Physics graduate attempts his OLD 2013 Physics GCSE Paper

hey guys welcome back I decided to do a different style of video today and I was debating I wanted to kind of retry my old GCSE papers and at first I obviously picked the maths paper but then I figured that might be a bit boring because I'm currently a maths teacher and tutor so it probably won't be that hard for me I'm not trying to flex however if you want to see that leave a comment and I'll maybe do it if there's enough demand for it so I decided to do something that I haven't done in a while which is physics so for those of you that aren't aware my degrees are in physics however I haven't taught GCSE physics specifically in a while and a level physics I haven't had students for like a year so this past year I didn't have any A- level physics students so I'm a bit Rusty not just that but the um spec has changed since I did it back in 2013 so this should be kind of interesting um I I did triple science so I picked the triple science paper one for physics there are three papers in total so if you want to see the other papers or if you want to see Matt let me know in the comments down below and I'll see if I can do it if there's enough demand for it I just wanted to see if this would be interesting for you guys so the specs changed I haven't seen all of this in a while um I have a calculator I didn't get the equation sheet this is basically all I can see at the moment but again I do have my trusty calculator over here that we'll use if we need to um but without further Ado let's get into it 60 Minutes this an hour so let's see if we can get it done before then so let's go down to the first question so sanky diagrams okay so that's normal so energy transfers in the traditional coal burning power station and I combined heat and Power Station CHP okay so sanki diagrams they show you how much waste energy and kind of useful energy that something produces in a proportion so what effect does the waste energy from a power station have on the surroundings so just for well I do have a black pen but I'm also going to be typing quite a bit of this because I'm incredibly lazy um and I kind of lowkey want to type some of this but for this what does it have it just heats up the surroundings right [Music] so so this we have a sanki diagram it shows the energy transfer in a traditional coal burning power station and a combined heat and Power Station okay and um cool so sank diagrams they show you how much energy is inputed and then the useful and then the waste energy down below so you can see the proportions what effect does the waste energy from a power station have on the surroundings um while one of them could be heating up although that's not really I mean it is technically a heat up surroundings it is technically a waste energy even though you want the heat from a power station but some of that heat is radiated to the surroundings you could probably also say sound as well so I'm not going to count this in my marks cuz obviously you're not allowed to put more than one answer but just as a reminder to see which one it is so I'm going to do the marks at the end of course um so I'll make sure I won't Mark that correct if that's what I see um again I'm using a black pen but I also want to type some of this CU I'm lazy uh perfect so calculate the efficiency of the CHP station okay use the correct equation again I don't have the formula sheet that's fine so all you need to do is count up the squares for the input and then you're going to count the squares that are useful however a small trick is you can just take away the ones that are missing so how many are in total we have 1 2 3 4 5 that would be 10 15 20 so there's 20 inputs that's going to be at the bottom of our um fraction and how many are out so it's four few oh no that's not one 2 yeah it's four so four of them is waste energy so 20 - 4 is 16 so 16 out of 20 uh which in other words is 8 out of 10 so that would be 80% efficiency not bad cool next uh why is a CHP station more efficient than a traditional um simply put uh just if you didn't know what a CHP station was and to be honest I don't quite remember it tells you here energy used to heat local homes and offices so some of the waste heat energy so the waste heat energy is made useful by heating up local homes and offices that's all you have to say right because that's why it's more efficient because you're changing waste energy into useful energy this other waste energy is probably stuff like sound um yeah so two marks that should be fine hopefully CHP station is usually uh used to meet demand for electricity within the local area the electricity is not transmitted and distributed through the National Grid what is the National Grid it is a system of cables Transformers and Power stations it's all of them using the electricity locally and not transmitting increases the overall efficiency of CHP station by 7% explain why simply put it is because uh energy is not lost through heating of wires over long distances so if you imagine that we produce the energy in let's say Scotland and then we pipe it all the way down into London for instance over that long distance it's going to heat up the wires inside uh which is waste energy I don't know why I'm explaining this I don't know if this is useful I should just be answering the question see how quick I can do it so uh so why do showers get Misty okay so it's three marks so I need to put three bullet points so let's get started so the first one is um water vapor comes into contact with mirror surface surface of Mir mirror is cooler than surroundings water vapor condenses onto mirror and then I'm just going to say causing Misty causing Misty sure um so these three points should give me everything I need uh the Home Run installs electric heat meter when a person has a shower it does not become Misty but stays clear why because now there is no temperature whoops difference between the mirror and the air um so no condensation so that's actually a good tip for life if your mirrors if your windows or mirrors are getting Misty generally speaking that's just because there's a difference in temperature that causes condensation which can cause mold so when you guys are homeowners okay light waves transfer energy complete the following sentence oscillations producing a light wave are something to the direction of energy transfer it's a transverse wave they are perpendicular the apparatus in the diagram shows that light waves transfer energy Okay cool so there's a desk lamp solar pan Okay cool so when the light from the lamp hits the solar panel it produces electricity which causes the fan to move so describe how switching the lamp on and off okay so describe how that specifically okay so when the light is on the solar panel produces electricity and um fan switches on when the light is off the fan stops spinning as no electricity is produced right it just says described you don't need to say like why or anything like that okay um okay a student holds a wrist watch in front of a plain mirror the student can see an image of the wrist watch in the mirror yeah okay that's fair enough the diagram shows the position of the wristwatch and the mirror draw ray diagram okay showing how the image of the wristwatch is formed Mark the position of the image okay this is one of those things that was kind of taken out or it might be only in triple science at the end um obviously I can draw radi diagrams for refraction reflection and all of that stuff total internal reflection things like that but this is a virtual image yeah so what is a virtual image simply put it's an image that can't be formed on a Surface so image cannot be formed on a screen that's a bit of a weird definition but essentially it appears as though the image is like um behind the light source right in this case which is the mirror right okay so four marks Jesus Christ um obviously what I'm tempted to do is just draw like a straight line going here and then going straight through because when you and we just call it virtual because if you think about it when I look in a mirror I have a mirror to the right of me by the way when I look into a mirror it's just like a straight line that is that can't be the answer that can't be so what I'm going to do instead as well or in addition to see the thing is in front of so realistically on this diagram there should be like an i somewhere so some something that looks like this right which tells you where the student's looking from because then you could also say it's like a like this so the reason why they can see it inside the plane is because there's a a bouncing um Ray so to speak from there crap yeah uh I'm just going to leave it as that I think that might be the first marks I've definitely lost okay in question you be assess on using good English organizing information clearly and using specialist terms where appropriate the diagram should the structure of a vacuum flask okay so it's designed as a insulator reduce the rate of energy transfer by the heating process describe how the design of vacuum flask keeps the liquid inside hot six marks okay so six marks six bullet points this one's actually a pretty good one because if you have a look there's five things we can talk about well about four so how it keeps the the liquid inside hot so what I'm going to do first is Lally just list the different special things so the silvered surfaces what's good with that well well think about what silver is it's reflective right so silver surface reflects infrared radiation back towards the liquid so uh prevents heat loss by radiation what next we have a plastic cap so plastic cap prevents water vapor escaping which um prevents heat loss by evaporation we have uh a vacuum just having it is a very good insulator so the vacuum space acts as a strong insulator and why is that because there are no particles to carry heat away from the um hot liquid so this is by conduction could it be convection no it's not convection okay uh double walled glass container again this is actually how your windows are structured as well let think about what else we can write I may have gotten four or five marks already because I've said what the heat losses is from like conduction radiation evaporations and maybe that six marks um but the double w glass container we have to talk about that so again with for tips with this even though most of you probably aren't doing gts's anymore is look at the diagram and explain everything so the double wall glass container um provides an additional whoops layer of insulation damn it which prevents heat loss by conduction instead you have that the um inner surface has to radiate heat um by the way I haven't actually I don't yeah so I think with this is an American spelling that's why unless that isn't high power preparation that's embarrassing if not so I think that's all okay so how it keeps liquid inside hot so yeah um all of these reduce heat loss right uh keeping liquid hot again even write obvious things it could be a mark arctic foxes live in a very cold environment arctic foxes have small ears how does the size of the ears keep help keep the fox warm okay so this is all to do with surface area to volume ratios so is have a large surface area to volume ratio which increases heat loss due to radiation small is lower the surface area to volume ratio reducing rate of heat loss via via radiation simple that's why Arctic sorry um desert animals have very long floppy ears and things like that so African elephants for example whereas um Arctic creatures tend to have less surface area compared to the volume so even like bear um polar bears for example they're very big but they don't have kind of EX genous things they don't have large floppy ears and things like that so generally speaking if something's large and thin it's good at radiating heat away um that's why things like desert mice have very very big ears too yeah that's good an electric immersion heater is used to heat the water in a domestic hot water tank when the immersion heater switched on the water at the bottom gets hot yeah makes sense energy is transferred by the process of convection from the hot water at the bottom of the tank tank tank to the cooler water at the top explain how four marks we need four points okay so um water at bottom of tank gets hot because of the heater as water heats up it expands this uh reduces its density causing hot water to rise this causes cooler water to sink towards the heater at the bottom of the tank yeah that's pretty much it so yeah cold water comes in it heats up so it goes up to the top which kind of forces cold water to go down because it separates into layers remember when you have liquids they always separate into different densities so hot stuff will be at the top cold water will be at the bottom that should be fine I'm so paranoid about losing like one or two marks cuz even that's thing is even though I know how Works scientifically that's not enough to get marks in GCS science you have to actually explain in the words that they want which is kind of an annoying part uh complete the following sentence the main way the energy is transferred through the copper wall of the tank is the by the process of conduction I have to think for a second uh the immersion heater has a thermostat to control the water temperature when the water the temperature which is 58° that's really hot okay switches the heater off and then it turns back on at 50° okay graph a shows how it oh that's that's fine okay it's easy so the tempature of the water falls at the fastest rate um just after the heater switches off so just in case you're aware temperature difference is the main cause of temperature change so the bigger the difference in two temperatures the faster it will kind of reach that equilibrium it begin to change temperature which is why um when you have things like nuclear fusion devices they have plasma that's at tens of millions of degrees in temperature and people are worried about that kind of exploding but the truth is it wouldn't it would cool down so incredibly quickly that it would become very safe to handle almost immediately because the temperature difference is so high right millions of degrees versus room temperature at like 27 degrees or whatever okay so explain why because um the larger the temperature the larger the temperature gradient the faster the um rate of change of temperature so at the beginning sorry I should actually say just after the just after the heater switches off there is the largest difference temperatures this is also why like hot food cools down quickly and it stays warm for a really long time and same thing like drinking tea or whatever to heat the water in the tank from 50 to 50 transfers 4,000 K of water in of energy to the water calculate the mass of the water in the tank I don't even need this because I know this equation cuz it comes up in a level it's e is equal to m c I believe you guys use delta T but in a physics we use Delta Theta but it's the same thing so we want the mass right so if we rearrange that I'm just going to divide everything over to the other side we have e got my handwriting so bad after having not just so you guys are aware this is like the last week of the summer holiday and I haven't done like anything educational uh so it's not good so 4,032 K okay that's in Jewels per kilogram so I need to change that into Jewels okay so I'm just going to leave it in standard form because I'm being slightly lazy I'm pretty sure that's what you have to do and uh C Delta Theta so that's 4200 the change in temperature from 50 to 58 is of course eight uh that looks like a decimal point it's actually a Time sign again I'm being a bit lazy so so far I've been recording for 16 minutes so I'm hoping that it's not going to take much more than this cuz technically I only have 60 Minutes three and then we have 4,200 multipli by 8 120 kg uh that's probably about right to be honest okay perfect uh an insulating jacket is fitted to the hot water tank and it shows how it changes my time okay cool an insation jacket costs only1 by comparing graph A and B explain why it saves money um I don't even need to compare it but if you look here you have to turn on the heater a lot more frequently so you know what in a 4our period without a insulating without an insulating jacket jacket the Heat must be turned on one two times right with an insulating jacket this only needs to happen once this halves the amount of energy spent on heating up water for only 12 less energy usage saves money I don't know I know I wrote an extra point but that's cuz I'm so paranoid about losing a Mark that I'm uh writing extra stuff um see how long ago this is oh my God in the UK over 70% of the electricity is generated power stations that burn fossil fuels this is nowhere near accurate anymore yeah this has reduced a ton since I did uh gcss this is back in 2013 anyways explain one effect that has on um the environment uh releases large amounts of CO2 um which contributes to global warmingclimate change the reason why I write either or because I think climate change isn't really used anymore they normally use global warming instead so but back then like both were acceptable so give one way the effect on the environment described in part A could be reduced crap um dang it I should have said something else um okay how could it be reduced um it can't be as simple as planting more trees using carbon capture devices could I say all right I'm going to put this in Brackets again I think I might be over complicating it I can't remember if carbon capture devices were on the spec back then um so plant more trees should have been what I wrote it's fine if I lose the Mark it's fine electricity can also be generated in a pumped storage hydroelectric power station an advantage is the short startup time they have what is the importance of the short startup time um you can respond to change es in demand for electricity faster have one other advantage of a hydroelectric power station well uh doesn't release Co I've Got a Feeling I've lost marks on this section hardcore oh my God okay uh 20 minutes all right so read the extract below from a newspaper article in the future it may not be possible to have constant electricity families have to get used to be using power when it's available in the UK the proportion of electricity generated using wind turbines is due to increase a lot some opponents of wind turbines think this one just one re oh okay that that's easy um this is because wind speeds fluctuate because wind speeds fluctuate God and depend on the weather cool between 2002 and 2008 the amount of electricity oh um LEDs SL more efficient ient light bulbs yeah Dam [ __ ] filament bulbs are a big thing Jesus Christ all right electromagnetic waves form a continuous Spectrum with a range of wavelengths what is the approximate range of wavelengths okay technically speaking it can be any by the way so the smallest one okay so I'm going to eliminate this by step by step first of all 10 to 50 is enormously huge just so you're aware that's like it's 10,000 times bigger than the distance from the Earth to the Sun so the Earth to the Sun is 10 to the^ of 11 so it's definitely not that so definitely not this one uh 10- 6 to 10 6 well 10- 6 it can't be because you know that there are ones that are smaller than 10us 6 right like gamma radiation so it must be the first one infrared uh give an example of infrared radiations uh infrared Wes being used for communication oh I know this why can't I think it can't be thermal imaging give one example of In Waves being used for radi communication why can I not think isn't it controls crap dang it I can't think okay a mobile phone network uses microwaves to transmit signals to the air the microwaves have a frequency of blah blah blah Trav speed blah blah blah calculate wavelength uh that's fine C is just equal to F Lambda so then we're trying to work out the wavelength so Lambda is = to c/ F = 3 * 10^ of 8 over 1.8 * 10^ of 9 which gives me the final answer which I'm going to work out now it's been so long since I've done this and I'm I'm sure that a lot of this is actually not not changed but like has been like on and off the spec um I'm pressing the wrong bloody key that's why 1.8 * 10 to the power of nine ooh that was close cool one 16 really yeah that makes sense okay so two significant figures say 0.17 meters three marks for that all right fine happy with that some scientists suggest that there is a possible link between using a mobile phone and male fertility the results show so is this real is this real damn okay uh the result shows a negative correlation the more hour the mobile phone is used each day the lower the sperm count however the results not necessarily um mean using a mobile phone suggest one reason why um it's because correlation does not imply causation other factors have not been taken into account things like age for uh for argument sake could be taken into account um these people could be drinking they could be smoking or all sorts of other stuff that can affect their sperm count um how many people were there okay never mind it's a great study oh Big Bang Theory okay I should be able to do this observation of the spectrum from distant galaxies prid many scien think that the big dang Theory describes the origin of the universe see it's one of those things it's like you have to remember like a specific sentence that might that might not give me the right Mark which is fun s of cosmic micro backr ration because it proved no it provided more evidence it didn't prove the universe will continue to expand forever no that is to do with the um matter density of the universe many stars are part of a binary star system binary star system have two stars see what I mean and this is I think now most of this is in triple science maybe visal Spectrum concludes dark lines the lines are specific wavelengths this by the way comes up in a level physics uh in the astrophysics Department which is predominantly AQA you get a choice of modules um okay uh the DI show position of two dark lines in the Spectrum from the Sun I should know this it also shows same Spectra from two stars A and B in the so we're looking what the name of the effect name of the effect it is I mean it's an absorption Spectrum no e actually absorption spectrum is when it passes through it's an emission spectrum I misread the question I thought it was like uh it's light going through this St and then blah blah two dark lines yeah oh no that is an absorption Spectrum if it's two dark lines it's an absorption Spectrum Yeah so basically the way what this is an emission spectrum shows you just the wavelengths of light that have been emitted so generally speaking from like a star or something like that or planet's atmosphere an absorption Spectrum shows you what elements have been are present in the atmosphere okay so for example this line over here more than likely is something like hydrogen and then maybe helium or something like that which makes sense because the sun is made up of hydrogen helium predominantly so these atoms will absorb specific wavelengths so if they're dark lines they're absorption spectrums if they're bright lines they're emission spectrums because they're showing you what um wavelengths a certain element or something will emit um which is why it's a good thing I reread that uh so it should be it it says an effect I'm going to say absorption Spectrum scientists have concluded that the two stars in binary star is AIT around a fix point a comparison of the Spectra provides evidence to support this you know what's really as I took so many astrophysics modules at University okay so I just have concluded the two stars in a binary star system or beit around a fixed point between the two stars a comparison of the Spectra from the two stars in the binary star system provides evidence to support this oh oh okay no no no I know what this is this is to do with what the hell is called the Doppler effect um this is going to be so bad if this is wrong because it's going to be so stupid it's so over complicated essentially um star a and star B should be made up of the same stuff right which means they should have the same spectas okay so they should have this diagram here but instead if you notice star a is shifted to the right star B is shifted to the left this is because star a is moving away from us whereas star B is moving towards us so star a is moving away from us hence the um Spectra is shifted to longer wavelengths star B is moving towards us hence the Spectra is shifted to shorter wavelengths um I am 99% sure most of you won't know this from gcsc to be honest um but it's the reason why if you hear like an ambulance or a police car driving really quickly towards you the siren sounds really high pitch and frequent and then as it goes past you it sounds deeper and it's further like the sounds are further apart this is the Doppler effect same thing happens with um light coming from distant places so for one star to be moving away and the other to be moving towards us they must orbit a Common Center of mass okay if if that's wrong I'm going to cry all right is that the end that is the end okay let me get the mark scheme up and I'll split the screen into two and then we will Mark and see how many marks I got what is it out of dam that's a long question um 60 okay well let's see what we get 60 marks and 60 Minutes wow bloody hell okay let's quickly discuss all the different ways that I'm going to help you in your GCC or a level maths careers first of all I wanted to talk to you about the YouTube members this is a really cost-effective way of getting tutoring so I'm going to do weekly live streams with GCSE and a level maths and that all comes for £18 a month and you get at minimum an hour of tutoring per week in these live streams at the moment they're quite small so you basically get tuition for about £450 an hour which is really really cheap the second thing is the patreon for those of you doing a level maths I have already completed as stats on my patreon it is a full CLA with worksheets marks schemes videos I answer all the questions we're going to do exam papers and everything that needs doing we're halfway through mechanics as of yet and lastly there's tuition I still have places in my group classes for a level maths and GCSE Maths for GCSE it's £30 an hour and for a level is40 per hour so if you want to let me know if you're interested just email me or join the disc scho where I'm very very active all the time anyways back to the video okay I know it's a bit squished but this is how we're going to do it so if we go down to question one uh the very first question we were unsure of what our kind of answer would be so let's have a look see bloody hell warms it heats up is fine I'm giving myself the mark for that uh efficiency 80% look at that I've still got it all right oh man I thought I didn't read it okay so some of the energy that would be wasted is useful so which is what I wrote cool if you guys think I'm being too generous uh I'm not system of cables and Transformers oh of course the power Stations don't count of course they don't of course the power Stations don't count of course they're not part of the bloody National Grid all right um less energy loss power lost in shorter cables yeah that's what I did so in that I got six out of seven um so I said water vapor comes into contact with the mirror surface um mirror is cooler so that gives me one Mark causes condensation so it doesn't it looks like I don't get the mark for saying that it comes into contact yeah all right I'm not going to take it personally it's fine it's fine it's fine it's fine all right why does the mirror oh stay clear once you get a heated mirror so I said now there's no err in Okay cool so mirror service is warm rate of condensation is reduced I get one Mark I guess wow um okay man it's got me a bit vexed all right that's three out of five Jesus Christ see I told you I'm going to lose dumb marks on uh stuff like this so again like what I'm saying is correct but that doesn't matter in science okay the next was the question about and everything perpendicular of course I got that right um light off no rotation yeah FAS rotation yeah cool um okay this is going to be interesting I don't actually know how I'm going to mark this because the mark scheme okay so one Ray drawn from the W wrist watch and reflected by the mirror so I've done that two rays drawn from the the wrist watchat and both reflected one okay so one Ray traced behind that's what I did here one Ray with the incident and reflected I did that image in the correct position I mean right the only one I'm is that four marks one R drawn from see it say one Ray and then two rays I've done two rays I want to give myself four to make myself feel better what is a virtual image cannot be formed on a screen did I write that I did cool I can't believe I remembered that so is that eight marks yeah okay again if you think I'm being a bit too generous then uh let me know all right then it was to do with the this one is six marks so I think you do get like quality written communication yeah this is kind of annoying but wow oh my Lord Okie doie so plastic cap prevents convection guns okay I didn't say that prevents molecules evaporating though I did write that all right glass container glasses a poor conductor I pretty sure I said that no I didn't shoot I did say it stops it by conduction though the vacuum both conduction and convection medium yeah so it prevents convection that's what I said no I didn't I said conduction CU I'm an idiot all right but I did say that there's no but oh it does say by conduction and convection okay there we are so I I was partially correct um and silvered surfaces reflect infered radiation okay so that is four so now I need to like black out if I got anything else um I don't think those last two would have gotten me stuff to be honest if I'm being honest I think that's a four it's a no from me all right cool Part B small surface area produces that cool um small Sur yeah cool two so I got six out of eight because I dropped two marks before okay that's fine um immersion heater let's go over to what my answer was oh come on really I I've already got two marks gain energy h fine two marks it is that's again what I'm saying is technically accurate but I guess it's not technical enough if that makes sense and it is through conduction so that is perfect Wonder yeah so again I need to approach this looking at it from like a scientific perspective like why exactly does the um water expand when it's heated things like that that's what I didn't do which is not good um okay 5 part I bigger temperature difference so the rate okay I did say that uh 120 good got that so so far I've only dropped two marks right yes um why is it better yeah that's fine so that should be 11 marks cool cool cool cool cool so produces carbon dioxide or nitrogen oxides contributes to global warming there we are so you know so they don't say climate change interesting they don't even accept climate change all right uh um carbon collecting carbon dioxide is sufficient carbon capture and storage or plant more trees okay I'm going to give myself the mark for that because I did have that um to meet surges in demand changes in demand faster doesn't release CO2 except does not produces Co does not produces does not produces okay does not produce CO2 is what I meant okay so some other nonsense about this do not generat concent rate wind speed fluctuates there we go LEDs LEDs where's LEDs energy efficient more efficient light bubs I also did right okay cool I think this was the last question right yeah 10 to minus 15 yeah cool that's the one I did perfect remote controls remote controls okay 0.17 maybe other factors involved or you can name a factor interesting um it's only one Mark yeah what six in that no there's another question all right oh yeah yeah yeah forgot about this that was quick um origin of the universe uh provides more evidence I'm read I'm not even going to read the mark scheme yet red shift yeah that mean sense I knew it wasn't an effect as well crap all right I mentioned the Doppler effect in the next bloody question too all right okay okay but I got this this is pretty much entirely correct so star a is moving away from us star B is moving towards us both of those are correct Oh no I got the full marks yeah because I wrote about the longer wavelengths and everything okay so did I only lose one mark in that okay five all right let's quickly add up our marks we have five uh add six is 11 seven is 18 that is 29 that is 35 it's 43 46 52 oh 52 out of 60 yeah so a bunch of kind of annoying little bits which again is why if I was teaching this old spec um because in the new spec they're a lot more lenient in terms of your wording because it's really dumb to make people like memorize exact phrasing right that it doesn't make sense that isn't actually a way on how to gauge someone's understanding so I'm say 87% which yeah I still got my star in physics assuming I get the same in the rest of them but yeah that's going to call it uh for today but again if you want me to do the maths paper and maybe even physics P2 and P3 for my tripal science then let me know in the comments see how kind of useful or funny this was to watch uh I'm surprised I got this low to be honest but I was kind of harsh on myself at times too but I was also a bit lenient so who knows who knows what I would have actually got but uh without further Ado I'll let you guys on with your day I hope you have a wonderful one and I'll see you in the next one