【德語學習】逼自己一次性啃完語法知識點，捋順德語語法體系！刷完你就牛了！ P7 - 德語中的第四格（賓格）

Hello and welcome to German class with Mr. Ferguson. This third grammatical lesson of the Third Grammar Lesson is the accusative. All contributions are gratefully received and enable me to continue providing you with new and exciting German content. while keeping it freely accessible on YouTube. Thank you to those of you who have already contributed. It's very much appreciated. Thank you! If you're not sure what the case system in German is and you don't know how the nominative case works or if you need a recap of what a definite or indefinite article is, Start by watching the second video in this grammar playlist, which is about the nominative case, by clicking here. The four cases in German are called nominative, accusative, dative, and genitive. This lesson will focus on the accusative case. In the nominative case, the definite articles in German are der, die, das. der for masculine nouns, die for feminine nouns, das for neuter nouns, die for plural nouns. And the indefinite articles are a for masculine nouns, a for feminine nouns, a for neuter nouns, and no for plural nouns. And the accusative case causes only one change. The change occurs with masculine nouns. The definite article would become "den," while "die," "das," and "die" remain the same. And ein becomes einen, while eine, ein, and keine remain unchanged. We use the accusative case with something called the direct object of a sentence. What is the object in the sentence that is receiving the action of the verb? For example, the dog ate the meat. The dog is doing the eating, so the dog is the subject. And the meat is what is being eaten, so that is the direct object. My best friend Karen is teaching. My best friend Karen is the one being, so my best friend Karen is the subject. And in this sentence, there is no direct object, so we would not use the accusative case. Three annoying children stole my football. The three annoying children are the ones who stole, so they are the subject. And my football is what was stolen, so my football is the direct object. In German, these direct objects would be das Fleisch, accusative neuter. and my football, accusative masculine Take a look at these English sentences and consider what the direct objects would be. You can pause the video if you need more time. My older sister's best friend's dog's previous owner's brother's colleague Used to steal all our milk. I like cereal. In the first, quite ridiculous sentence, the direct object is the thing that used to be stolen. that is, all our milk. In the second, more natural sentence, the direct object is what is being liked. that is, cereal. This is the most common way to encounter the accusative case. but it can also be triggered. That means that when you use a special word, you have to use the accusative case afterward. These special words are called prepositions, and they have specific meanings. For the accusative case, we use the acronym FUDGEBO. You can think of it as accusing someone of shooting you with the FUDGEBO. FUDGEBO stands for FÜR, which means FOR. For example, for my brother. Um, which means about, around, or at, in terms of time. For example, around the town. At eight o'clock. Through, meaning through. For example, through the town. Gegen, meaning against. For example, gegen die Wand, against the wall. Along, meaning along. This is called a postposition, so it comes after the noun. For example, along the street. Bis, meaning until or up to. For example, bis die Ampel, up to the traffic light. Until Monday. Without, meaning without. For example, ohne das Auto, without the car. And again, meaning against. But this is a very old-fashioned word and will not appear very often. You're better off using gegen. The only reason I include this is so that the FUDGEBO analogy will work properly. After any of these prepositions, and before entlang We would use the accusative case. There is one more group of prepositions, which are called Wechselprepositionen. or double prepositions which can take either the accusative or the dative case, depending on context. And I will discuss these in more detail in the fourth grammar lesson of this series, When we talk about the dative case. But in summary, these prepositions are in, which means "in." an, meaning on a vertical surface on, which means on a horizontal surface behind, meaning behind under, meaning under over, meaning above or over vor, meaning in front of between, meaning between and beside, meaning next to. If there is movement from one place to another, for example, going into somewhere, or placing an object onto another object, We will use the accusative. The most common preposition used here is in. And when combined with the accusative, this means into. For example, in the park, into the park to the cinema This can also be abbreviated as ins. And you can use this with other neuter nouns. For example, in the fitness studio, to the gym. In this sense, can also mean to. "So ins Kino" can also mean "to the cinema." The last thing you need to know about the accusative case Are those the pronouns I, you, he, she, and so on that change? And this happens in English as well. When I am the subject, I say "I." For example, I can see you. When I am the direct object, I say you can see me, Not you can see I. And this is the accusative case in action. In English, we have me, you, him, her, it, us, you, and them. And in German, the nominative pronouns that we've already learned, I, you, he, she, it, we, you, they, and they would change. I becomes me. You become you. He becomes him. She stays as she. And es remains as es. Because only the masculine is affected by the accusative case, As we discussed earlier. We becomes us. You become you. She stays as she. And she remains as she. For example, "I love you" is "Ich liebe dich." Not I love you. You love me. You love me. Not I love you. I love him. I love him. Not I love him. I love her. I love her. Because she doesn't change. This last sentence, Ich liebe sie, could also mean I love them. Because that sieve doesn't change either. So, we determine the meaning from context. For example, if I said, I have had a girlfriend for three years and I love her. We should be able to figure out that it's "And I Love Her." If I said, Every day I see my friends and I love them, We should be able to figure out that it's And I love them. So that's a brief summary of the accusative case. It's a bit more confusing than the nominative case. but think in English in terms of me, him, and her rather than he, she, and I and you'll begin to understand how it works. It's a good idea to pause the video now To recap how the articles change from the nominative case to the accusative case What is meant by the direct object of a verb? Which prepositions trigger the accusative? and how the pronouns change in the accusative case. Did I forget something? If you are a native German speaker And you think I've left out some important information. about the accusative case, the accusative or the one we are in the case of, Please write a comment below. Please write a comment. Also, please remember to click subscribe to receive all of my German lesson videos, language learning tips and updates You can also follow me on Instagram with the username HerrFerguson and on Twitter under @HerrFerguson. Otherwise, from me, It's Thank you and Goodbye!