Vedic Age Explained with Mind Map | Ancient History Lecture

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And everything else will be done. See you in the course. Civil service. So, hi everyone. Welcome back to Parcham Classes. My name is Rupesh. And I hope you guys are doing well. So, today's topic is Vaidic Age. We have studied about Vaidic Age in the previous classes. We have studied a lot. But today, what is important and special? So, precisely, we have started covering history with the help of Mind Maps. So, what are we doing now, sir? We are covering these topics through Mind Maps. Before that, we have covered Stone Age and Indus civilization through Mind Maps. And today, the topic that we are going to cover with the Mind Map is Vaidic Age. So, I think this should be very clear to all of you, right? So, if we start with Vaidic Age, we have to keep in mind the time frame of Vaidic Age. That is 1500 BC to 600 BC. Whoever is watching this sprint for the first time, let me give you a clear picture here. Vaidic Age is divided into two parts. One is Early Vaidic Age. And the other is Later Vaidic Age. It is divided into two parts. Early Vaidic Age is also called Rig Vaidic Age. Why is it called Rig Vaidic Age? Because a very old book was written in this time period. That is called Rig Veda. People came to know about Rig Veda. Rig Veda is basically used here. That is why this age is called Rig Vaidic Age or Early Vaidic Age. Precisely, what is the time period of Rig Vaidic Age or Early Vaidic Age? The time period is 1500 BC to 1000 BC. 1500 to 1000. You can see the time precisely. If we talk about Later Vaidic Age, the time period is 1000 BC to 600 BC. You can see the time period of Later Vaidic Age. You can see two different time periods. We will study these time periods in detail. We will know how the society evolves. After Later Vaidic Age, a new time period starts. This is called Mahajanpath. Different empires start forming. Big empires start forming. A time period of Mahajanpath starts. Vaidic Age is basically bifurcated into two parts. You can see the socio-economic conditions of these two parts. I think this should be very clear to all of you. I can see the comments. Good morning everyone. Today we are going to cover Vaidic Age. Before starting the class, there is an announcement for all of you. There is a new batch of NCRD. Admissions have started. All the aspirants, UPSC, State, PCS, are doing very good exams. They are preparing for the commission exams. There is a course for all of them. To be precise, there is a course for all the exams of CDS and NDA. It is mandatory to cover NCRD for all the aspirants. We are not covering only the basic NCRD. Apart from the basic NCRD, the advanced concepts that you will see in different books, are also being covered. If you want, you can definitely enroll in these batches. The admissions are on. And that also with some good offer. So, you can check it out on the Fortune Classes application. Starting of the class. As I told you in today's class, we will start with mind maps. A lot of students find history boring. How to memorize? There are a lot of factual things. There are big paragraphs in the literature. There is nothing in the literature. There is no paragraph. I will cover you with very simple mind maps. You will never forget after this. Just be consistent. Right. First of all, you will see. If we talk about Vedic Age, what will you find in the starting? Unformed Indian Civilization. If I ask you, what was the time period before Vedic Age? What will you say? You will say, Sir, it was the time period of Indus civilization. I told you in the last class. And what age is Indus civilization? It is called as the Bronze Age Civilization. What is it called? We call it Bronze Age Civilization. Indus civilization. After the end of that civilization, Vedic Age starts. So, how does it start? Sir, the arrival of Indo-Aryans. Now, understand this concept. This is the map of India. Suppose, the Indus civilization is flowing through Indus river. There are important sites here. There are also important sites in India. Now, there is a tribe of Central Asia. There is a community. What is its name? Aryans. Those Aryans invade India. And basically, coming from the north-west frontier of India. This is one of the most accepted theories. It has been believed that Aryans come from the north-west. And they acquire the northern part of India. So, this is the settlement of Early Vedic Age. In the later Vedic Age, almost the whole of North India got its control. So, in this way, Vedic Age is settled in different places in different time periods. So, initially, you can see the migration and settlement of Vedic Aryans. And when Vedic Aryans come to India, they come to India with their culture, language and literature. After this, in their time period, some important Vedic books have been composed. If I talk about books, which Vedic books are there? Tell me quickly in the comment box. Some Vedic books which have been composed in their time period. Sir, Rig Veda. Then, Shyam Veda. Then, Yajur Veda. Then, Atharva Veda. Do you remember? These are some Vedic books whose composition has been done. How many hymns are there in Rig Veda? Sir, in Rig Veda, there are 1028 hymns. How many hymns are there? Sir, in Rig Veda, there are 1028 hymns. How many mandals are there in Rig Veda? How many chapters are there in Rig Veda? Sir, it is divided into 10 mandals. 10 mandals means Rig Veda is divided into 10 chapters. And these Vedic books, initially, they were heard and passed. That means, they were not written. That's why, these Vedic books are also called Shruti. What are they called? Sir, we also call them Shruti. Okay? So, initially, if you are asked about Rig Veda in some basic level, then, sir, there were 1028 hymns. There were 10 different chapters. Then, what was Shyam Veda about? Sir, it is a musical compilation. There are many mantras in the form of songs in Shyam Veda. It is a very small Vedic book. You have to tell me in the comment box what is the difference between Yajur Veda and Atharva Veda. That is something I am assuming that all of you will be putting in the comment box that what is the difference between Yajur Veda and Atharva Veda. Okay? Everyone will tell this in the comment box. Next important thing, if we talk about Rig Veda, then what else can we see here? Look, in this time period, some very important events have been mentioned in Rig Veda. For example, Battle of Ten Kings. This has been mentioned in Rig Veda. Right? I will tell you one by one which important events have been mentioned and where. Gotra, which is the oldest system and can still be seen today, will also be mentioned in Rig Veda. Okay? Gayatri Mantra will also be mentioned in Rig Veda in the third mandala. These are some important things that you will see in Rig Veda. Okay? If we look at structure formation, a social, political, economic system starts emerging. Initially, the society was a tribal community which came from Central Asia and invaded India. So, it was a tribal setup. Initially, it was seen as a tribe. So, it was a tribal society. Now, we will read about this society one by one. Later on, this society started getting established in India. Agriculture started expanding and later on, it got converted into a major population. So, we will tell you everything. We will start one by one. Right now, we are doing Early Vedic Age which is also called Rig Vedic Age. So, in Early Vedic Age, what I told you in the beginning is that tribals are emerging. There are different theories. The most accepted theory is that they came from North West. They are Central Asian tribes which are seen in India. You will also see some evidences of them. If we see their settlement in the initial days, then in the initial days, they settled in the South Sindhu region. In the North Western region, they settled South Sindhu region. In Rig Vedic Age, there are some ancient rivers which have ancient names. Now, the question arises which are the ancient names. So, Indians used to call Swaraswati as the sacred river. It is considered as one of the pious rivers. Swaraswati was also called as Nadi Tama. Nadi Tama means the most sacred river. In fact, in Rig Vedic the most sacred river is Swaraswati river. Ganga river is also considered as the most sacred river. In Rig Vedic time, Swaraswati was considered as the most sacred river. Then, Satlach, Satudri, Vyasa, Vipasha, Ravi, Parushni. Now, the question arises Parushni is the ancient name of which of the falling rivers. Parushni is the ancient name of Parushni is the ancient name of Now, the question on the Das Raj yudh. On the Das Raj yudh, there was a war between the Yudh Parushni. Now, on the there was a war Parushni. Now, on the yudh, there was a war between the Yudh and Parushni. Now, the question on the Das Raj Now, the question on the Das Raj yudh, there was a war between Parushni. Now, the question on the Das Raj yudh, there was war between the Yudh or in old stories, there is a meeting of kings so what is there in the meeting? there is a king, along with the king, there is a minister, right? there is a priest, a priest, right? there are very special people, they are sitting that is, if you remember that the meeting is less alphabetical so there is a small body, there is a small body so there are very important people sitting in this if the meeting is more alphabetical, then there is a bigger body what does it mean, sir? it means that all the people of the village are sitting and discussing in this I think this should be very clear to all of you sir, next you will see the king what is a king? a king is a person who is leading that tribe he is the elected leader, responsible for protecting and leading the tribe a king is chosen in two ways in the early Vedic age a king is chosen who is elected by the people there are people who are electing someone as a ruler that is, people have elected a person as a ruler that is, a republican system so which is the first republic of the world? which is the first republic of the world? tell me in the comment box Sir Vaishali where is Vaishali? Sir Vaishali is in Bihar Vaishali in Bihar is the oldest republic system in the world which you will see being traced in the early Vedic age it is very old in fact, I will see you teaching about Vaishali Mahajanpad in Mahajanpad now what will you see after this? what you can see about this? along with this, you will see a lot of people that is, such organizations where people are sitting and discussing with political units see, if we talk about military organization then the king did not keep a very big army at that time remember this why did he not keep? I am giving you a very simple example which I always tell suppose if you will give tax to the king then only the king will pay the army with that tax is it right or not? you see in today's time period government of India is giving salaries and pensions to everyone why is it giving? because we are paying tax to the government of India so the government is giving salary and payment to defense personnel and police personnel is it right? if we stop giving tax then will the government be able to give salary and pension? no, it will not otherwise it will be parallel in the early Vedic age, there was no taxation system there was no taxation system is it right? there is a gift named Bali Bali is a gift that is, if someone has a lot of production then the king went to give a gift that gift's name was Bali Bali was not a tax so if the king was not getting tax then how will the king keep an army? it is a matter to think you went to give a gift to the king it does not mean that you will give a gift to the king every year now if you do not give a consistent gift to the king then how will he give salary to the soldiers? so in this system, in this time period there was no tax and there was no tax that is why there was no army that is, it was a very normal social structure all the people of the tribes were working in agriculture when there was a war, all the people came together and went to fight with their tribe there was no army, no standing army yesterday the war ended and everyone started working normally why is it like this? because there is no taxation system here in history, there is always a solid reason behind things we start remembering, we start counting we do not have to count there is always a strong connection why an event happened? what is the connection with the second event? what is the trigger of the third event? we have to understand the connection we have done all these things in detail in our NCRD courses which you can check out in the class let's move ahead now see how the social structure is so in this time period it is seen that the Varna system is developing now there is a question here what is the Varna system? it is a social structure a social structure has been made Varna system you must have read about it the one above the Varna system is called Brahmin what is their call as? Brahmin the one on the second number is called Kshatriya what is their call as? Kshatriya the one on the third number is called Vaishya what is their call as? Vaishya and the one on the fourth number is called Shudra now what is the difference? Brahmin means those educated people who are interested in education Kshatriya means those who are participating in the war who are fighting wars and battles Vaishya means those who are participating in trade and commerce trade and commerce and Shudra Shudra means a group of people who are not active in any of these activities they are doing labour work these three are called Shudra so in this time period Varna system is seen in early Vedic age but the amazing thing is this Varna system was based on the profession on whom is it based? on the profession means if I am a Brahmin and my child is interested in working in the military then he will become a Kshatriya if his child is interested in trade then he will become a Vaishya so in this way social structure is going on but is it like this in today's time period? it is not like this in today's time period exactly the same starts in later Vedic age in later Vedic age the profession which is seen here this profession will be removed here you know what will come? hereditary if I am a Brahmin then my child will be called Brahmin by default his child will be called Brahmin by default even if his action is of Shudra but he will be called Brahmin what does it mean to say? it becomes hereditary in nature social structure is rigid but in early Vedic age this social structure was not rigid that is the difference in early Vedic age there is no social structure rigid here ok what is the status of women? so sir women are given good status in the society women's assembly, rituals, education women are participating in everything like in later Vedic age women's rights are reduced ok what happens there sir? the rights of the women are reduced in early Vedic age you will see good classes here diet vegetarian plus non-vegetarian they are consuming all types of diet look at family the smallest unit of a family the smallest unit of a society we call it family the society is formed by family so the family was called Kul even today people say he made our Kul family proud he destroyed our Kul family Kul to represent the family and the head of Kul they were called Kulapati so what do we see here? in this mind map we have covered all the terms with keywords you can understand this plus in marriage both were there monogamy polygamy both are existing here widow remarriage is also happening widow remarriage later you will come to know widow remarriage is over widows are not getting married but here it is happening you can understand one thing the social structure of early Vedic age it was a very equal structure here whether we are men or women we are treating both equally but as soon as later Vedic age comes you will come to know the treatment between them is becoming unequal after this men will be treated more women will be treated less when? later Vedic age so that should be very clear so if we talk about dress then cotton and wool this type of dress people will be seen wearing this type of dress ok how was the economy of Rig Ved? it is a pastoral economy people are travelling from one place to another with the help of pastors it is a pastoral economy people are following agriculture people are very much interested in trade and commerce plus people are making crafts it is a normal economy you can understand pastoral economy is the most important part which you can see here people are doing agriculture they are doing agriculture in one place we saw the beginning of agriculture before the civilisation of Indus in the Neolithic age so agriculture is going on ok this was its economic organization look at the society in religious belief they are worshipping nature what is the meaning of nature? for example Indradev god of rain rain or thunderstorm most in Rig Ved Indradev is mentioned most in Rig Ved Agnidev Varundev like this different gods of nature are being worshipped sacrifices yagya yes I will tell you later Rajasuya sacrifices yagya like this is happening absence of ideal worship means idol worship is not happening anywhere no idol worship is happening what are they doing? they are worshipping nature Usha Ratha things like this are being worshipped means people are still worshipping nature they are not worshipping any ideals like you see Krishan Bhagwan or Vishnu Bhagwan these gods their ideal worship idol worship started later in Vedic age idol worship like this is not seen basically nature is being worshipped and different yagyas are being done especially in early Vedic age in later Vedic age it will be seen more in stage ok now we come sir letter Vedic age if I am saying later Vedic age then which time period I am talking about? tell me letter Vedic age means which time period everyone in the comment box let me know quickly which time period we are talking about? if we are talking about later Vedic age I told you starting what is the time period that we are talking about what is the time period of later Vedic age? yes the time period of yes very good the time period of later Vedic age is 1600 B.C right? this is your sir time period of later Vedic age and this 600 B.C ahead of this 600 B.C you can see Mahajanpat means big empires are being made and in this time period you can see Buddhism and Jainism also can be seen means see how history is connected to each other right? before this was early Vedic age which was 1500 to 1000 B.C now understand what happened in early Vedic age society is equal equal society you can see we are promoting in men and women right? you can see tribal society there are 3 important books 4 books Rig Veda Shyam Veda you know Yajur Veda Atharva Veda I have asked you the difference between right? this is how books can be seen in later Vedic age you can see inequality what happened sir? inequality one big change can be seen in early Vedic age how is society? with agriculture pastoral society how is pastoral? means they are fighting for the cattle they are fighting for the cattle cow is worshipped cow right? killing cow is seen as a big sin right? in a way you can see cattle society can be seen and who has more cows more cattle is called cowman right? in this way you can see in society right? what is the economy what is the wealth but as soon as we come to later Vedic age now this society is not pastoral now in later Vedic age they are not fighting for cattle in later Vedic age they are fighting for territories they are fighting why? because here king and kingdom big kingdoms start to form in later Vedic age now the concept of kingdom starts means in early Vedic age where cattle fight in later Vedic age for territory area this is my empire you cannot come here this is the place where I rule so for territory you can see fighting here this should be very clear right? let's go there is a severe throat in my vocal I think I am not able to speak ok now the next thing that comes to picture is sir evolution of political organization in ancient India how political organization is starting we are covering whole mind map I am not giving any paragraph or facts I am covering whole history through mind map and I have made a whole playlist ancient India through mind map history through mind map you can refer to those lectures as well anyways so first of all you can see in this time period many kingdoms are rising means tribal polity is starting different kingdoms are rising why different kingdoms are because sir agriculture is expanding if agriculture is expanding then trade and commerce will right? understand this if agriculture will increase then people will have surplus grains if surplus grains will then business will increase why? they will use barter system means let them if I have surplus grains then I will give it to someone and take something in return even today you can see barter system in villages because of that business is what is happening business is agriculture is empire is kings are taking tax in early Vedic age Bali which was present was a gift in later Vedic age Bali has become a tax it has emerged like a tax in later Vedic age time period you can see different kingdoms are rising plus rituals and sacrifices are also increasing different types of rituals are how rituals are happening? big ceremonies are happening right? rituals are happening right? Rajasuya what is Rajasuya? this is Ashwamedha what is Ashwamedha? in Ashwamedha Ashwa means horse king left his horse now this horse goes to other king's empire right? whole land belongs to this king and if other king stops that horse that it is coming to my empire then there will be a fight and who wins in this fight? exactly you can see the territorial kingdom is increasing the power of the king is increasing and a lot of complexity i.e. organizations like Sabha and Samiti which used to exist earlier are now disappearing. Now different types of organizations are being established and can be seen. So in this way you can see that the political structure of the entire LVKH is changing. So you can see that I have covered the entire political structure in one slide in mind map that is the beauty of this class. So in this way your political organization is emerging. If I look at the economy, how will it increase? Now you tell me in a simple way, if agriculture starts increasing will the economy increase? Yes definitely it will increase. You have to keep this in mind that in the LVKH, the use of iron has started. Because before the LVKH people did not use iron. If I tell you, the industrial civilization was using bronze. The first metal that humans used was copper. Iron was used a lot later on in the LVKH or in the Mahajan. Here the use of iron starts in the economic transformation so the solution of iron started being made. We started cutting the trees with the help of iron. So what happened? The jungle got destroyed. Agriculture started expanding. Like the use of iron. Iron is a very strong metal. Now if you use copper or stone instead of iron it will break. It is not that strong. Iron is very strong. So what happened? We did deforestation and increased agriculture. If we increased agriculture then people started having surplus grains. So people started doing business through the barter system. Business means money. The flow started increasing. The empire started expanding. What is the reason behind this? Business is increasing. You are giving tax to the king. If you are giving tax to the king, then the king has an army. If he has an army, then he is increasing his empire. The whole story is dependent on money. If you have money, you can do whatever you want. You will see the same thing in the early Vedic age. It is a concept in the whole history. We have covered these concepts in detail in CRD batches. If you want you can go. Definitely you should check out the batches. We have covered it in detail in the classes. Admissions have started to be precise. If you see how it is starting. You can see the start of trade and commerce. In this time period, you will see the use of coins. You will see the use of coins. Agriculture is increasing. Increased production. People are making art and crafts. Economy is improving. Even the trade is improving to a greater extent. How did the early Vedic age transform? The Brahmins, the religious people, they have resided in the Varna system. How was the Varna system in the early Vedic age? There were things happening according to the profession. If you are a Brahmin, and your son is a warrior, and if your son is a warrior, he will become a Kshatriya. If his son is a businessman, he will become a Vaishya. The system in the early Vedic age was based on the profession. If I am a Brahmin, my son will be a Brahmin. If you are a Vaishya, your son is Vaishya. The system in the early Vedic age was based on the profession. The concept of nature is moving towards abstract things. The economy is increasing. The money supply is increasing. The economy is increasing. There are elaborate rituals. There are several sacrifices. There are sacrifices for the son. There are different practices. There is phenomenal philosophy. There are many ideas like Upanishads. Upanishads are like sitting near a Guru. Guru ke paas baithna hai, yaani ki philosophical discussion yaani ki aatma, parmatma ke upar mein baat karti hui kitabe bandis ka naam hai Upanishad, ye rituals, prathaayin ke upar mein focus nahi kar rahi hain wo philosophical cheezon pe focus kar rahi hain, is type se kitabon ka janam ho raha hai agar aap jab kuch importance hai, key terms sabko pata chalega ye key terms ke upar mein kaafi baar exams mein question hai for example, janaa, matlab tribe janpadh, matlab territorial kingdom ab aap is cheezon ko samjho, yahaan se janpadh ki shuruaag hoti hai ek naya chapter mahajanpadh start hota hai janpadh matlab hota hai kya, maine bohot baar pata hai jan matlab hota hai, sir aam log mere aap ki tarah jab ye aam log ek jagah rehne lag jaate hain, jisko bolte hain janpadh kya bolenge, janpadh toh suppose kuro, aise bahut phare janpadh hai ek ho gaya, janpadh 2, janpadh 3, janpadh 4, right ab in mein aapas mein fight hoga, ki kaun sabse yada powerful hai jo sabse yada shaktishali hoga na wo last mein kya ban jayega, sir wo ban jayega mahajanpadh kya ban jayega, the most, the one which is the most powerful that will become the mahajanpadh toh sabse shaktishali hoga, sir wo shaktishali, wo kya ban jayega, sir wo aapka ban jayega mahajanpadh kya ban jayega, mahajanpadh theke, toh iss tariqe se aapko dikhaye dekha janpadh yaani ki territorial kingdom yaani ki early Vedic age mein, jo lang cattle ke liye fight kar rahe the ab ye kis ke liye fight kar rahe, they are fighting for the territories ab ye jameen ke liye fight kar rahe, sir ye territories ke liye fight kar rahe territorial kingdoms bante bhi na sir aad phir aapko raja, malab king, chief, hai na sabha, main aapko bata diya tha, sabha matlab smaller selective assembly bauti choti assembly hai, tribal assembly early Vedic age mein samiti matlab sir, badi, larger general assembly, main aap already bata chuka ho kaise yaad karenge, samiti mein 6 alphabet hai S-A-M-I-T-I samiti, 6 alphabet yaani ki badi body, sabha S-A-B-H-A 5 alphabet, yaani ki choti body, yaad karenge aapke liye easy rahega, theke varna system, yaani ki aap dekho social class kaise ho gaya, on the basis of birth janam ke hisaap se ho gaya, yaani ki result ho gaya, yaani ki hereditary ho gaye cheeja hai na, purushukta jaisa concept yahaan pe emerge ho raha hai, theke ashram, stages of life har insaan ke zindagi mein 4 stages hota hai na brahmacharya, phir aapko dikha griha iss sege ki stages of life yahaan pe start ho jaha raha hai, gotra system lineage, alag alag alag alag clans alag alag groups hai, right, un alag alag groups ke alag alag gotra hai, ab alag alag gotro mein shaadi ho rahi hai, theke same gotra mein shaadi hai nahi hoti, aaj bhi nahi hoti, right, to yeh bhi yahaan pe start ho raha hai gotra system kar dekha kahi nahi kahi Rig Ved ke dasve mandal mein kiya gaya, which is the latest edition, theke, yajna matlab kya hota hai sir, sacrifices alag alag sacrifices ho raha hai, theke Upanishad, philosophical text jo aatma, parmaatma jaisi cheezon ke upar mein discussion kar raha hai sir ye rituals ke baare mein discussion nahi kar raha hai traditions ke baare mein discussion nahi kar raha hai pradhaon ke upar mein ye baat nahi kar raha hai, theke aatma matlab soul, brahmana matlab ultimate reality, brahmana ultimate reality, rajasuya coronation ceremony, kisi ko hum raja bana rahe hain, to aappe rajasuya hota hai coronation ceremony, jo aapko bol raha tha ki alag alag sacrifices, ceremonies ho rahi hai Ashwamedha, yaani ki horse sacrifice, ghode ko aapne chhod diya, Vajpayee, yaani ki chariot race, chariot se race ho raha hai right, ghavishti, yaani ki cattle right, is tarike se alag alag alag alag terms hai, jo aapko basically Vedic age mein dikhai denge aur in terms ke upar mein so I think this should be very clear to each and every one of you, chalo to agar yahan tak cheezein complete hain, clear hain, to agar hum iska social structure dekh lein to kuch bhi nahi hai, main aapko social structure praha chuka hoon, political organization mein jan se janpad, janpad ban raha hai uske head hai raja, sabha samiti jiska organization choti choti exist kar rahi hain, kahin kahin pe social structure mein varna system ashram, gotra prathay exist kar rahi hain religious practices mein aapko bata diya hai ki alag alag yagya ho raha hai, alag alag sacrifices ho raha hai, upanishad jaise gitaab hai, aur nature ke bhi pooja hote hui nazar aa rahi hai toh is tarike se humne aapki class mein precisely kya kiya sir jo vaidhi cage hai, uska early vaidhi cage, aur later vaidhi cage mein kaafi ichhe se detail mein, humne mind map ke thru gavarat kiya, with all the important facts ab yahan se question banne ke sides, kahan kahan se, kahan se questions aate hain basically yaad rakhna, jo maine aapko key term us padhaya tha, usko ache se yaad rakhnege first, second Bali, jo text hai, iske upar hum bahut baad question poocha gaya hai, teesra main aap sabhi ko homework de raha hoon ya aapko dekh kar ke aana hai, battle of ten kings, right, battle of ten kings, das raj yudh ab in topics humne kaafi detail mein apne courses mein padhaya hui, right it is not possible ke hum ek chote se yt session mein we can cover everything, but important chiche main aapko cover up kar raha hoon, but aap ek baad battle of ten kings zaroor dekhenge, plus old names of rivers, old name of rivers jitne bhi rivers unke jo purane naam hain jo aapko already bataa chuka hoon, right ki kya bolte hain, Ravi ka purana naam kya hai, Parushni hain na, Vipatsa jo alag alag rivers hain, unke alag alag naam jo bhi the oldest names, wahan se question aata hai, vo nazar aata hai, to ye kuch important se key areas hai, aur paanch baar sabse important jo aapko dhyaan me rakhna hai, wo ekar aapko Varna system bahut baar Varna system ke upar mein question aata hai, ye kis Varna ka kya saam tha kaunse Varna ka kya task assign kiya gaya hai, aur thode se detail mein aapko Rig Veda ko padhna hai, jat mein aapko starting bataya tha ke Rig Veda mein, 1028 times hote hain, Rig Veda ke sab 10 alag alag mandals hain, jo daswa mandal hai, 10th mandal ye latest edition hai, isko bahut baad mein add kiya gaya hai, Rig Veda mein aapko Gayatri Mantra bhi dikhai dega, right, Rig Veda mein aapko Battle of Ten Kings bhi dikhai dega, ki kaun kaunse mandal mein bhai jaate hain, ki upar mein kuch questions aate hoon nazar aayenge, jahaan se bahut baar examiner question poofta hai, so I think this should be very very clear to each and every one of you, if it is, do let me know in the comment box, baaki apan kya kar rahe hain sir, mind maps ke through history cover up kar rahe hain, thek hai, cheezon ko connect karte hoon, basic jitne importance hain, facts hain, isko apan in courses mein cover up karenge, classes mein, baaki nahi, inka jo detailed class hai, jisko aapne bahut detailed dharike se padha hai, cover up kiya hua hai, uske liye you can definitely go and check out the admissions, which are going in the advance, SPIT batches, kal se admission start ho gaye hain, class 7 December tak chalega, aur isne aapko history, geography, politics, economics, art and culture, jisak saare subjects ko cover up kar rahae jaayega, so anyone of you who are interested for all this stuff, you can definitely go and visit out this particular thing, baaki aaj ki class ko yahan pe rakhte hain, see you in another class, ab tak all the very best, take care everyone, thank you so much, god bless you all, thank you.