A JORNADA SECRETA DO SOL PELA VIA LÁCTEA

Hello hello friends of Astronomy around the world My name is Sérgio Sacani I'm the editor of the Space Today blog and you're watching And one more Space Today TV Today's program is this right Let's take a look at a really cool study that shows the Sun's journey through our galaxy Where was the Sun born Could the Sun have been born where it is actually located Could the Sun have been born alone A groundbreaking study reveals where the Sun was born whether it formed alone or in a group and how it came to be I ended up at the place where he is and the significance of that place where he stopped Because maybe if he'd just stepped a little bit to the left a little bit to the right maybe life wouldn't have happened Let's get into this whole story Cue the intro sequence Alright everyone new video here on the channel Before the video starts drop down below hit the like button and subscribe No canal pra você não esquecer durante o vídeo e pra ajudar a causa da divulgação científica no Brasil Já sabe né I have a new project here in the Brazilian internet called Além da Ciência a podcas Working with the Grupo Primo team collaborating with them is going really well—we've already had several programs together A show with Daniel Lopes a show with Pato a show with Clóvis de Barros A show with Lito a Q&A program I've already recorded with Professor César Lenz so get ready for some great stuff coming your way Subscribe now I'll leave the link in the description—go check it out subscribe comment and join in it's really really cool I'll see you all over at Beyond Science deal Let's get today's video spend a quick 10 or 15 minutes here chatting about something mportant interesting and relevant things happening in our universe and we're going to talk about something that is one of the most fascinating topics to discuss Sun it's located at a point here in the Milky Way we're about 26 000 years away from the galactic center where Sagittarius A* the star is located our central supermassive black hole and the big question is this : did the Sun form right here at this location Did it form alone Well one thing we already know is that the Sun almost certainly didn't form alone How stars form you know Stars form in the following way: you have a large molecular cloud whic people call it that cloud gets disturbed there by the passage of a wave front especially of the supernova or of supernovae or of multiple explosions and begins to form clumps within this molecular cloud these clumps gradually form protostars and eventually coalesce into stars We know this because in the sky and the universe there exists a type of object called an open stellar cluster for example the Pleiades So this shows that stars are born together they are born with multiple sisters sisters wins of theirs and then events unfold that these stars don't remain still they They have a movement known as proper motion and they eventually migrate to locations different from our galaxy A really cool study being conducted is to discover solar twins where they are located as solar twins and why is this study so fascinating so significant Because you're going to live with me that might be the first thing we should look for in life the universe to have a star similar to the Sun you need a star similar to the Su with the Sun a planet similar to Earth with an atmosphere and then comes the list of things but begins with a star similar to the Sun Since all these stars formed in the same place the likelihood of them being very similar is high They're so large that's why we call them twins sister twins or solar twins It's not easy to spot these stars because you have to find stars that have essentially the same age as the Sun and also stars with the same chemical compositio So the Sun meaning a star of the same type as the Sun and everything else has to be a twin right You're the same—you have your brother you're a twin and there's a twin brother you know you have to find Let's say you're born together and then separated —how would you ever find your twin brother So that's roughly what happens with stars A very important mission for conducting this kind of study was the Gaia mission by the European Space Agency European Space Agency which studied more than 2 billion stars and it was analyzing their positions the ose stars out there in our galaxy and just came out a really cool series of articles showing the solar twins in fact the largest catalog of twins has just been compiled there solar systems of history and through them the entire history of where the Sun and its twins originated They must have been born and wherever they are now that's exactly what happened Thus by measuring the vast number of stars in the Milky Way the Gaia mission managed to record 6.594 stars very similar to the Sun so they would be 6.594 solar twins That number to give you an idea of just how important this mission is that number It is about 30 times larger than previous catalogs of the same type that were made Already in studies conducted by astronomers right They discovered this When they discovered those 6 500 and more stars what the astronomers did was Next we'll calculate some of their properties and determined their ages and the age e stars formed between 4 and 6 billion years ago and this period is known precisely 4.54 billion years so between 4 and 6 billion years would be the stars tha were born alongside the Sun and this concentration this characteristic of sharing the same age may indicate that many of these stars formed in more inner regions of the Milky Way and en migrated to their outer regions meaning they ultimately moved to where the Su So it's here today meaning the Sun didn't migrate alone—it must have moved alongside several other stars similarly this process must have occurred on a large scale and involved a significant number of stars is a collective migration of stars moving toward where it is located today Where is that Where were those stars located According to studies the Sun would have been about 10 000 light-years closer to the center of the galaxy The Milky Way is what he's currently in so right now he's located about 26 000 light-years away from the center it would be located about 16 000 light-years away from the e center of the Milky Way where he was born and from there he migrated to the position where he now is Moreover this study not only revealed this major migration but also demonstrated how at the bar the Milky Way is considered its classification it is a galaxy spiral barred it has a bar of stars there and if that bar of stars had formed completely a billion years ago she would have prevented this migration because the force gravitational pull is so strong that it could hold stars in place there but the data suggest something differe unlike the age distribution of the solar twins indicates that the migration occurred as the bar was forming during that period the stellar orbits would have ave been disturbed by complex gravitational processes allowing many stars to f you were to move to new regions that would then tell us exactly when the bar The Milky Way formed there around 4 to 6 billion years ago triggering that migratio e radius of the stars we're talking about And here's the thing—what's the implication of all this Is that so It has a very important implication for example regarding life So for instance ere are studies that in addition to examining the habitable zone of stars also investigate the habitable zone of galaxies Life cannot occur too close to the center of a galaxy because the regio galactic centers are typically far more hostile environments for the development of life because it has a high stellar density because it occurs more frequently and because supernovae are exploding there more frequently it has much stronger radiation and gravitational interactions far more violent and all of this would hinder the development of life on a planet orbiting was born in this region If the Sun truly originated there at the center that means may have subsequently moved to the quieter region where he is now And that regio where he is would be what we call the galactic habitable zone and that would be crucial for life to have unfolded So there's that there's all of it The studies that's why we ey say life's a complicated business and that's exactly why it's so hard to make it on your own The star is in the wrong position so life probably won't develop Therefore it's very unlikely legally this work is now called galactic archaeology and the missio Gaia from the European Space Agency is all we have left—there's nothing else since it has already stopped functioning The data is right there Another mission ends but doesn't truly conclude The data is all right there yet still truly sensational this study showing that the Sun must have been born 10 000 ousands of twin stars closer to the center of the Milky Way and these The stars have ended up migrating over there Many researchers are searching for where those stars are located solar twins That would be another step The large telescopes coming down the pipeline mainly the ELT the 39-meter telescope set to be inaugurated in Chile by the unfortunate date of 2030 for the inauguration they might help locate those solar twins Who knows Around these solar twins there are no planets perhaps around those planets there are ere isn't some kind of life or a habitable planet or anything similar That's one thing to consider front but there it is—the hidden migration of the Sun through the Milky Way unveiled by the Missio Gaia from the European Space Agency That was the video I wanted to bring here on the channel You're all set now I hope you enjoyed it If you did you know what to do—give that thumbs-up That flying thing with everything on its chest—this seriously helps the video and channel grow Relevance Never forget the YouTube bundle—share like subscribe If you haven't subscribed to the channel yet let us know in the comments what you'd like to learn Together day and night in the fight against poor scientific communication in Brazil and against the passion for promoting astronomy in our country Once again my name is Sérgio Sacani I'm the blog editor of Space Today and you've just watched another episode of Space Today TV Done