Galileo: The Scientist Who Dared to Question | Leo & Layla's History Adventures | PragerU Kids

[Music] looks like it's science fair season hmm i don't know why my experiment isn't working it's supposed to erupt i did a volcano when i was your age want some help please yes did you follow these steps uh kinda what do you mean kinda well i did and nothing happened the steps feel wrong so i've been trying them in different orders but nothing's worked yet leo you have to follow the steps that's what science is all about you must have just made a mistake i didn't it was probably just a tiny mess up you have to be so careful following the instructions with science experiments and you sometimes rush and make silly mistakes no i was very careful i think the instructions are what's messed up let's see i don't know what's wrong science is supposed to be just like baking told ya just follow the instructions that's why i like science i kind of think if we switch a step or two or add a little more baking soda we can get it to work i don't know i've always thought that being a scientist is all about carefully following instructions you know how you hear trust the science all the time well this is due tomorrow i don't have much time can we use the history app for science maybe remember how adam smith was the dad of making money the father of economics yeah whatever let's go talk to the father of science do we want modern science there are options yeah sounds good [Music] whoa hey you down there watch out i'm doing an experiment is the building falling it's the leaning tower of pisa we're in italy who's that crazy guy dropping rocks you too i saw you appear in a ball to light i've been looking for you every night with my invention looking for us yes aliens we're not aliens we are americans ah american aliens just go with it i'm leo that's my sister layla and we need help with my science fair project i built a model volcano and need it to erupt ah like a teeny tiny vesuvius yes yes i am galileo i love experiments and i will help you we have instructions and we follow them perfectly but it's not working can you help us we have some questions fire away well for starters what are you doing with those rocks you almost killed us ha my experiment yes i'm testing my hypothesis that no matter how big an object is it will fall at the same rate as other objects bigger or smaller what's a hypothesis it's a prediction that you make about something after carefully watching and observing it oh like an educated guess exactly yes i love to observe the wonders of the world around me and trying to figure out how and why they happen so yes i make educated guesses about things and then test them in experiments to see if i am right or wrong that sounds really fun but we came here because in our time you're called the father of modern science and i thought science was about following the steps to the instructions and being precise it can be leyla but it's also much more than that okay science is both a collection of steps and rules from past experiments and also a never-ending process of questioning and testing can you give an example when i made my first telescope i did not create it from nowhere i build upon findings of other scientists around europe i followed their steps perfectly but after careful observation i noticed that if i change some of the instructions i might be able to make a more powerful telescope so it's okay to go against the instructions if you think you can make something better it is most definitely okay to have questions and try to make improvements and if something is not working then it is wise to question and look for alternatives leo you had some ideas about the volcano you thought might work that's like a hypothesis you were right we should test them mr galileo i have a feeling you don't follow the instructions very often well i live in a time where there are many new inventions that allow the universe to be observed more closely than ever before it is easier than ever to have questions i try to answer them and discover the truths of the universe do people ever get upset when you have questions and go against the instructions unfortunately my methods and experiments to discover natural truths have been met with resistance and anger from some very powerful people like who who wouldn't want you discovering new things [Music] there they are now here in europe during this time that you have come to visit schools government authority and the church are all connected together so when i learn new things that are different from what is taught in school some people think that i'm rebelling against government authority and going against god are you going against god not at all i am a christian and love my faith very much let me explain the problem because of the improvements i made to the telescope i've been able to see farther into space than anyone and i have observed things that go against what the church and the government scientists says like what for starters the church scientists have thought that the moon is flat and smooth i can see in my telescope that this is simply incorrect we've been to the moon we met neil armstrong up there it's not smooth at all it has tons of craters and holes i knew it you've been to the moon you are aliens what those people are really mad about is that i have developed a way to explain and show that the sun is the center of the universe not the earth they have taught for a long time that everything in the universe revolves around the earth and they do not want to be proven wrong maybe they're kind of like how i was they don't know that science is more than following rules and steps sometimes it's questioning testing and finding out new information i don't understand why leaders wouldn't want everyone to know true information i think it's because they're afraid of losing authority and power maybe that is why they want people to blindly follow and trust without having questions i'm not gonna hang around to find out bye kids let's get out of here too hey how was the science fair great i even got extra credit the judges gave it to me for figuring out what was wrong with the instructions and that steps 5 and 6 needed to be flipped they said i acted like a true scientist way to go they're right you did science isn't just about following rules and orders it's about observing having questions and testing you and galileo taught me that thanks will you turn on the baseball game that's right bob government officials are telling americans who have questions not to worry everyone just needs to follow the steps they've been given and trust the science [Applause] if you are interested in time traveling again please subscribe to prageru.com kids and watch more of our adventures thank you for watching this video to keep prageru videos free please consider making a tax deductible donation you