In the Golden Age of Chinese Craftsmanship (Part 2)

In ancient times, when the emperor went on a journey, he called it Chujing, and when he returned to the capital, he called it Rubi. This is also the origin of these two long scrolls, commonly known as the famous Chujing and Rubi. They were written down by the palace painters, who recorded the whole process of cleaning the royal tomb and the night forest. Generally, when we look at a long scroll, we tend to scroll from right to left and look at it while scrolling. So the painter divided the structure of the two paintings into three parts. The front of the painting shows that a large group of people set off from the capital, and the back of the painting shows that the people have arrived at the tomb. And the middle part is the process of return. The beginning of the long scroll depicts the night forest team departing from Deshen Gate in Chujing City. The civil and military officials stand outside the city to see off the emperor. The end of the long scroll depicts the tomb area. Every mountain road is a tomb of the emperor. The team that escorts the offerings arrives at the tomb area first. Many golden flags float in the clouds of the pine forest. The Great Red Gate and the Stone Pagoda are the entrances to the bright yellow forest. The middle part of the whole Chujing picture is the most exquisite section of the painting scroll. The painter painted this huge royal night forest team in detail. There is the whole process of the departure of the road. The end of the long scroll depicts the scenery on the other side of the tomb area. The night forest activity is coming to an end. A large group of people pass through the road to the mountain pass and are about to leave the tomb area. The beginning of the long scroll depicts the huge royal building group. Clouds and smoke surround the building. A large group of soldiers and horses are returning to the capital city. The civil and military officials are standing under the willow trees. depicts the emperor's team returning to the capital city by the waterway. According to historical records, the emperor's travel etiquette is very modest. All kinds of transportation tools, relics, and banners must comply with the rules of etiquette. All kinds of transportation tools include four-axle carriage, eight-horse carriage, twenty-eight-horse carriage, twelve-horse carriage, six-horse carriage, five-horse carriage, and six-horse carriage. 紅色方匣及水罐的護衛 Because the upper and lower steps of the temple 依循禮法不同級數給不同階級的官員使用 are given to different levels of officials according to the etiquette 看到有數勁小旗出現 也就意味著皇帝的座旗將至 Seeing a number of small flags appear, it means that the emperor's seat flag is about to be placed 教人要肅立致敬 不得喧嘩 The teachers must be polite and not show off 越接近皇帝 各式隊伍儀仗顯得更加威嚴 The closer you get to the emperor, the more dignified the various teams are 有紅沙燈籠 紅黃藍白黑五色雙樓扇 There are red sand lanterns, red, yellow, blue, white, black, five-colored double-deck fans 各式番旗與龍旗 以及手執各式兵器的步兵五十人 Various flags and dragon flags, as well as 50 infantrymen holding various weapons 這些古朵 臥瓜 燈杖 月戟 儀刀等兵器模擬物 These ancient weapons, such as wads, lanterns, moon flags, swords, etc. 原先都是禁衛軍的武器 後來成為儀仗的一部分 Were originally weapons of the imperial guards and later became part of the rites 皇家樂隊在黑色的趙獨 長藩等各式令旗的前導下登場 The royal band appeared under the guidance of various flags, such as the black Zhaodu and Changfan 龍旗飄揚 樂師身穿紅色半被坐在馬上 吹奏樂器 The dragon flag flutters, the musician wears a red half-dress and sits on the horse to play the instrument 行列中的樂器包括大銅角 鑼 杖鼓 筏 笛 拍板等樂器 The instruments on display include the big bronze horn, gong, zanggu, fa, flute, papan, etc. 赤字小旗領頭飄揚 表示皇帝的位移即將登場 樂隊兩旁各有擲爆尾槍的護衛軍事二十名護駕 The red flag flutters, the musician wears a red half-dress and sits on the horse to play the instrument 緊接的是八匹駿馬 分別由八位錦衣衛牽引 錦衣衛是皇帝的私人衛隊 身穿象徵皇帝尊嚴的繡龍紅袍 腰配繡春刀 The eight horses are led by eight guards 腳穿薄底快靴 錦衣衛的出現 同時也意味著出錦圖最重要的部分即將登場 皇帝的座騎出現 皇帝身著圓領對襟 織繡金甲 頭戴鳳齒盔 腰配弓箭 著烏皮靴 The horse is dressed in black and white, with golden jade on its back and silver and white on its side. 畫家刻意凸顯帝王尊貴的身份 而採取正面的畫法 使得皇帝的形象十分顯著且巨大威嚴 畫中究竟是哪一朝的皇帝 歷代有著不同的研究與爭議 有一說是明氏宗 也有一說是明沈宗 通常畫中的皇帝都會有一個圓領的圖案 圓領的圖案 圓領的圖案 圓領的圖案 圓領的圖案 圓領的圖案 圓領的圖案 圓領的圖案 圓領的圖案 圓領的圖案 圓領的圖案 圓領的圖案 圓� 入閉圖的中間部分 所畫的是夜靈活動已經結束 皇帝巡水路乘船回宮 沿途的兩艘鞭炮船內 紅色漆箱裝滿鞭炮 由內奸侍衛撐高鳴炮開刀 衝天的煙火聲與樂隊船中傳來的奏樂聲 使得整個氣氛熱鬧飛航 尾隨在鞭炮船後方的 是八艘護衛船 船內衛飾 配件 石 立瓜 長刀 爆尾槍 兩艘奏樂船 樂師佩戴大小銅角 樂弓所使用的樂器比初景圖略多 分別是腰鼓 笛 拍板 笙 龍鼓 拔 雲螺 杖鼓 伴隨著雄壯的樂聲 皇帝所乘坐的華殿式大船緩緩地前進 船艙覆蓋著黃色絲襪與龍紋地毯 皇帝莊嚴肅穆 身著紅色旁臉 載袖團龍紙袍 腰繫玉帶 玉帶上刻有苗金雲朵紋與雲鳳紋 頭戴雙龍搶珠 意善觀 皇帝端坐在龍椅上 後方有雲紋山水屏風 旁邊有香雞 香爐與香叉 船尾有持兵器與鄰軍六名 三名太監負責撐船 船艙外一名太監穿著袖龍紅袍 隨侍在側 細看貢品船中的器物 有珠漆原香雞 點香的香爐 黛帽香盒 香瓶 仿青銅的花器 內插兩朵牡丹 箱有寶石的酒柱 白瓷直壺等 花國古玩 整個船隊浩浩蕩蕩地沿著玉河行駛 緩緩返回京城 與儲景圖莊嚴肅穆截然不同 入閉途中的隊伍分別在船上及岸上 而岸上的侍衛予皇帝教育 也因夜靈歸來心情放鬆 橘子表情格外閒適 據史料記載 儲景圖中畫有人物1099名 馬匹有785匹 各式車與轎輪樣式很多 入閉途中所繪的人物有915名 馬匹377匹 船20艘 以及各種交通工具不勝枚舉 這兩幅作品雖然都沒有留下作者的姓名 但從圖中纖細的筆觸 可以感受到這一群職業畫師們注重細節的工作態度 筆墨技巧 以及構圖佈局的豐富行事 整幅畫作場面宏偉 山水 台格 花鳥 人物眾多 可說極各類繪畫之大臣 是世界繪畫作品中少見的超級巨作