Spanish Basics 3 – Master Pronouns & Adjectives Easily

Hello, hello and welcome. My name is Rob. I'm with ConnectionBilingue.com and thank you for joining. This is our evening class here. Attached to this video you're going to find two things. You're going to find your vocabulary list. That's going to send you to SpanishDictionary.com. That's where I will post all of my Spanish, less my vocabulary will be hosted through there because that's what I use and it works. So feel free to jump into that. It is completely free. You will need a login. Once again completely free. A great resource and something that I recommend for anybody who's trying to advance in the Spanish language. So that's the first thing that you're going to find. The second thing you're going to find is going to be a PDF of today's lesson. What we're going to be covering in this lesson. I will say neither one of these things are necessary. 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I love connecting with individuals who are going through this. So if there's anything that I can do for you please send me a message. I'll be glad to connect with you. You have a great rest of your day. Hello, hello and welcome back. We are going to be covering some personal pronouns today. I hope you like your vocabulary. You're going to see some of the words that you just finished studying. So let's go ahead and jump right on in. So in my personal opinion, one of the easiest ways to learn Spanish, first step in learning Spanish is to learn a little bit of English. So we're going to focus in on this area right over here where we're going to be looking at what is our first, second, third person? What is singular and plural of that first, second, third person? Because when we categorize it like this it's going to help out a lot in the future. So singular is going to be first person. Singular is I. I think we hear that first person point of view. Second person point of view is going to be you speaking. So a normal conversation would say this is first person, this is second person. Hello, how are you? Because they're talking to you. I'm well. I'm well. So now they're responding about themselves. I am well. How is he? Okay, now they're talking about a third person somewhere else. So once again, and you've heard we may need a third person to come in and talk about this or let's see if we can get a third person. So third person is going to be somebody else that's not in the I and you, how are you, second person. I am fine, first person. What is he doing? What is John doing? What is whoever else, somebody else doing? But notice it's still singular. Now let's go over here to plural. This is another fun question that I ask people. What's the plural version of I? What's we? I'm included in a we. So plural first person is we. Plural second person is you. And a lot of times I have to clarify, it could be you, you all, you guys, hey y'all, things like that. But a group of people that I'm talking to, I'm still going to consider them a you. Plural of third person is going to be they, or you can do like John and Rosa are blah, blah, blah. So third person, they, these can also, this also can be objects. Third person can be objects. All of these are going to make sense in just a little bit because whenever we're constructing sentences in Spanish, it is very important to have our brain organized in this chart right here. And so let's jump over to the Spanish equivalent. So this is yo. First person, I. I translates to yo. Second person is going to be tú. There's an apostrophe. Write that down. Tú or usted. Usted is formal. If you want to say how are you, señor. Instead of saying tú, instead of referring to them as tú, you would be referring to them as usted. And this is very formal. Very formal. Okay. El, which is also an accent. El, ella. This is he and she. And notice there's not a word for it because it's barely, barely, barely, just barely exists in Spanish. We don't get that much in lessons. El and ella. We're going to go up here to nosotros and nosotros. So we right here, this also can be nosotras if it is a group of all females. Nosotros or nosotras. Now ustedes, now you may think, well, this is a group of plural formal people. It's not. Gotcha. So ustedes is our version of you plural. It means y'all. You guys plural. But you'll notice there's a red arrow and we'll talk about that in a second. Okay. Plural of, now if it's a group of gentlemen or a mixed group, it's going to be ellos. It can be male, female. A hundred females, one male. It's now ellos. Sorry, ladies. Ellas. Ellas. This is a group of females. Ellos or ellas. So there's, that's, these are all called your personal pronouns. They are pronouns. They are called pronouns because instead of me saying, well, Rob is, Rob is, Rob is, Rob is, I'm going to say I am. I'm not going to always say my name. I'm not always going to say you would buy your name. I'm going to use a pronoun instead and call you the word you or tú. And that's, you know, pronouns replace names. So él, ella, nosotros, ustedes, ellos and ellas. Now these right here have arrows going to, to this third box, this third person box. And you can see it's first, second, and third are usually written like this with a little degree sign. So first, second, and third. Primero, segundo, tercero. Yo, tú, es usted. Él, ella, nosotros, ustedes, ellos, ellas. Usted has an arrow pointing down here. It's because even though we're going to understand it forever to be second person, it will be conjugated, and we'll get to that word later, down here in the third person box, as well as ustedes is also going to go down here in this particular box. We're not going to dive into that right now, but you just need to know it exists for now and then we'll come back to it later on. This is just an explanation of first person singular, second person singular. You can see 1S, 2S, 3S, 1P, 2P, 3P. That's how I do organize a lot of my charts that you will see here soon enough. Or you can see it, it's just a straight line like this. Yo, tú, usted, you, nosotros, you plural, it has an X on it, because there is a word over here, it's called vosotros. It's mainly used in Spain and maybe Argentina. I don't use it, I don't teach it. If you want to look it, look that up, talk to ChatGBT, you're good. Now, let's dive into this very, very, very, very important word. Now, I said a minute ago, the word conjugate. Conjugate, conjugations of the verb to be. Well, the verb to be in English is going to surprise you because it is the, whenever I say I am, I am, you are, he is, she is, it is, and like I said, it is barely exists in Spanish. We are, you are, they are. So, this is how we conjugate the word to be in English. I am, you are, he, she is, it is, we are, you are, they are. Now, in Spanish, you know how some over here in English, they're a little bit of the same. We only have three. Am, are, is. Am, are, is, and then it agrees to the various persons. In Spanish, every single one has a different way that it is conjugated. Eres, tú eres, tú eres, él es, ella es, usted es, nosotros somos, and then we're going to skip los otros, ellos son, ellas son, ustedes son. Now, notice this is not the word son like we have in English. It's son. Son, it's not somos, it's somos, somos, somos. So, we're going to go through it again. Soy, eres, it's not eres, it's eres, eres, eres, soy, eres, es, es, es, somos, son. Now, one thing that I recommend people to do in their free time is walk around and they say soy, eres, es, somos, son. And as you're doing that, you're organizing your brain on how that verb is conjugated. There are five different ways to say that. And this is in present tense. So, I am, you are, he is, she is, you are. So, this is formal, you are, sir. Nosotros somos, ellos son, ellas son, ustedes son. Now, why are these over here, why are these crossed out? Well, it's kind of redundant because you're not going to find the word soy out there in Spanish without an understood yo in this. So, I can say soy Rob, soy Rob, soy Rob, soy alto, I'm tall. I don't have to say yo soy because soy is already understood to include yo. So, that's why that's It's the same thing with here, tú eres. You're not going to hear eres anywhere else other than being attached to the word tú. El, ella, and usted es. If you're using the usted form, you don't have to say usted, but if you're trying to make it clear that you are trying to respect somebody, say the word usted, but you don't have to. El and ella, if you're talking about somebody and you're already using a pronoun, you're not clarifying their name, the argument could be made that you don't have to use el or ella. Over here in nosotros, nosotros, the word somos is always going to have the word nosotros attached to it understood. You don't have to say it. Same thing over here, if you're already using pronouns like ellos or ellas, you already know what you're talking about. Son, son, son, ustedes son. So, there's that. I hope that's helpful for you. Once again, just a brief review. Goodness gracious. Yo, tú, usted, el, ella, nosotros, ustedes, ellos, ellas. Go ahead and also take your time to pronounce some of these because the double L is going to have the ya sound rather than ella, ella, ellos, ellas. And sometimes there's a little J sound that's ellos, ellos, ellos, ellas, ellas. And so, sometimes there's like a little sneaky Z sound that you can go, that you make here and then ellas, ellas, ellas. Anyways, we'll see you in the very next video. Current types of adjectives. Different types of adjectives. So, we've talked about some descriptive adjectives, the big, red, awesome, iconic, a big house. We've talked about some of that in our previous videos, but now we're going to talk about possessive adjectives. And there are two different ways when we have this, the two different ways in English as well. So, this could be your short form or your long form. And then we're going to talk about demonstrative adjectives. So, possessive adjectives are going to be, let's look, just look at the short form first, and then we'll come back with the long form. The short form is going to be first person, second person, third person. All these are going to be singular. First person plural, second person plural, third person plural. Now, notice this is pretty much the same. What would be the first person singular that would go with this? Like we talked about, this is yo, I. You, tú. This would be he, she, or it. Third, first person plural, nosotros, us. We're not going to talk about that one because I don't do that one. And we're going to talk about su. Now, what's cool about this is how do we say something is belongs to I? Well, it's mine. It's going to be me. And we'll apply some of this here in just a minute. If something belongs to you, it is your. If something belongs to his, to him, or to her, he, if it belongs to he or she, it's going to be su. If it belongs to us, it belongs to us, it's going to be nuestro. If it belongs to them, it's also going to be su. So, let's apply some of this real quick so that it really can sink in, has a chance to sink in. My red car is fast, okay? Carro rojo is rápido, okay? So, we're trying to define two different things here. Which of these words belongs here? It's going to be my. Mi carro rojo. Mi carro rojo. Now, we're going to take a look up here. Like where we left off. Okay? It is, it's a car, it's going to be third person. It's going to be singular because there's just one car. The word is going to be is in English. And so, therefore, it's going to coordinate with this same box over here in the soy, eres, es, somos, son dichotomy. Over here, es. So, down here, because it is singular, mi carro rojo es rápido. Mi carro rojo es rápido. Now, let's continue. The red cars are mine. The red cars are mine, okay? So, this is going to be changing it up a little bit. And we're going to, because we are going to use the long form in this, so rather than doing my over here, we're changing it up. We're changing the sentence structure. My red car is fast. The red cars are mine. So, how do we translate the word the? Okay? It's going to be the word los carros rojos, just like we talked about in the past. It's all masculine and it's all plural, so they all have to match. Son. Now, let's come up here. So, the, because it's plural, plural third person, because it's an object, it's not a he, she, it, it isn't it. So, but it's plural of it, so it's going to be a they. It's going to be over here with the word son. So, we're going to come back down here. Los carros rojos son. Now, they're mine. We can't put me. We can't do that. What we can do up here, this is the long form. So, my red car is one way to say it. That's the short form. Short form. Now, if we're trying to say it in the long form, we're going to come over here. Los carros rojos son mios. Okay. Now, what does this right here mean? Well, this just simply means that it's going to agree, it's going to be an adjective, so it has to agree in number and gender, like all the other things, and then we can add an S if we need to. So, it's just going to be fluid to whatever the situation is. Los carros rojos son mios. Now, notice mios is masculine and plural, because it has to agree with the cars. So, we're going to keep on going. I think it's going to do short form, short form, and then long form. So, your big house is beautiful. Okay. Tu, over here, corresponds with the word your. Tu, now notice, remember how I had to put in the apostrophe in the last one right here? Tu, just to say yours, your, is, does not have the apostrophe. See, that's important whenever it comes to distinguishing which is which. So, tu casa grande, your big house. Okay. Now, you tell me, is this going to be es hermosa or son hermosa? Because one of these corresponds with singular and the other responds to plural. So, which one is it going to be? You said singular, you are correct. Tu casa grande es hermosa. And notice, I'm saying hermosa, hermosa, because the H is going to be silent. Now, let's just do a quick exercise here, because it is important to notice up here, there's an S in apostrophe over here, because if we're going to say your big houses are beautiful, well, we're going to need to change things over here. Tus casas grandes son hermosas. Every word in there now becomes plural. It is important to note that your short form adjectives will agree also in number and gender. So, tus casas grandes son hermosas is how that would be. Let's just, let's jump back up here. Let's make my red cars are fast. Mis carros rojos son rapidos. Everything has to become plural. Okay. And we continue. Your, oh, we did that. Okay. Now, we're changing it up to be long form. So, the big houses are yours. So, we are putting the long form here, meaning that the long form of the word, it's the same in English, because we can say my house is mine. Mine is short form. Mine is long form. So, the big houses are yours. So, what's the word for the? La. Now, is it plural? Yes. So, it's going to be las. Las casas grandes, is it going to be S or son? One is for singular. The other is for plural. And we are making this plural. It's going to be son. Yours. Well, it's going to be up here. It's going to correspond to second person singular. Because it has to agree. Now, let's make all of this singular. That's perfect. Because it has to agree in number and gender. We're going to keep on going. His blue book is interesting. Okay. So, well, wait. Hold on. In English, we have his or her or and their and theirs and all of that. Well, Spanish makes it pretty easy because and sometimes a little not clear. It's all going to be su. Su or sus. Long form is going to be suyo, suya, suyos, suyas. So, his blue book is interesting. This right here is just going to be su libro azul. Is it singular or plural? It is singular. Okay. So, now, the blue books are his. Okay. The. How do you translate the? Libro. Okay. It is actually plural. Because this ends with a consonant. There's not really a vowel to change. So, we're just adding es to make it plural. Now, is it singular or plural? Once again, books are his. We're going to change this to the word son. It's just going to be the word son. His. Okay. Now, this was the short form of his. Now, we're doing long form of his. It's going to be right up here. Third person singular. Suya. Now, is it going to be suyo, suya, suyos, suyas. Right there. Our green table is small. Now, it is singular. So, we're going to go ahead and keep it as an es. Es pequeña. Our green table is small. Our. It's going to be this word right here. Nuestro. Nuestra. Nuestros. Nuestra. Because it's singular and feminine, it's going to be nuestra. There we go. Es pequeña. The green table. The green tables are ours. The green table are ours. The green tables are ours. So, the green tables. Las mesas verdes. Okay. This is another one. Ends with an e. So, we just add an es. Las mesas verdes son ours. There's no change in this. It's just going to keep on going and it's going to agree in number and gender. Their brown dogs are happy. Their is going to be this one right here. Su. Now, is it singular or plural? Sus. It has to agree in number and gender. Sus perros marrones son felices. Now, this would normally be feliz, but because it ends with a z, we have to change it to be a ces. The brown dog is theirs. It's just singular. El perro marron. No es needed. Is it singular or plural? It's singular. So, we're going to go with es. Theirs is going to be suyo. Now, in English, we like to put theirs because we like to put es at the end of possessive things, but in Spanish, don't let that confuse you because this is singular. This also can be singular. So, here's on to the different types of adjectives that exist. All right. Right here, we're going to start. We've covered with descriptive adjectives. We just finished with possessive adjectives, talking about my, your, his, her. It's our, theirs, and the long form, mine, yours, his, hers. It's our, theirs, and now we're going to talk about demonstrative adjectives, and we are going to continue doing this because we have to continue to remember that all adjectives must agree in number and in gender. So, demonstrative adjectives in singular form, and I think you covered a little bit in this in your vocabulary, but in English, we have this, that, these, and those. We also have that over there, over there. Well, we don't say over there in Spanish. We have a specific word called aquel, but este or esta, because this is going to be the masculine, masculine singular version, masculine singular version. This right here is going to be the feminine singular version if we're trying to use the word this. Same thing over here. Ese, that, if it's singular. Esa, if it's, I said singular, but I meant masculine. Singular feminine is going to be esa. Now, over here, over here, over there, aquel, aquella. Now, that's, if it's pretty far away, you're going to say that over there, that, that way over there, and also people say, like, back in those days, back in aquel tiempos, that's super far away. So, plural, if it's plural, so this, that, these, so these, these masculine plural is going to be estos. These feminine plural estas, esos, and esas. So, pretty much, you can, you can categorize it in your mind, however you need. Este, esta, estos, estas, ese, esa, esos, esas. You can categorize it that way in your mind. You can categorize it however, whatever makes sense for you. Aquel, aquella, aquellos, aquellas, aquellos, aquellas, aquellos, aquellas. So, once again, just following the number and gender rules, the only difference that you need to pay attention to is this is not going to be eso at the moment. This is not going to be eso. It's going to have an e there. Okay. All right. So, let's take a look at these. Those ideas are innovative. Those ideas. Okay. So, the first thing we need to do is figure out what is the noun. The noun is ideas. Okay. The noun is ideas. Is ideas masculine or feminine? Las ideas. Okay. So, it is feminine and it is plural. So, feminine and plural is what everything else has to agree with. Those. This, that, these, those over here. Those and feminine. Esas ideas. Now, is it singular or plural? Because it is plural, we're going to go with son innovadoras. Innovadoras. It's going to be innovative. It is feminine and plural. We are going to add an a and an s there. This sharp pencil is mine. Okay. So, we're adding a little or we're combining a couple different lessons here. This sharp pencil. Okay. Well, first of all, is lapiz masculine or feminine? It's going to be masculine. And is it singular or plural? It is singular. So, masculine and singular is what everything has to agree with. This sharp pencil. This. So, we're going to put este. Este lapiz afilado es, because it's singular, mio. Es mio. Este lapiz afilado es mio. Good job. Those books are his. Those books are his. Okay. What's the noun here? What is the noun? Okay. Libros. Libros is the noun. Is it masculine or feminine? It's masculine. Is it singular or plural? It is plural. So, masculine, plural. Those is plural. Those right over here, masculine, plural. Esos libros azules. Esos libros azules son suyos. Suyos, because suyos is his. And it agrees in masculine. And that delicious fruit is sweet. Which is it? Is it masculine or feminine? La fruta is feminine. So, la fruta deliciosa es or son dulce. The word dulce is the word sweet. It's also a popular name. La fruta deliciosa es dulce. Because it is singular, it's going to be the word es. Remember, this is the verb to be. This green table is small. This green table is small. These are those. First of all, what's the noun? The noun is mesa. Is it masculine or feminine? It is feminine. And is it singular or plural? It is singular. So, singular of this. Esta mesa verde, is it singular? It is singular. So, we're going to stick with es pequeña. And then I'm going to do this last one, and then I'll leave the rest of them for you to do. That hospital is big. This, that. Now, hospital, is it singular or plural? It is singular. So, we're going to come up here with that. That hospital is big. Ese, because it is masculine. Ese hospital es grande. Ese hospital es grande. So, go ahead. You can finish those. Knock those out. Let me know how that goes. You're more than welcome to connect with me. Now, so, what about things that don't really exist? And we need to use the neutral this, that, or that over there. What are things that don't exist? Neutral pronouns are used to refer to concepts, ideas, or unspecific things. And they do not accompany a noun because they don't describe specific objects. What? What does that even mean? They can be plural, as they can represent abstract concepts, or general references, or situations that situations rather than concrete countable nouns. That is what I mean. Okay. So, this is a little bit more complex grammar. But what we're illustrating here is that is what I mean. That is what I mean. Well, what is that? You're not really describing anything. So, right here, the word that is going to be the word eso es lo que yo quiero decir. Eso es lo que quiero decir. What does this mean? What is this? What is this referring to? It doesn't have a particular gender noun that it's associating with. So, what does this mean? ¿Qué significa esto? ¿Qué significa esto? Instead of this up here where it's este or ese, you're making it neutral by keeping that o there. That doesn't make sense. That doesn't make sense. Eso no tiene sentido. That over there. That over there. That is from the past. So, like I mentioned earlier, how aquel, aquel diez, like way back then. This is an example of that. Aquel es del pasado. Aquel es del pasado. You're bringing up the past, man. Aquel es del pasado. What is this called? Well, if you don't know what it's called, you don't know if it's what gender it is. ¿Cómo se llama eso? ¿Cómo se llama eso? I don't know what this is called. All the, this can also be very useful whenever you're talking about an idea or what did they say? Well, something that somebody said doesn't have a gender or anything like that. So, it is an abstract concept. It is an abstract idea. So weak. So, Spanish does give us some flexibility whenever it comes to having a gender neutral scenario to explain. So, I hope that's helpful to you and we'll see you in the next session. Thank you so much for joining and yeah. Hello. Hello. Congratulations. You've made it this far. So, this right here is going to be your invitation to join our online learners class with Duolingo. I am a Duolingo certified instructor. So, what we're going to be doing here is going to be, so you can, you're more than welcome to join the online learners class by clicking this link here and I'll show you what to do here. This right here can be a little bit misleading. So, I'll show you what to do here. This whole bit is about how to create a profile. This right here, the class, this, the main thing that you're going to take away here is this class code. So, you have that class code. What do you do with it? So, go over here to this more settings and it's the same buttons on your phone. So, find the more settings. Go over here and click the settings button and find the button that says Duolingo for school. The right here, this is where you can enter in that class code and hit submit or if you want to click the link. So, I'm not going to hit submit right here. I'm just going to click the link. I just went back over. 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And I am so glad to also continue to invite you to this here Connection Building with Free Spanish Community. There is no sales allowed here on this. So, this is just personal interaction. Please don't try to sell any of your products here. I will delete you. But let's go ahead and do a quick tour here. Welcome to the Free Spanish Community. This is a relaxed, no-pressure space where we share Spanish in chats, thoughts, resources, and the joy of learning and connecting. There's no catch, just a friendly environment to explore Spanish together where you're here, whether you're here to practice, ask questions, or make new friends. I'm excited to have you join. No sales, no strings, just genuine free fun with Spanish. So, this is just a quick tour up here. Please feel free to join. It is a growing environment. Just a couple of things. I don't know. Just observe and enjoy. Well, sometimes I'll post the different things like little translations. What do you notice here? And then we'll talk about it. There's a couple. Como se dice, the beach. So, and go in there. Feel free. If you have something that's like this that you want to share, you're more than welcome to do that. It is a group. I'm not the only one able to talk. Como se dice, dog in Spanish. And so, we had a couple people go at it. Perro, I love it. I learned a new word today. So, that's what it's all about. I joined because my daughter has several grandchildren, spouses, and from Mexico, and I want to be able to communicate and visit Rio Grande Village. Isn't that awesome? That's so cool. And she uploaded a picture from Eden, Oklahoma. But sometimes I go over some grammar stuff. El niño, los niños. I think we covered that in one of our videos, but I think that's in our free one. This is my hometown. This is whenever any guess is what atardecer means. And then everybody's like, muy bonita, sunset, good job. So, sometimes we do some quotes. This is another. 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