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The Pentagon is studying UFOs and I wanted to understand why. What I learned convinced me that we can learn a lot from studying these things.
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- about - Johnny Harris is an Emmy-winning journalist. He currently is based in Washington, DC, reporting on interesting trends and stories domestically and around the globe. Johnny's visual style blends motion graphics with cinematic videography to create content that explains complex issues in relatable ways.
It's November 14th, 2004,
about 100 miles off the coast of San Diego, California.
The USS Nimitz,
one of the U.S. Navy's largest aircraft carriers,
is preparing for deployment to the Persian Gulf.
But the radar technicians aboard notice something weird.
The military report from that day says
that they notice, quote,
multiple objects descending from around 60,000 feet
down to 50 feet in a matter of seconds.
60,000 feet, a reminder that commercial airplanes
fly at like 36,000 feet.
The report goes on to say that these objects, quote,
hover for a short time and depart at super high velocities
with, quote,
At first, these radar techs thought
that their fancy new radar system was messed up,
so they recalibrated the radar.
But the signal remained.
Something was up here.
They're telling us they have a contact on their radar.
They don't know what it is.
They just have a blip.
Well, they've been watching these things,
and what he told me is they had been looking
at these things as we're driving.
I said, sir, we've been tracking these things
for about two weeks.
We had been at sea for two weeks.
He goes, this is the first time we've had planes airborne.
We want you to go see what these are.
So they sent out two F-A-18s to investigate.
The report from that day describes a day of blue skies,
no clouds, and unlimited visibility.
These two Navy pilots arrive to the scene,
each with a weapons officer in the back.
They look around and notice something strange
in the water below.
So as we're looking down off the right side,
the back seater in the other airplane, Jim,
he says, hey, skipper, do you?
And that's about what he gets out of his mouth.
And I go, what the hell is that?
It looks as if some cross-shaped object
the size of a massive airplane is submerged
right underneath the surface of the water.
And above it, it appears to be boiling.
And just above the boiling water, an object is hovering.
And we saw this little, white, tic-tac-looking object,
and it's just kind of moving above the whitewater area.
Like, no predictable movement,
no predictable trajectory.
Yeah.
It was just...
It was just like a ping-pong ball.
No acceleration.
Very, very random.
Acceleration.
The Navy report describes this object as, quote,
an elongated egg, or a tic-tac,
that was uniformly white across the entire body.
It was approximately 46 feet in length.
One of the pilots, with his weapons officer in the back,
wanted to get a closer look.
So then I go, hey, I'm gonna go check it out.
So he turns his jet down towards the object.
The other pilot's staying back to get a wider view.
So I'm coming down, and as I get to 12 o'clock,
as the tic-tac's doing this,
it literally, it's like it's aware of us,
and it just goes, bloop,
and it kind of points out towards the west
and starts coming up.
So now it obviously knows that we're there.
Whatever this thing is, it knows that we're there.
So I'm kind of almost coming out co-altitude
as this thing's coming out.
I'm gonna meet it.
And it just, as it crosses our nose,
it just, it accelerates, and literally,
in less than, you know, probably less than a half second,
it just goes, and it's gone.
And you saw no visible propulsion,
no wings or anything to make it fly in our atmosphere?
As these two pilots are heading back
to their aircraft carrier,
they get a radio call from one of their radar techs.
I mean, he's like, hey, sir, you're not gonna believe this,
but that thing is at your cap.
It showed back up.
It just popped up.
You know, this is like 60 miles away.
It just reappears.
Within seconds, 60 miles away, just like that.
By the time they get back to the Nimitz,
the object is gone.
So they gear up and get ready
to send another jet out to investigate.
And this time, they make sure
that an infrared camera is strapped to the bottom.
With the camera recording, they found the Tic Tac again.
Okay, so now we're looking at real data,
real evidence that we can analyze,
get us away from relying on someone else's memory.
What you're seeing is an object
that is somehow flying through the sky.
These infrared cameras will usually show
a heat signature of exhaust or some kind of energy
that shows how an aircraft is being propelled, something.
But here there's nothing.
And yet suddenly this object,
in the blink of an eye, blasts away.
And to be clear, we just showed you the raw clip.
We didn't edit this in any way.
This was back in 2004, but no one knew about it
and likely never would until it was leaked in 2007
on a fringe UFO website called Above Top Secret.
It honestly looked like some kind of BS
conspiracy UFO stuff, totally disregarded.
But 10 years later, the Pentagon confirmed
that actually it's totally legit.
This is authentic Navy footage
recorded by some of the best pilots on Earth
showing an unidentified flying object.
The New York Times would go into report
on this pretty deeply and reveal that this video,
as well as the firsthand accounts
by people who saw this object,
would lead the Pentagon to create a secret program
to study what's happening here.
And not just this encounter, but dozens of others,
something the public wouldn't hear about until recently.
And that's what this video is about.
U.S. military officials have gone before a Congress hearing
releasing once classified videos from private helicopters.
144 unexplained sightings.
Wait, pause.
Pause, yes, I know some of you are asking,
am I actually doing this?
Yes, I'm actually doing this.
We're doing a deep dive on UFOs.
And no, it's not some bait and switch storytelling device
where I try to trick you into believing me
and then tell you to not believe everything you see.
I'm actually doing this.
I'm applying my journalistic lens
to a topic that, in my opinion,
has been thoroughly bastardized and sensationalized
by the likes of the History Channel,
UFO fanatics, and Hollywood.
I wanna do the opposite of all of that.
I wanna actually evaluate the facts
because, honestly,
there are some really compelling facts here.
So this is not Roswell.
It's not aliens landing at a school in Zimbabwe.
It's not Bob Lazar claiming
that he worked on UFO tech back in the 70s.
I'm not touching any of that stuff.
Maybe if this video does well,
I will open up those cans of worms.
Today, all I'm looking at
are the hundreds of evidence-based sightings
of stuff flying around in the air
that the U.S. military has observed
but has concluded they don't know what it is.
That's it.
Let's do this.
Oh, and by the way,
next week's video is live right now over on Nebula.
You can watch it ad-free right this minute
if you go sign up for Nebula.
Link in the description.
No code necessary.
Okay, let's get back to it.
In many ways, the 2004 Tic Tac event
is the starting point for a new era of UFO investigations.
And again, big props to the New York Times
for breaking the news
that the Pentagon had been investigating UFOs in secret
since at least 2007.
It was a program that Harry Reid,
a Democratic senator from Nevada,
had personally been asking for.
Big alien guy, that Harry Reid, huh?
The Times reporting also revealed
that there were other videos.
In 2014, a Navy jet was chasing a fleet of strange objects
on the east coast of the United States.
I mean, listen to this radio chatter.
There's a whole fleet of them, look on the east.
The next year, in the same area,
a Navy pilot captured a small round object
traveling at what looks like very high speeds over the water.
In 2019, some Navy sailors were on board this destroyer.
When they pointed a camera through their night vision goggles
and captured this video.
On March 4th, 2019, a weapons officer
sitting in the back of a fighter jet
captured these pictures of a, quote, metallic blimp,
a sphere, and an acorn.
And then there was this incident in 2021
where a Navy pilot was filming out his window with a phone
and caught this.
Yeah, you probably missed it.
Let's just slow that down.
This.
Like, what is this thing?
These videos and images were shot by Navy pilots
who were on duty and have confirmed to be authentic
by the United States government.
And these are just a few of hundreds of sightings
under investigation by the Navy,
many of which remained classified for,
we all know what I'm gonna say, national security reasons.
Not undermining it, I'm just saying like,
ugh, it's just like the catch-all for all things
that I want to know.
Got a little out of control there.
As more and more of these unidentified flying objects
were being reported and talked about in the public,
the Department of Defense finally assembled
an official Unidentified Aerial Phenomenon Task Force.
UAPs is what the government now calls UFOs
because UFOs, you know, again,
has been completely tainted by this stuff.
A UFO sighting over multiple cities.
I don't know what the hell it is.
An extraterrestrial event
that changed the course of history.
And an alien abduction
witnessed by no less than six people.
I mean, you read through these reports
and you can start to see
why the government wants to study this stuff.
And no, it's not just because Harry Reid
is like into aliens or whatever.
The government says it itself
that it's interested in this because of national security.
Who's flying around in our airspace
without our authorization?
And why are they behaving in weird ways
that we don't understand?
But they also mentioned the safety of their pilots
and their very expensive hardware.
This new committee has been coming out with reports
and they state very clearly why they're doing this.
First, the Pentagon is worried
that these UAPs may be, quote,
part of a foreign collection program
or indicative of a major technological advancement
by a potential adversary.
Counterintelligence.
Quote, UAP pose a hazard to safety of flight
and could pose a broader danger
if some instances represent sophisticated collection
against United States military activities
by foreign governments or, crucially,
demonstrate a breakthrough aerospace technology
by a potential adversary.
Translation, we don't really know what these things are
and that kind of scares us.
Oh, and safety.
When do you start getting a thought
that like, what the fuck is this thing?
So that happened when we visually saw one.
There were two aircraft from my squadron, VFA-11,
and they flew, took off as a flight of two.
That means they're essentially flying
in a formation like this.
And as they hit the area,
one of these objects went right between the aircraft.
We have a very strict system
for controlling who is flying in our airspace
to make sure that things don't run into each other
because random stuff flying around
could risk the lives of the pilots
and these $67 million weapons.
So when something like this happens, it's a huge deal.
They immediately abort whatever they're doing
and they return to their ship
to like discuss what the hell just happened.
And, you know, he was just sitting there saying,
hey, you know, I almost hit one of those damn things.
And we all knew what he was referring to,
even though we didn't necessarily have a name for it
just because we were seeing these so much.
And he described it, you know,
he described it just as a black or dark gray cube.
And that cube was inside of a clear, translucent sphere.
And essentially the apex or the corners of that cube,
best he could tell, were touching inside of that sphere.
Wait, hold on, did you catch that?
Not the weird cube inside of a translucent sphere,
whatever, we'll get to that later.
To me, what's actually more compelling
about what this guy just said is
because we were seeing these so much,
he is saying that these pilots have been seeing these things.
No, essentially all the time.
Wow, yeah.
Like, yeah, I get it.
The translucent cube thing is like more tantalizing,
but like the fact that these pilots report
seeing these UAPs, these UFOs all the time,
day after day, week after week,
that to me is more compelling evidence
that we need to evaluate here.
And like the 2004 Tic Tac case
that we talked about at the beginning.
This was happening because we upgraded our radar,
the best we could tell.
These Navy personnel at first
don't believe what they're seeing.
They think that their instruments are probably broken.
And then people started to try to fly by and see it.
At this point, you know,
I would say maybe 80 to 90% of our squadron
had probably seen one of these on the radar at this point.
Everyone was aware of it.
So according to some of these accounts,
you've got a bunch of Navy pilots
seeing weird stuff all the time,
both on radar, but also with their infrared cameras.
But are you gonna be the guy
who goes to your superior in the Navy and say like,
hey, I saw another UFO today.
You don't wanna be like the UFO crazy.
You're gonna get kicked out of the freaking like
most superior pilot corps in the world
because like you're seeing UFOs.
These pilots have talked about
how there's a real stigma with reporting this stuff.
So a lot of them just sort of keep quiet.
But it was when that near crash happened
that now these pilots are literally required
to file safety reports of what happened.
And this is where the Pentagon and lawmakers who fund them
were forced to take these UFOs more seriously.
We know that our service members
have encountered unidentified aerial phenomenon.
And because UAPs pose potential flight safety
and general security risks,
we are committed to a focused effort
to determine their origins.
This is where I start to get pretty excited
about the potential here.
Because look, this is like a real high up person
in our intel community in the military
who's talking about getting more data on this,
on studying it.
Keep going, Mr. Moultrie.
Our effort will include the thorough examination
of adversarial platforms
and potential breakthrough technologies,
US government or commercial platforms,
allied or partner systems,
and other natural phenomena.
Scientists, military leaders,
even some politicians are joining the crowd
of true believers with the US Navy Task Force called in.
So by 2020, this is now like becoming a thing.
And this is probably why you've heard about it recently.
This task force was formed
and it represents the first time since 1969
that the US government has officially,
or at least publicly,
acknowledged the significance of studying UFOs.
There is something there,
measurable by multiple instruments,
and yet it seems to move in directions
that are inconsistent with what we know of physics
or science more broadly.
And that to me poses questions of tremendous interest
and as well as potential national security significance.
Okay, wait, pause.
Just, yep, inconsistent with the laws of physics.
Yep, very tantalizing.
Let's just pause.
We're talking about UFOs here
and I feel obligated to just check in
and make sure we're all on the same page, okay?
First, we know it is a fact
that the US government has observed stuff in the air
that they can't explain.
The evidence that I've presented here is solid.
Solid sources, solid reporting.
If I had evidence like this for any other story
that I'm doing, I'd be like, this is solid evidence.
Let's put it in the story, okay?
We know that it's true.
Oh, and it's not just the few events
that I've mentioned here.
According to this report,
there's been 144 of these instances,
either from the US military or government personnel.
And 80 of these reports have been gathered
from quote, multiple sensors,
meaning from multiple perspectives.
Multiple perspectives or tools,
which is like a thousand times better
than like one pilot just saw something
and is remembering it.
Even if said pilot is someone
like Lieutenant Commander Alex Dietrich,
who when you read this profile
from the Washington Post on her,
seems to be a pragmatic, highly credible Navy pilot
from one of the most specialized flight programs
in the world.
I don't identify as a UFO person.
Like these pilots don't have incentives
to make this stuff up.
And yet the fact remains that their instruments
for measuring and observing the world
is the human eyes, brain, and long-term memory,
which is a pretty faulty
and inaccurate data collection tool.
So when I see something like 80 of these sightings
being collected from multiple sensors,
it makes all the difference for me.
Okay, so that's number one.
The US government has seen this,
they don't know what it is
and it's been collected well.
Number two, the other thing we know
is that they've taken it seriously.
This is a concern for them.
The US Department of Defense
is funding an effort to investigate,
study and analyze what is happening here,
which again is awesome.
Funding research is the only way
that we know anything about the world.
It's so much better than hearing a few people
riff on what they saw.
Science and research is our best antidote
to the faulty story-driven human brain.
And indeed the task force
has come to some pretty useful conclusions.
Since the release of that preliminary report,
the OAP task force database
has now grown to contain approximately 400 reports.
They went back and they looked
at every one of these reports,
analyzed all the data they could.
And when you do that,
you start to see these incidents come into perspective.
Remember this video of the fast moving round thing
that the pilot was freaking out about?
Turns out that the Pentagon analyzed this
knowing everything they know about where the jets were
and what tools were being used to record this moment.
And they calculated that this was actually
just like an optical illusion.
Like this object actually isn't moving that fast.
Only like 30 miles an hour.
Or remember this video of the triangles in the sky
filmed off of that destroyer?
It turns out that this was more just quirky optics.
We're now reasonably confident
that these triangles correlate
to unmanned aerial systems in the area.
The triangular appearance is a result of light
passing through the night vision goggles
and then being recorded by an SLR camera.
These objects are probably foreign drones
trying to spy on US military maneuvers.
Yeah, they might not be triangle in shape,
but like that's still really useful information.
We should know if there are foreign adversaries
floating over our Navy destroyers.
Or this video of a UFO shaped object
being chased by an F-18.
There's a whole fleet of them, look on my left.
What makes this video so weird
is how the object is behaving.
Unexpected ways, kind of turning and rotating.
Well, once again, with a little bit of analysis,
this weird movement is actually just another quirk
of the image sensors that they use in the military
on these specialized cameras
that make objects look like they're moving in strange ways.
When really, if you just saw it with your eye,
it wouldn't be that weird.
There's this guy, Mick West,
who's probably the most passionate debunker
of like anything weird going on here.
He does a really compelling deep dive
on an explanation for this.
Why this object looks like it's moving so strangely.
I mean, if you wanna go into it,
it's like another optical mix with camera sensors,
mix with gimbal equipment
and rotating compensation mechanisms.
Yeah, you get the point.
But we still don't know what this object is,
but at least we have more clarity
on why it looks weird to us with our eyes
when we're watching it on a video on the internet.
The Pentagon recently came out and told the New York Times
that most of this stuff is actually just foreign spies
flying around, spying on US military activities
or weather balloons or other airborne trash.
And further specifying that a lot of this stuff
that looks weird to us,
looks weird because it was recorded on gear
that is classified and is built for a specific purpose
that we don't have access to understanding,
leading to some strange looking imagery.
Really convenient, Pentagon.
And yet another fact in all of this
is that many of these videos
have not been officially declared a foreign drone
and in fact remain unexplained.
And that's after analysis.
One of those unexplained sightings was this one from 2004,
the one we started this video on, the Tic Tac incident.
The report often cites lack of good data
and indeed what we have here is not the best,
but we still have four sets of eyeballs.
We have an official Navy report
gathering facts from that day,
technicians seeing this thing descend
from 60,000 feet down to 50 feet in a matter of seconds,
hovering stationary on the radar for a short amount of time
and then departing at high velocities, high turn rates.
This video, which is kind of uninspiring and grainy
and not very long, but still shows us something
with its infrared not capturing any heat signature,
any means of propulsion,
as this thing flies around at mind-boggling speeds.
Since these pilots went public with their account,
a handful more of Navy witnesses have come forward
telling their stories of what they have seen.
And again, I take this all with a giant grain of salt,
especially when you see some of these accounts
putting fuel on the fire in the form of crazy claims
that I'm intentionally not gonna go into them here
because I consider them deeply outside
of the realm of useful evidence.
But yeah, if you're interested,
you can easily go down the rabbit hole.
This stuff is like clickbait for every human.
If you do go down the rabbit hole
on some of these other testimonies or witnesses,
just be careful.
This is powerful, intoxicating stuff.
We all secretly want to believe
that this isn't just like China spying on us.
That's boring.
Our brains are really good at filling in the gaps
to construct a faulty narrative.
Be careful.
But yeah, that aside,
there's still no satisfying theories that I could find
that explain the 2004 Tic Tac case.
Could be Russia or Chinese secret drones
or even experimental aircraft
that we ourselves have been developing.
I mean, it's no secret that powerful countries
spend a lot of time and resources
trying to get a leg up militarily,
trying to find the next big technological thing.
Like you can actually find patents from the US military
that claim to revolutionize propulsion tech
using like anti-gravity spacecraft,
like really out there, wild, weird, theoretical tech
that may or may not exist.
Again, another rabbit hole I'm not gonna go down.
The 2004 Tic Tac case remains a mystery
and I have a feeling that it will be a mystery forever.
We'll probably never know what this thing is.
And that's because real answers only come
when you have real inquiry with real tools
to measure and analyze real data from the real world.
People's eyes and brains and memories
are about the worst thing you can count on.
And yet we can't ignore credible sources.
They were always out there.
You know, they were out there when we took off,
we'd see them and then we'd go to land,
they would still be out there.
Like every day?
Every day.
But that's not proof of anything.
To me, if they're always out there,
we should be able to come up with a way to study them.
And the US government agrees.
This often limited amount of high quality data
and reporting hampers our ability to draw firm conclusions
about the nature or intent of UAP.
Step one in all this is gonna be to decouple
the study of UFOs, which is something we should totally do,
from the quick conclusion that people jump to
that we are being visited by aliens
from a different star system.
That is what created the stigma in the first place.
That is why people are embarrassed to talk about this stuff.
We need to decouple them.
There are UFOs, we should study them
and see what they actually are.
But am I saying that these absolutely aren't
alien spacecraft coming from other planets?
No, I'm not saying that at all.
I don't know.
What I'm saying is that I haven't seen anything close
to the burden of evidence required for me to believe
that that's what these things are.
What I have seen is evidence of weird,
unidentified things flying around,
behaving in ways that are potentially
beyond our mainstream understanding of physics.
I mean, potentially.
So yes, I'm totally open to these things being aliens.
I'm open to literally anything.
My issue is that people see this
and our brains automatically do the easy thing,
which is to fill in the blanks.
Suddenly aliens are the explanation.
My brain does it too.
It scares me.
It's not the right approach here.
I mean, I'm aware that it literally is almost
a statistical impossibility that we're
the only intelligent life forms in this universe.
Definitely not the case.
So yeah, maybe they found a way to travel
to our little speck of dust planet
and they wanted to visit and look at us or something.
I don't know.
I'm totally open to it.
But again, I have zero reason to believe that
because there's no evidence that points
to that as the explanation.
Seven, six, five.
But then there's the flip side,
the juicier part of this for me,
which is who's to say we aren't
the awe-inspiring creatures ourselves?
A hundred years ago,
most people were still riding around on horses.
They would have looked at our modern world,
all of this,
and thought that certainly aliens had come to take over.
Certainly some crazy magician had come
and reshaped the entire planet.
And that's exactly what happened.
Crazy scientific breakthroughs happen all the time.
I mean, just this year,
the Nobel Prize in physics went to a team of physicists
laying the foundation for quantum communication,
like real-time communication
that essentially bypasses the classical laws of physics.
What I'm trying to say here is
we don't need to treat UFOs like religion.
We don't need to believe.
Instead of cobbling together the scant evidence that we have
to fit some narrative that we want to believe,
let's go out there and gather data and analyze it
and build a body of knowledge about this.
Let's poke at these phenomena
and figure out what the hell is going on in our airspace,
at the very least to keep us safe,
but potentially so that we can discover something new,
something that we can observe, measure,
analyze, and learn from.
Wait, wait, wait, don't go yet.
They released the report.
The Pentagon released the report
right before we published this video.
We were waiting for them to release the report
and then they didn't, so we filmed the video
and I cut my hair.
And then they released the freaking report
about the update, the 2022 Annual Report
on Unidentified Aerial Phenomena.
UAP, baby.
We've gone through this and the update is that
they're actually studying this stuff.
This report goes through and shows a Pentagon
that is very interested in doing more
to gather data on this, which is really great news.
There have been 366 new reports of UAP.
They think that over half of them are like airborne clutter
or drones or balloon-like entities,
but 171 of these reports remain totally unidentifiable.
They don't know what they are.
And they even mentioned that some of them
continue to demonstrate, quote,
unusual flight characteristics.
They even say that they're talking to allies about this
to try to get to the bottom of what these UAP are.
So yeah, the report is out.
I'll link it in the sources.
It's a pretty good read if you're into this stuff.
I wanna tell you that next week's video is live right now.
You can watch it right this second.
It's over on Nebula.
I publish all of my videos a week early
and it's over on Nebula.
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The video is a map explainer
that goes over all of the major coups
that the U.S. has committed over the years
to depose leaders and put in leaders that they like.
Spoiler alert, there's been a bunch of them
and we mapped them.
You can go watch that video right now.
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