Robert Hooke

On July 28th, 1635, Robert Boyle was born on the island of White. He is considered one of the most important scientists in history. At the age of 18, he entered the University of Oxford, where he met Robert Boyle. He helped in the creation of an air pump that served in the formulation of Boyle's law about gases. Hook not only performed in physics or chemistry, he also exercised architecture by building buildings such as the Montagu House or the Beck Legend Hospital. He also did studies in biology, being in this where he took more relevance his discoveries, the most important, the concept of cellula. The word cellula comes from the Latin cellula, which means little cell. One of the fundamental principles of biology is that all living organisms are composed of one or more similar units known as cells. This concept is of great importance because it places the emphasis on the basic uniformity of all living systems. Therefore, it grants a unitary foundation to very diverse studies related to many different types of organisms that had been done before. The word cellula was used for the first time in the biological sense by Robert Hook. Micrography is the title of the work written by Hook in 1665, in which drawings of images taken with optical microscopy derived from his research of the cell appear for the first time. The book contains the detailed description of 57 observations made with the microscope he made, in addition to three telescopic observations, although it is well known that he did not complete the whole cell. It was enthusiastically received by the European scientific community, although Hook was only 28 years old when he wrote it. The work was a gift from the Royal Society of London to positively impress the English monarch. In 1667, he was appointed Topographer of the City of London. He devised instruments to record changes in weather conditions and perfected the methods to systematically record the information obtained. In the list of instruments he invented are the barometer, an alcohol thermometer, an improved chronometer, the first hygrometer, an anemometer and a clock to automatically record the readings of its various meteorological instruments. In addition to all the discoveries and inventions of Robert Hook, he was the first to formulate the theory of planetary movements as a mechanical problem, he devised a practical telegraphy system, invented the spiral spring of clocks and the first square divided with screws and built the first arithmetic machine, in addition to the Gregorian telescope. And this is how, after a life full of scientific achievements, between discoveries and revolutionary inventions, he died at the age of 66, on March 3, 1702, in his residence in the City of London, Robert Hook.