德拉克講海軍歷史 戰艦指南 208 - 美國海軍約翰·C·巴特勒級護航驅逐艦 塞繆爾·B·羅伯茨號

U.S.S. Samuel B. Roberts DE-413是John C. Butler類型的短暫的毀滅艦輔助 毀滅艦輔助 也就是Frigate 正如後面所說 是為了給U.S.Navy提供快速建造的航母 適用於輔助航母和其他較慢的航母 相對於航母毀滅 毀滅艦輔助並不適用於航母屏幕 也不適用於直接戰鬥的毀滅艦輔助 也不適用於攻擊主力艦輔助 因此 毀滅艦輔助可能會較慢 只有25公里 它們不需要有強大的主力電池 所以這類型的毀滅艦輔助只能攜帶兩枚5英尺38槍 而不是5或6槍在它們的現代航母毀滅艦輔助的對手身上 而且它們只能攜帶3枚導彈管 而不是10枚 它們也比Fletcher或Gearing類型的毀滅艦輔助還要小 雖然它們的承載量只超過1300噸 但這仍然將它們放在同樣的承載量範圍內 如多次戰爭時期的全尺寸毀滅艦輔助 所以它們擁有什麼 這些較老和重型的母艦輔助並不擁有 其實有不少 毀滅艦輔助擁有不少雷達 雷射系統 發射控制系統 以及一個非常重的輕型和中型無人機電池 它們擁有大約20枚 混合20和40毫米的機槍 再加上雙目標的5吋武器 它們還擁有非常多的無人機武器 讓它們可以從幾乎任何角度發射沉澱接觸 並且在水中沉得很深的洞中 多個飛彈型的武器可能會在它們下面直直飛 如果它們沒有被調節為低速運作 雖然在最初的建設合約列表下 建設的努力是如此的龐大和迅速 由於1943年12月開始 Samuel B. Roberts的航空母艦 在2個月以後就發射了 然後在4月1944年4月結束的時候 4個月後的航空母艦就完成了 這艘航空母艦被稱為 Navy Cross Recipient 這艘航空母艦直接穿越 敵人發射的航道 在Gridal Canal Campaign中 以侵犯困擾 並且阻止困擾美國軍隊 事實上 這艘航空母艦的優勢 是為了拯救其他人的大量武器 這也是這艘航空母艦的優勢 After a shakedown cruise The Roberts was deployed on its first mission on the 21st of August 1944 escorting a couple of convoys before being attached to Task Unit 77.4.3 a better known to the world these days as TAPI 3 Her total time on active missions had been about 2 months Her assignment to the escort carrier force was hardly surprising even though the US Navy had many destroyers by this point it had equally as many commitments and almost as many fleet carriers and other forces that were in need of a full fleet destroyer escort The slower escort carriers were supposed to be operating behind the front lines anyway and screened by heavier fleet units and thus their primary threats were likely to be Japanese aircraft and submarines tasks for which the Roberts was fairly well equipped to guard against and so as with a number of other such groups the escorts would consist of a mix of destroyers and destroyer escorts when full fleet destroyers could be spared Then on the 25th of October 1944 the rising sun revealed the fleet of the Empire of the Rising Sun Admiral Kurita's centre force bearing down on TAPI 3 The smallest destroyer in the Japanese force significantly outmassed and outgunned the Roberts and the Japanese had brought some considerably larger ships than destroyers to the party in significant numbers Much like Captain Evans aboard the nearby USS Johnston Captain Copeland took one look at the situation and realised that the chances of any of TAPI 3 surviving were quite slim But those chances might improve if his ship served as a distraction And so with little regard for the lifespan of the engines since they were unlikely to be afloat by the end of the day he ordered all possible power diverted and the steam pressure rose well past the design limit which is something of a credit to the builders of the boilers if nothing else And the little destroyer escort turned hard about and charged the Japanese fleet at almost 29 knots considerably faster than it was designed for Exploiting the lack of Japanese surface search and fire control radar to advance under the cover of smoke Copeland decided that if the ship was going down he wanted a better than one to one trade And so he selected the cruiser Chukai as his first target A ship incidentally that was over 10 times his displacement and whose secondary battery on one side outgunned his entire ship So he did the most logical thing close to point blank range and engage the enemy with every gun he had right down to the 20mm orlikans and his three torpedoes Against all chance the Roberts won the fight tearing apart Chukai's superstructure with its anti-aircraft guns and smashing off her stern with a torpedo strike Roberts then moved on to the Chikama which was caught in a crossfire between Roberts and the destroyer Heerman expending most of her remaining ammunition load on the second Japanese cruiser with some surprisingly destructive results from using star shells once the normal high explosive had run out However, this luck couldn't last and Captain Copeland faced an impossible choice Sail on into the growing fire of the rest of the Japanese fleet or slow up suddenly to evade it at the cost of becoming an easier target for subsequent salvos He took the latter option but various Japanese navy ships duly exploited the situation rapidly accumulating hits on the poor old Roberts until the battle cruiser Kongo tore a massive hole in her machinery spaces with a series of 14-inch shells The order was then given to abandon ship and she sank 30 minutes later taking 90 of her 210-man crew with her with the 120 survivors including Copeland who would later retire as a rear admiral much further down the line being picked up albeit just over two days later The ship's exploits would be commemorated by the naming of several ships after both the Samuel B. Roberts herself and her captain That's it for this video. Thanks for watching. If you have a comment or suggestion for a ship to review, let us know in the comments below. Don't forget to comment on the pinned post for dry-doc questions.