Building Blocks of Bharat - Hindi - Episode - 06 - जवत पतथर- भरत म पतथर क अनख सरचनए

In this episode of the Bharatiya Vaastu Kala series We will discuss in detail the various stone structures found across India We'll begin with the unique caves of Ellora Then finally passing by the Surya Temple at Konark So let's embark on a journey across India with us Where we will appreciate the unique artistry of stones The earliest evidence of human settlement in India dates back to the Mesolithic period We can also see them at the prehistoric site of Bhim Bhetka Bhimbetka Rock Shelters located in the Madhya Pradesh state of India is a UNESCO World Heritage Site Here among the Vindhya mountains' rugged hills and cliffs there are more than a hundred caves and rock shelters These are the earliest traces of human habitation in India Here prehistoric rock paintings have also been discovered depicting scenes of hunting with images of humans and animals rendered on the cave walls In the Bhimbetaka cave cup-shaped depressions have been found on the rock surfaces These markings are considered the oldest in the world Archaeologists have uncovered diverse artistic artifacts from prehistoric cultures here These artworks include everything from axes to chisels Bhim Betka's chhatri is significant because of its historical and cultural importance Because we learn many things from them From these we learned how humans have Natural shelters would have been used The development of tools and techniques enabled the use of stones and shells And later through the use of intons humans You must have learned how to construct advanced buildings Shortly after the Harappa civilization in India But by the year 2000 the construction of vast apartment complexes had begun It was not used We have found no evidence of this passage Then in many places across India rock formations were carved Unique sun chandeliers were crafted Studying these beautiful marks carefully We are left utterly astonished at that time Indians had not yet developed mechanical desig And how did Yujana cut through the mountains from the Qishal side And carving the cliffs into shape The vast temple complexes must have been built by the kings The rock-cut caves of Ellora represent India's masterful artistry in shaping its stone Architecture is regarded as a symbol of art The construction of Inkar Nariman was carried out between the 5th and 15th centuries When we wander through the Ajanta caves So we are exploiting the resources of these caves People are amazed by the architectural artistry and craftsmanship With the help of the unique technologies of that time Carving through the basaltic rock formations of the hill range There must have been 34 temples built These caves contain sacred temples dedicated to various religions Here are caves dedicated to Brahmanism Buddhism and Jainism It remains unclear who the guardians of these temples were But the inscriptions found in these caves reveal The fort was likely built by Rashtra Koot Danti Durg kings and a few other generous individuals Historically many of these monuments were constructed under the orders of another Rashtrakuta king Krishna I If we start with the southern thief the number of buried caves in chronological order ranges from one to twelve The more intricate ornate Brahmanical caves range from number 13 to 29 The number of Jain caves that followed ranges from 30 to 34 As you move northward the caves become increasingly narrow steep and vast The oldest Brahmanical cave at Ellora dates back to 600 CE These caves are considered the oldest Evidence points to the fact that this ancient settlement was located along the extensive Vedic trade route in the southern region The ancient route that connected Patil Putra to Pratisthan running north to south Given all these factors it can be said that Ellora was a thriving center of religious and economic life Now we'll learn how these caves were formed The astonishing fact is that the excavation of the caves was carried out from the top downward They first shaped the upper part and then the lower sections The rocks here had been meticulously carved with great care These hills are known as Deccan Traps a type of basaltic lava flow called Jaulmukhi You can see channels formed by lava flows in several places here The intense heat has caused the colors of these channels to turn reddish-brown Variations in rock formation and properties can be observed based on the nature of lava flows and the amount of volcanic debris The tools and techniques developed in Vasto remain useful to this day These techniques are still being used today in the restoration of the Ajanta caves These needles come in various sizes Large stones are used for the blog of Pattharri While small and slender chisels are used for sculpting and heavy work Numerous streams flow from this hill the most prominent being Ela Ganga which joins the Shiv River The main tributary of the Godavari River is the Shivana The Alai Ganga is at its peak during the monsoon season The water flowing over the barrage descends as a trickle near Sita ki Nahani close to cave number 29 When we arrived here this place was dry Water availability in this region has proven crucial to the development of Ellora In reality it was precisely due to the water that this site became a crucial landmark along the Waveside Trail Ancient builders had arranged for water collection on both sides of the caves The stones for these large tanks were quarried directly on site Here a network of drains was constructed using these very solid stones So that the rainwater flows into the storage tank through these channels It was built in the eighth century It took thirty years to come into being It was carved directly from a single rock Traces of iron chisels can be seen on the stones throughout the entire Ellora complex These 30 meters tall 45 meters wide and 85 meters long it says It is built in an area roughly twice the size of the Ethin Park This temple was carved out of a massive rock formation surrounded by hills on all three sides shaped by three enormous ravines The temple's outer wall is quite thick and contains numerous vertical chambers Statues of Shiva dancing and Vishnu riding Garuda are carved on them To truly appreciate the intricate artistry of the Kailash Temple it is essential to understand its architectural design Accompanying this is a meticulously crafted kambiy saranai by the artisans The striking thing is that the one used here is The distinctive features of Vastu Shastra and its construction techniques Even today we can see modernization in action In the main courtyard of the temple The pavilion or hall has ten pillars There is a nandi mandir and a kund inside Located atop the temple's peak All of these are connected by bridges built from the same rock formation There is not a single crack in this solitary rock Both ends of the bridge are located at these sites It connects the main temple to the mandab On the northern wall of the courtyard The stories are drawn from the era of the Mahabharata The southern direction offers views of Raman's landscapes To the south of the veranda is a three-story hidden structure It has a balcony and a courtyard These statues express a philosophy of life And within these the thirst for life is explained In this temple lies the largest in the world Canty is a stone carver Outside the temple complex The chattras are adorned with sculptures of sakhis At first the entire temple was covered in white plaster These ice-covered areas remain frozen with such plaster It looked like Mount Kailash The Ajanta caves also contain numerous beautiful paintings Just as in the caves of Ajanta The Archaeological Survey of India has unified one of its caves Images with more than one layer have also been found The plan architecture and construction of the Kailasa Temple In truth it is a remarkable achievement of human talent So before moving on to the next lesson let's take a moment to reflect For a little while we savor this rare and beautiful moment of tranquility Now we head toward the Sun Temple in Odisha The construction of this temple was commissioned by King Narasingha Deva in 1285 The temple's architecture is truly exceptional The entire temple has been constructed in the form of Lord Surya's chariot As there are 24 paisa Each pole is 10 feet apart The spindles of these chandeliers are intricately decorated with embroidery Each grain is a testament to the harvest The temple is being pulled by horses The gatekeeper lion is poised at the gate attacking elephants on horseback The temple was originally constructed in three parts Vast spiral-shaped double-ridged gourd-like structure Jagmohan with his striking flamboyant style reminiscent of Piramit And a nata mandap has three main parts Today the spires of this temple have vanished Jagmohan and Natt Mandal remain intact their proportions flawless and dimensions impactful These structures even if they appear ancient serve as tangible evidence of the evolution of human thought and architectural development across time This is a reflection of the Mandir Kal Chakra The deity's radiant light guides us forward Along the sides where the southern temple's shadow and eastern direction meet The days are fleeting with the passing of the week The twelve spokes of the wheel represent the twelve months of the year Another fascinating detail is that these are not ordinary wheels but also feature hourglasses Only someone who understands the mechanism can tell the correct time by looking at the shadow of the wheels Let's see how this works Each wheel has 8 spokes dividing the 24 hours into 8 equal parts The interval between the two needles is 3 hours according to this Thus there are a total of 8 hour hands each indicating 90 minutes The edges of the wheels are marked with small beads There are 30 beads between the large and small needles Dividing 90 minutes by 30 gives us the value of each bead as 3 minutes These beads are quite large allowing the shadow along their center or edges to be clearly visible This will allow us to maintain precise timekeeping going forward Today let's thoroughly understand this technique What would happen if the sun didn't shine directly on this side of the wall—how would we know the time in the afternoon We burn on the other side where another sundial stands This temple was built by 1 200 artisans over a period of 12 years Evidence from the witnesses indicates that three different types of stones were used in the construction of this temple Candolite is a type of metamorphic rock that was used extensively throughout much of the temple Schist was used in doors and some sculptures Limestone was used in the inner sections of the temple as well as in the foundation columns and central platform A metal plate has been inserted between the two stones Heavy iron beams were used in the construction of the temple's lofty floors Several theories about the temple's collapse are widely circulated According to a popular belief the Kounak Temple collapsed because it was incomplete Moreover Vastu art is also held responsible for this But the portion of the temple that remains intact is a superb example of India's finest architectural art Before moving on to our next lesson let's quickly take a look at stone inscriptions in India Many of Goa's renowned churches are constructed from laterite stone while Kolkata's Victoria Memorial is made of marble The Kutuparishar Mosque built of white stone stands as a testament to enduring craftsmanship The Red Fort and Fatehpur Sikri both part of the Mughal architectural legacy were constructed using pink sandstone Jaipur's Hawa Mahal was also constructed from sandstone but the techniques used in building all of these structures were different Buddha's footprints were enshrined here After that stones were placed on this sacred site It was expanded during the first and second centuries During the British colonial period Numerous Amritsar-based art studios in India The era of stone memorials in India The Taj Mahal is essential to its completeness Let's go the country or perhaps the world's Understand this most renowned celebration We will understand some of its special aspects This magpere was crafted using the labor of approximately 22 000 workers It took 17 years to complete This monument was completed and ready in the year 1648 After this be sure to keep in mind: The construction of most buildings during the Mughal era was carried out under These items were prepared at this Istanbul rate The stones used for the construction of Chhambadam were brought from the Makran region of Pakistan In addition stones from around the world were brought for the attractive fountains As brought from Punjab Jade and sapphire or crystal had been imported from China Firoza was brought from Tibehas and Lepaj Lajuli from Afghanistan The blue stone was brought from Sri Lanka and the indragop or carnelian from Arabia The beauty and intricacy of the Sange Marble were enhanced using a total of 28 types of gemstones Red sandstone of various types was brought from the mines in Sikri Dholpur It is believed that nearly 1 000 artisans were employed in the construction of the Taj Mahal primarily for stone carving and other related tasks To see how the inlay work was carried out in the Taj Mahal Now we head toward Delhi Our next stop is Guru Nanak Dev Ji's Gurdwara Bangla Sahib One of the most prominent Sikh pilgrimage sites in Delhi This is a beautiful reflection of the transient nature of material existence We were surprised to learn that new doors are being installed here by the workers They're doing the same thing causing stubbornness The curious thing is that there has been no change in the technology so far Even today all the work is still being done by hand This lengthy and intricate process demands exceptional artistic skill patience and precision Thus only those who are skilled and proficient in this work can perform it exceptionally well Let's spend a few minutes thinking about the significance of those marks That's what we've seen in this episode Artists craftsmen master builders and architects are often overlooked But these are the very artisans who have mastered their craft knowledge and techniques through skill and experience Created such sunrises that draw us in and captivate us reaching even the farthest depths of our souls