THẾ GIỚI BÍ ẨN của các loài chim kỳ lạ ở CHÂU PHI 🦤🤔 - Phim tài liệu về động vật -AMP

This is the most emblematic bird of the African winged fauna. It has a beak, wings, feathers, and the egg pool. The ostrich is therefore unquestionably a bird. But for the rest, it has little to do with the few 2,600 species that are recorded on the African continent. But we're going to have to pay for it. The world's largest and oldest bird often weighs over 100 kg. It is estimated to be seven times too heavy to fly. It would need 30 kg of muscles to activate its wings. And even so, there's no place on his skeleton to attach the muscles of flight. It lacks, at the sternum, the bony caren which is found in other birds. The ostrich would have a problem with its feathers anyway. If they have this vaporic appearance, it is because the filaments that compose them, the barbs, are all independent. They are not attached together, as with other birds, by barbels, for the ostrich is devoid of them. Consequently, its plumes have no rigidity. They are unable to serve as air support. But there is a counterpart. The plumage is a formidable insulator. They allow the autruche to occupy arid regions, Where a priori the lions and cheetahs, which are its main predators, are not too numerous. When it comes to drink, the ostrich reveals its bird nature. She did like everyone else. She's using her own mouth, like a scope. The ostrich avales little water every time. To quench her thirst, she must multiply the sequences. This presents a certain advantage. The bird never stays long without a watcher around. There's at least one bird that doesn't drink like the others. It's a little out of line. The outer corrie. She is the most widely fished bird in Europe. Posing on her tarts, she availed herself of a long blow of goulées. It's a unique way for a bird to drink. These outlaws live alone or in the company of one or two individuals. Here, there are two males, two large birds over a meter high. They weigh about 15 kilos. The females are half as long, but they have the same plumage. A gray, beige camailleux, which harmonizes wonderfully with the rock, the dry grasses and the dead wood. The perfect camouflage outfit for this rare flying animal that spends its entire life in the sun, because it is unable to perch. The outer has only three fingers. It takes four to cling to branches, like these passerows. The number of birds in the area is estimated at about 10 000. It's the dry season and the sea is a boon. It attracts some mammals and all kinds of birds. These touraco are vigilantes. They're going round and round. There's always someone with their head held high. The turtledoves of the Cape of Good Hope. The jackal attends them systematically at the point d'eau. So they adopted a very simple strategy. They come to drink in the shade and scatter around the sea to discourage the predator by distracting his attention. Like these gangs of Namaquois, Many birds live in groups and synchronize their activities. For each individual, the number statistically reduces the risk of being a victim of predation. A species that has pushed this logic to its peak, the Kéléa. This cloud contains more than 100,000 birds. It moves in an unpredictable way in search of food. The kéléas are grain eaters and in the dry regions like here, the resource is random. When they discover it, they will kill themselves in a feast. To ensure that all birds have their share of food, the composition of the cloud changes with each flight. The tail birds pass in front to be this time the first to land. One can be amazed at the incredible synchronization of birds that fly in close order. In fact, each has a perfect command of its immediate space and reacts in a few milliseconds to the movement of its neighbor. The Kéléas offer one of the most fascinating spectacles of the world. But the interest comes from the coordination of the crowd. Individually, they are only small birds with warm colors. This one, on the other hand, ensures the spectacle all by himself. Despite appearances, he is a very close cousin of the Kéléa. A euplecte with a long queue. Because of her beautiful tail feather which reminds one of a veil, she is also called the Black Widow. The Euplecte doesn't always have this plumage. Ordinarily, it's a simple passereau, more discreet than this tariépâtre. It looks more like a kind of beige sparrow. But when it comes time for reproduction, the male performs one of the most incredible motions imaginable. It becomes all black, its wings border with red and white shoulder pads, and it grows its long tail feathers. In this garb, the bird will fly over its territory with one objective, to seduce females. The Euplecte is a polygamous. It may have up to four companions who are mainly interested in the males with the longest feathers. The longer the feathers, the more difficult and tiring the flight. A bird capable of overcoming this handicap is therefore a vigorous animal and a good potential mate. In birds, as soon as the reproductive period is over, the males return to their daily eclipse plumage. The mould is being produced for the euplectes ignicolores. They'll leave their scarlet booklet to look like their female with beige plumage. Beige is the basic color for the animals of the savannah. More or less dull, more or less dark, it is that of most of the pelts. The plumage is also usually sober and discreet. But we observe in birds of colors rather foreign to the world of mammals. All white animals, such as these herons, red in color, deep in the throat of the great land snail, Where they contrast with the deep black of its plumage. Originally, all the feathers were white. The pig's black plumage, the drongo or the spreo, is covered with a pigment, melanin. It's the melanin that gives the jabiru the black parts of its plumage. In this large stork of a quarter meter, the male and female are almost similar. But you can tell a couple of things about a man here. First of all, he has a black eye. He's yellow in his females. And then, there are these two little yellow-skinned lambelas that hang at the birth of the beak. They tell us that it is in the reproductive period. The melanin that colors the feather also plays an essential role. She's the reinforcer. The pigment gives it solidity. It's important at the moment of flight. Apart from the marabou, the jabiru is the largest of the eight storks found in Africa. This one, which is less than a meter, is one of the smallest. It's the episcopal stork. She stood to seek her food on the banks of a water source where this pair of Egyptian geese lived. We find melanin in the plumage of their ears. But it's scattered, which gives the shades of gray. As for the jacana's beautiful red book, it is the result of a mixture of melanin pigments and red pigments. The bird is less known for its colors than for its immense fingers, The water is a natural environment, and the water is a natural environment. The jacana shares its environment with the yellow-billed rat, which has some of its abilities. This one captured an invertebrate which he cleaned carefully to remove its toxins. In the yellow-billed rat, the red of the eye, the paws, and the yellow of the beak are vivid, almost pure. To get these hues in the feathers, you need carotenoids, Pigments that color in yellow the weavers and the masked loris, and in red the gorge du golonec. It is a bird of arid regions. Descending to the sun to eat some insects, he discovers an aubaine, a dead wood that served until then as a shelter from termites. Melanin and carotenoids are the only pigments found in almost all feathers. The rest is just a matter of light, the way it is reflected by the carotene layer that makes up the feather. In the irisor moqueurs, which seek larvae in the bark of trees, the plumage is always changing. Keratin reflects only a part of the light spectrum, mainly blue, green and violet. And it doesn't always react the same way, it depends on its structure. When the keratin is deposited in a layer, one obtains the metallic and spectacular nuances of the spray-superbe. But if there are layers of air between the layers of keratin, the plumage then diffuses through the shades of green, pink, blue, which can be admired in the roliers. Finally, this color is a bit virtual. It is less the fruit of pigments than of reflections of light. In the guépiers, it's often a combination of the two. It's a family that exploits in matter all the fields of possibilities. Like many birds, when they are young, the gupeier carmin have the plumage more faded. Only when they're adults do they have that long tail and their bright color. The guépiers have, according to the species, different plumage. It's two green, belly yellow and throat red for the guépier front blanc. It's blue belly, yellow throat and two golden for the European guépier who comes to spend the winter in Africa. The technique of the guépiers is always the same. They stand on a branch to observe the insects that pass by. And when they spot a prey, they launch a raid to try to capture it in flight. If the guépiers are numerous on the site, this indicates that the hunting ground is favourable. A bird makes several hundred sorties a day. It is estimated that about one in three is fruitful. The bees and wasps make up the bulk of the catch. Once back on his perch, this little guépier strikes the insect vigorously to get rid of its venom. This bird is not only the smallest of all the gueppies, but it is also the only one to nest alone. The others are in the colony, like these guépiers à front blanc. This monogamous bird is noisy and demonstrative at the time of reproduction. To get closer together, the guépiers have a predilection for the river bed. Or more precisely, pour the talus des berges. The birds are in the process of working on this site which has about 20 nests. Once in the gallery, the guépiers, which dig with the beak, lean on their wings to clear the ties with their paws. The two members of the couple participate in the construction. But as the opening is narrow, they work in shifts and are constantly relayed. Hence this continuous animation. The galleries are dug in a gentle slope towards the top to avoid any risk of flooding in case of rainwater runoff. As a further security measure, the room that will receive the eggs is located more than a metre from the entrance to the tunnel. The eggs and chicks will be protected from the hands of baboons and the beaks of storks. Storks that are now busy collecting material to build their nests. Male or female? Male and female, depending on the species, the birds are more or less involved in the construction of the nest. In the case of vultures, both members of the pair participate in the work. But he is rudimentary. It's a vague web of branches that probably will welcome only a unique egg. These large birds, which are over two metres in size, always build their nests high up in the trees so they can fly easily. All around there, a bird nestles in the middle of the forest. It's a species that, rather than building a nest, prefers to use the nest of others. He is a Grand-Duc de Véraux. And the bird that has abandoned its enormous work is an umbrella. The umbrella is a small heron with an atypical appearance. Very different from other members of his family and especially the largest of all, the heron goliath. The exchanger is completely indifferent to the arrival on the ridge of a huge crocodile of which, in truth, he has little to fear. Leon is concentrating on his objective. Catching a fish to feed its two young which are guarded by its mate in the nest they built a little further up the hill. The little herons were born less than two weeks ago. They came from a large egg like that of a chicken that their two parents hatched in turns for a month. They won't be hanging around in the nest. The departure is near for these two ashen herons but there are still a few days left. There is only one condition for leaving, to know how to fly. These two are the survivors of a brood of five birds. They killed the other three to get more food. It's common among herons. For birds, the nest is a very temporary residence. It has a precise function, serving at the couvée of eggs and on the first day of the fast. He has no vocation to become a domicile. For example, when bad weather comes, birds don't go to the nest. They perch, exposed like these caronculés to the caprices of the elements. Well attached to its branch, a heron garde-bœuf prepares a little the disorder inflicted by the rain on its plumage. In the sun, the black-bellied outdoorsman doesn't change his habits. She calls, she signals that this is his territory. When the wind rises on the savannah, the birds have no difficulty holding on to the branches and keeping their balance. The queue is like a balancer and the fingers have a good grip. But contrary to popular belief, there is no mechanism that would ensure automatic blocking of the fingers on the branch. The wind did not stop this rolier from going hunting. It won't stop this young eagle fisherman from decolleting. But the bird is constrained to a formidable expenditure of energy. It could ultimately prove superior to the benefits of a capture. In fact, rain, wind and cold are at the origin of a high mortality in the winged fauna. Just to maintain their internal temperature, birds can expend up to 20% of their energy. So, to improve its chances of survival, the Social Republican decided to make an exception to the rule. He often occupies, a year, the incredible nests he builds. This passerow, endemic to southern Africa, lives in regions with extreme conditions. Where water and food are scarce, the days are scorching and the nights cold. We must save. Instead of spending energy to regulate their temperature, birds live inside the nest. This formidable entanglement of straw is a power that isolates the common man. These nests, known to be the largest in the world, can house several hundred birds. But each couple has their own room and private entrance. Maintained permanently by the entire colony, they've been used for several decades. Whereas in the weaver's gendarmes, the nests are only good for one season. These birds are of a diabolical skill. To build his nest from the ring he made at the end of a branch, The bird uses up to seven different knots, all made with the beak. The method is always the same. It consists in weaving from top to bottom, from this arch, a sort of pocket in the shape of a pear. When the nest is finished, we'll access it from the bottom, left open. The construction technique of the weavers differs more or less from one species to another. Instead of being suspended, the nest is sometimes braided between two parallel rosea. It's the work of a bird in a fort. The amblyose has a front blanc. These nests are made of vegetable fibres which give them a cozy appearance. Impossible to obtain this result with the acacia stems coveted by giraffes. And yet these branches with long sharp spines are systematically included in the confection of the nest of red-billed alectis. They're huge nests, especially if you take into account the size of the bird. Still a tisserin, but one of the greatest. It is only about 20 centimeters long, but it builds nests weighing several hundred kilograms. It's the males who are in labor. They have a red beak and black plumage, while the females are light brown. These nests have a long lifespan. Year after year, the birds keep them entertained by adding brandies permanently. And I see the interest of using acacia branches. Thanks to their spines, they easily tangle and they remain firmly attached together. A few more tender branches will be enough to ensure the comfort of the nest. These buildings are real fortresses. Their spines have a deterrent character for predatory birds and particularly for the gymnogene. This very particular raptor systematically explores this dead tree in the hope of discovering birds. The metallic merles, which have hidden their nest in the cavities of the trunk, do not hesitate to attack the predator to encourage it to go elsewhere. The buzzard has an original joint at the level of the legs that allows it to cling to the tree in any position. This painting was the victim of a martial eagle. The great African eagle has cut him. And he carried on his branch only the piece of meat that interested him. This falcon will conscientiously plunge its prey. It feeds almost exclusively on birds. The truth is that it is the birds that are the main predators of birds. But raptors also attack all kinds of reptiles and mammals. The little animals know better than to look in the air. These little mangroves have detected the presence of an eagle battleur. The bird is all the more fearsome because it spends most of its time in the air. He flies 8 to 9 hours a day, covering a daily distance of 2 to 300 kilometers of savannah. And he patrols rather at low altitude. Apart from carnivores, there is a wide range of diets among birds. The green pigeons that are fruit-eating are then to make on this fig tree. The stretched canvases between the branches announce an evidence. For insects, this world is dangerous. Those who escape the traps risk ending up in a beak. For this Martin hunter with a brown head, no question of taking it out on this spider. Maybe out of fear of poison, but more likely out of fear that his feathers might be dirty by the cloth. Then, once again, he caught a cricket. The hunting marine, which is strictly terrestrial, is in every way close to the fishing marine, which is closely related to the water. This huppé martin pêcheur, which measures less than 15 centimetres, is one of the smallest. His diet is varied. It hunts both small fish and large aquatic invertebrates. All this is happening before the keen eyes of his offspring. Like most birds, the kingfisher must eat a lot in proportion to its weight. So he keeps a constant eye on the swamp, patiently waiting for an opportunity. This time, it's an insect. The prize is small, nothing to share. A fish is another affair. The young bird would like to have his share this time. No doubt a little disappointed by the turn of events, he resolves to wait for the next return of fishing. But the parent, father or mother, since it is impossible to distinguish the sexes, no doubt considers that his little one has reached the age of self-sufficiency. In the case of the fishermen's martin pi, the breeding period is over and the pairs are defending their perch. The bird flies fast, straight, above the water. He often moves from one fishing rod to another, because he only eats fish. When it strikes its prey to disarticulate and swallow it more easily, the bird sails its plumage due to mucus projections. So once his meal is over, he systematically returns to the water to bathe. Same concern for the plumage, same behavior in this Senegalese hunter, who multiplies the dives. The birds are great bathing lovers. It cools them and is also a way among others to clean the feathers. Having a good plumage is so important that birds spend a large part of their time in it. Each one has a method. The Francolins are rather adept at the dust bath. This marabout does what all birds do. He meticulously replaces his feathers, one by one. In the case of the ibis tentacles, we go until we take care of each other's plumage. To access the least accessible plumes, on account of his neighbour. These birds use their long beaks with astonishing dexterity. We find this form of mutualism in the collioux. They live in small family groups of a few individuals where the birds are always physically very close. And I observe an unusual ritual. The birds feed on each other and independently of any context of seduction or feeding of the young. At sunrise, the birds are always the first to be active. Le marabout quitte son perchoir. He is not a marabout. The vanneaux armored extend their wings in a flight of heat. The ouettes spent the night in the family. It's time for the chicks to wake up and leave the warmth of their mother's feathers. The jabirus is active to find in the sea his first meal of the day. His technique of hunting, the agitation. His objective is to catch fish. He could come out of the vase and pass within reach of his enormous beak. The yellow-eyed bird is a female. Without activation, this cockerel warms up in its inflated plumage. The hero will start a nest. In any case, that's what he wants to say to his partner. Before getting involved in an effective construction, he dances. As a reminder of the sense of this agitation, the bird will take a branch as an accessory. It is a sign, the symbol of his project, the indispensable element of a ritual. Birds have a tiny brain, but a real ability to express themselves through their attitudes, their songs or their feathers. Even the vulture we know mostly on the carcasses. This necrophage is a le plumage terne. He's laid down, left in his demarche. Not to mention this drinking habit that always seems so ill-adapted. But here's his unsuspected nature, when he flies in concert with his companion. Forget the carnivores, they are beautiful birds, elegant, who manifest through this synchronized flight a form of fullness. They will soon welcome into their nest a new representative of the winged fauna of Africa.