways. The quality of the signs here is incredible and the first images of the domestication of the horse are also visible. The path of the Municipal Archaeological Mining Park of Salero has rock engravings that are among the most recent compared to those found in the nearby archaeological areas. A walk a little more challenging than the others is the multipath of the Corinth Delphate. The path is wilder and has less signage than the others but the area arouses the same great interest and the same immense emotions. Epipaleolithic The earliest rock carvings date back to Epipaleolithic or Mesolithic, Proto-Communion 8-6 millennium BC several millennia after the retreat of the glacier that covered the Val Camonica worm glaciation. Those carvings were the work of passing nomadic hunters following the migrations of their prey. The figures represented in fact depict large animals such as deer and elk which are the typical prey of that period. The drawings also describe animals wounded with spears. This kind of rock art can be typical for hunters' gatherers and associated with blades and microlites industry. Similar representations are present in the stone carvings of Loon Municipal Park. Neolithic During the Neolithic period the 5th to 1st centuries of the 4th millennium BC Agricultural practices spread in Val Camonica correlated with the formation of the first sedentary settlements. In the field of rock art human figures and sets of geometric elements such as rectangles, circles and dots constitute the main elements of the compositions and complete the symbolic meaning of the anthropomorphical petroglyphs. Similar carvings are present in the regional reserve of rock engravings of Cedo Cimbergo and Pasparto. The pertaining to the Neolithic of the schematic anthropomorphic figures so-called Orante preying figures is questioned as some scholars refer them to the Bronze Age. According to this interpretation the only set of figures pertaining to the Neolithic or to a Neolithic-first Copper Age phase 4th mill. BC is constituted by the geometric patterns which are interpreted as topographic representation of a cultivated and ploughed land. During this period domesticated animals are encountered such as dogs, goats and bulls. Till the end of the Communion II period objects of worshipping became wider. Particularly the dog, the first domesticated animal started to be worshipped. Discovery and evaluation. The first documented report of the engraved stones dates back to 1909 when Walter Lung pointed out to the National Committee for the protection of monuments to boulders decorated around Semo, Capodipont. Only in the 1920s, however, to the rocks piqued the interest of scholars including Giuseppe Bonifini, geologist Senefant Squinibald and since 1929, Turinese anthropologist Giovanni Moro and Florentine archaeologist Paolo Graziosi. Soon numerous engravings were also discovered on the surrounding rocks and research was conducted not only by Moro but also by Rafael Batavia.