Economic and Social Council(United Nations Organs)- Public International Law

Hi everyone so once again welcome you all on LawVita here this is Aradhya Gupta and today in this video we will be discussing the topic of economic and social council under the public international law. Alright so para 3 of article 1 lays down that it is a primary purpose of United Nations to achieve international cooperation in solving international problems of economic, social, cultural or humanitarian character. So in article 1 of United Nations Charter it lays down that it is a primary purpose of United Nations to achieve international cooperation in solving international problems of economic, social, cultural or humanitarian character and to achieve these ends the Charter established the economic and social council which is one of the principal organ of United Nations. In order to achieve these targets United Nations Charter established the economic and social council which is one of the principal organ of United Nations. Now we will study its composition, its need, voting system, functions, powers and its relationship with the specialized agencies. So let's begin. Composition, the composition of economic and social council is explained in article 61. So basically there are 5 points in this, first, council consists of 54 members which are elected by general assembly. In this council there are total 54 members who are elected by the general assembly. of 54 members that is 18 members of the council are elected each year for a term of 3 years. Every year 18 members are elected for 3 years of tenure, earlier it was said that in total there are 54 members in this council which are elected by the general assembly and next point is that 1 third of total 18 members are elected each year for 3 years of tenure. After 3 years they get retired and then it continues like this. Then retiring members are eligible for immediate re-election and here it is not that once retired members cannot be re-elected, retiring members are eligible that they can be re-elected immediately under this economic and social council. Member means basically nation or country, here it is said that there are total 54 countries so each country is represented by one representative, through one representative of that country it is represented in the UN. In the last, president of the council is elected for 1 year and this council's president is elected for a period of 1 year and every year a new president is elected. So this is our composition under article 61. Now next is need of council, why it was established, what was its need? We get to know this from article 55 of UN charter for the creation of condition of stability and well-being which are necessary for peaceful and friendly relation among nations. So why it is necessary to establish council and what was its need? To create condition of stability and well-being for peaceful and friendly relation among nations. All the nations, all the members of UN should have healthy and friendly relation among them. Economic and social council works to formulate a stable condition for that. Then for higher standards of living, to increase standards of living, then for full employment, right, for condition of economic and social progress and development. This council was made to create social progress, economic progress and development in the whole world. Then next for solutions of international economic, social health and related problems. Then next for international cultural and educational cooperation. For observance of human rights as well as a fundamental freedom for all without any distinguishing, without any biasness as to the regards of race, sex, language or religion. So this is our need which is in article 55. Now next is the voting system that is explained in the article 67 and article 69. So voting in the council is simple and direct. Indirect voting is not there. Direct election is there. Then next each member has one vote. One person one vote, right. Then all decisions are taken by simple majority of those present in voting. Right, the next council invites any member of United Nation to participate without vote in its deliberations on any matter of particular concern to that matter. So that particular member can also be invited to the council. Next council elects a president and a first and second vice president at the start of its first session. Then simple majority of the of those present and voting. And then president and first and second vice president are elected at the time of its start of first session. Now next heading is powers and functions. Voting system is 67 and 69. So council performs concrete task in the field of international economic and social cooperation and it carries out the functions under the guidance of General Assembly. So basically we have discussed 8 functions here. First is council may make or initiate studies or reports with respect to the international economic, social, cultural, educational, health and related matters. Council may make or initiate studies or reports with respect to the international economic, social, cultural, educational, health and related matters. And further it may make the recommendations with respect to any such matter to the General Assembly, to members of UN as well as to the specialized agencies concerned. And further it may make the recommendations with respect to any such matter to the General Assembly, to members of UN as well as to the specialized agencies concerned. This is the first function. Second is council may make or initiate studies or reports with respect to the international Second is council may make recommendations for purpose of promoting respect for and observance of human rights and fundamental freedoms for all. Second is council may make recommendations for purpose of promoting respect for and observance of human rights and fundamental freedoms for all. Third, council may prepare the draft conventions for submission to General Assembly on any subject falling within its competence. Fourth is it may call international conference on matters falling within its competence. Fifth, council may make arrangements with members of UN to obtain the reports on steps taken to give effect to its recommendations. Sixth, council may make arrangements with members of UN to obtain the reports on steps taken to give effect to its recommendations. So, it may make up the arrangements with the members of UN. Then sixth, council may furnish information to security council and assist it upon its request. Then seventh, council may perform services with approval of General Assembly at the request of members of UN and of the specialized agencies. Then the last is council may set up the commissions in economic and social field and for the promotion of human rights and such other commissions as may be required for the performance of its functions. So, these are the eight powers and functions. Let me quickly tell you the revision. Action replay. First, you can initiate your studies and reports on the subject matters. Then you can make recommendations to the general assembly, UN members, and specialized agencies. Second, you can make recommendations in regard to promoting and observance of human rights as well as of the fundamental freedom. Third, you can draft conventions and submit them to the general assembly. Fourth, you can call international conference. Fifth, you can make arrangements with UN members. Sixth, you can furnish information to security council. Seventh, you can perform services with approval of UN members and specialized agencies. Last, you can set up the commissions as if when required. And the last topic and the last heading of this tutorial is relationship of economic and social council with specialized agencies. So, what is the specialized agencies? They are the several intergovernmental organizations established to deal with the specific international problems. So, the council is empowered to perform certain functions in relation to these agencies. So, the economic and social council performs certain functions with these agencies. Basically, we get this in article 63 and article 64. So, we have discussed the relationship of economic and social council with specialized agencies. And the last is this council is empowered to obtain the regular reports from the specialized agencies. So, this was the basic relationship of economic and social council with specialized agencies. So, our complete tutorial has been completed on economic and social council. First, we have studied what is the objective with which it is established and this is a very important organ. Then, we have studied the composition in article 61. Then, we have studied the need of this council in article 55. Then, we have studied the voting system in article 67 and article 69. Then, we have studied the powers and functions in article 62, 64, 65 and 66. And lastly, we have studied the relationship of this council with the specialized agencies under article 63 and 64. So, here we are done with this video. Next video, we will be bringing very soon. Till then, be tuned with the channel. If you haven't subscribed our channel, do subscribe it right now and also click on the bell icon for receiving the latest updates of every upcoming videos. So, do like the video if you really like the content and do also comment down how did you find the video. If you have any query, you just sort out there only. I will meet you up in the next video. Till then, take care, be safe, be healthy. Bye-bye.