What makes Australia Great? Vì sao Úc mạnh? #kindnessiscool #tamsuhoctienganh

Hello everyone, if you are planning to come to Australia as an international student or emigrant, perhaps this video can give you some useful insights into Australian history, as well as the intangible values that make this country such an ideal destination for prospective migrants. First and foremost, I think it's really important to recognize that the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples are the traditional owners of this land. Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples have lived on the continent for more than 60,000 years. Pre-European colonization, Aboriginal Australians were cultivating and irrigating farming areas, establishing fisheries and building permanent homes. Their understanding of the environment and its natural resources supported thriving villages across the continent, contrary to the popular misconception that they were all hunter-gatherer clans. In the 18th century, Lieutenant James Cook claimed the eastern portion of the continent for the British Crown. Until the 1850s, each colony was run by a non-elected governor appointed by the British Parliament. By 1860, all the colonies apart from Western Australia had been granted partial self-government by Britain. Each had its own written constitution, parliament, and laws. Although the British Parliament retained the power to make laws for the colonies and could overrule laws passed by the colonial parliaments, by the end of the 19th century, many colonists felt a national government was needed to deal with issues such as defense, immigration, and trade. For a federation to happen, it was necessary to find a way to unite the colonies as a nation with a central or national government, while allowing the colonial parliaments to maintain their authority. The Australian Constitution, which sets out the legal framework by which Australia is governed, resolved this issue by giving Australia a federal system of government. This means power is shared between the federal Australian government and state governments. In 1901, the Commonwealth of Australia was established. Six colonies came together to form one nation. One of the first pieces of legislation enacted by the Parliament of the newly federated Australian nation was the Immigration Restriction Act 1901. This Act, known as the White Australian Policy, aimed to not only restrict numbers of non-white migrants to Australia, but also to deport undesirable migrants who were already in the country. The Australian government actively enforced the White Australian Policy. British migration was favoured and encouraged. As a result, non-white people, including Australia's indigenous population, made up only about 2% of the overall population in the early 1940s. Nonetheless, after the devastation of the Second World War, Arthur Calwell, the Australian immigration minister, revived the idea that Australia must populate or perish. British migrants were sought, but government policy in the UK discouraged the immigration of people Britain needed to rebuild its citizens and infrastructure. With insufficient numbers relocating from the UK, Calwell made the controversial decision to circumvent the British bias of the White Australian Policy and allow the migration of displaced persons from Europe. This was the first step in the gradual move away from the British migration model that had dominated Australian policy. A migration review in 1966 led to the most significant step towards the abolition of the White Australian Policy. Under the new laws introduced by the Holt Government by ministerial decree and given by partisan support in Parliament, all potential migrants were subject to the same rules and restrictions with regard to acquiring visas and were eligible to become Australian citizens after the same waiting period of 5 years. People were selected based on what they might offer Australian society rather than their race or nationality. Today, Australia is a vibrant multicultural country. This continent is home to the world's oldest continuous cultures as well as Australians who identify with more than 270 ancestries. Since 1945, almost 7 million people have migrated to Australia. One in four of Australia's 22 million people were born overseas. 46% have at least one parent who was born overseas and nearly 20% of Australians speak a language other than English at home. Although Australia's migrants have come from many different cultural and religious backgrounds, they have successfully settled in Australia and integrated into the broader community. An important feature of Australian society today is not only the cultural diversity of its people but the extent to which they are united by an overriding and unifying commitment to Australia. Here are some of the core values which underpin today's Australian society. Australia has a strong tradition of mateship where people provide help to others voluntarily, especially those in difficulty. A mate is often a friend but can also be a spouse, partner, brother, sister, daughter or son. A mate can also be a total stranger. There is also a strong tradition of community service and volunteering and that is the idea of mateship. Australians are proud of their peaceful society. They believe that change should occur by discussion, peaceful persuasion and the democratic process. They reject violence as a way of changing people's minds or the law. Another defining feature is the egalitarian nature of Australian society. This does not mean that everyone is the same or that everybody has equal wealth or property. It indeed means that with hard work and commitment, people without high-level connections or influential patrons can succeed. And here are some of the cool pastimes that you might come across if you decide to settle down in Australia for a while. The people in Australia like to watch footy and in addition to that they enjoy hanging out with friends at pubs where they can order a couple of drinks and have some fish and chips. One elegant feature about Australia is a strong British tradition and this can be reflected in the Melbourne Cup event. Here are some of the local slangs that only Australians use. At first, Australian people don't call themselves Australian. They use the word Aussies. In Australia, when you want to encourage someone, instead of saying good for you like the Americans, we actually say good on you. Maccas is a localised abbreviation for McDonald's. When you greet others on the street or at school, you can say, hey, how's it going? That's it about what I have to share about Australia. Hope you have a good day.