Paris rétro

At the beginning of the 20th century Paris had a larger population than it does today Public transportation was already part of the city's landscape Like historical monuments means of transportation belong to Parisian heritage It's thanks to the diversity of transportation methods that Paris is moving today Since the 17th century Paris has had public transportation Horse-drawn carriages omnibuses and trams were the means of transport that relied on horses for power in the beginning Later on the relay will be taken over by mechanics In 1875 the first motorized trams are introduced But it was not until 1913 that the horse-drawn omnibus disappeared However Paris has always had a natural communication route the Seine In 1866 the ships that mainly transported goods began to carry passengers Regular ferry services already the barge boats serve many stations along the river Travelers realize that from the Seine the city is even more beautiful The Trocadéro Palace the Pont des Arts the Grand Palais the Henri IV Statue the Conciergerie the Pont Neuf the buses They have been roaming Paris since 1906 The electric tram Initially reserved for the suburbs as the cars were considered unattractive for the capital the mechanical tram conquers Paris at the beginning of the 1900s In Parisian traffic it is prioritized over all other vehicles But the fact that he is immersed in traffic will cause his downfall He will disappear temporarily in 1937 In 1900 a major event sparked skepticism The launch of the metropolitan railway "Parisians are not moles they will never go down into this hole " Error The subway is an immediate success and the metropolitan railway company attracts large crowds of passengers The decision to create this new means of transport had been made five years earlier The 1889 World's Fair had left a bad memory due to the lack of public transportation Paris could not afford new shortcomings in the context of an event that was to mark the entry into the 20th century the 1900 World's Fair The exhibition will welcome more than 50 million visitors She will be a great success and will greatly contribute to the prestige of stdout Thirty years later the International Colonial Exhibition will take place at the Golden Gate on the site of the Vincennes Forest The colonial exhibition will welcome 34 million visitors in six months Paris had largely caught up in terms of public transportation Mainly because of the subway which has continuously expanded since 1900 It was only after 40 years of hesitation and various projects that on November 22 1895 the government decided to create a metropolitan railway in Paris It will be up to the city of Paris to design and develop its metro It was necessary to be ready for April 14 1900 the day the world's fair opened The work was carried out at an extraordinary pace It took 17 months to build line 1 which connected Porte Maillot to Porte de Vincennes Despite this achievement the inauguration took place only on July 19 three months after the exhibition's opening The nature of the Parisian underground held many surprises It was sometimes necessary to use great ingenuity to find suitable technical solutions Clive Lamming is an expert on railways The Paris metro has a unique feature it is built at a shallow depth It's exactly an urban tramway that is simply built 10 to 15 meters lower than the street surfaces Noble This is the cut and cover system which involves digging a trench in the streets At that time they were significant works and were simply covered with a pavement To dig the first trenches we simply followed the layout of the roads So it's a subway that cost relatively little and follows the routes of streets that rarely go under houses The only exception is the crossings under the greenhouse And the first cars made of wood were designed to meet the standards of an underground railway The metro quickly becomes very popular Each new line opening will now be inaugurated with great fanfare And the politicians quickly understood the advantage they could gain from it It was good to show up and participate in the openings They are officially launched with great fanfare And Georges Pernaut the Minister of Public Works wants to be the first to test the new roads And the station openings follow one after another From 1900 to 1937 over 320 stations were opened ensuring that no part of Paris was more than 400 meters from a metro entrance And it is thanks in particular to all these great works that Paris is thriving today The name of a station alone recalls an entire part of the metro's history Montparnasse welcome But then why welcome No idea No no idea No I don't know We don't know We are from Israel I really ask myself this question but I don't know the answer I don't know maybe it's touristy for the tower Because the city is very welcoming Then I think he is the creator of the subway He's the one who created the metro in Paris but I'm not sure Sir welcome To whom the intelligent gratitude of the Parisian population has given the now imperishable name of father of the metropolitan Fulgence welcome A polytechnician a civil engineer and a Breton He dedicated 34 years of his life to the construction and development of the metro It was he who undermine that all lines would be independent So that travelers don't have to wonder where the train is going when it enters the station The entire set of lines once the current forecasts have been completed It will exceed 160 km for the urban network It will be more than 200 km after its extension into the suburban network The man is tenacious and only reasons in the long term In 1929 at the age of 77 he launched the major program to extend the subway lines into the suburbs Fulgence welcome is retiring at 80 years old and left behind one of the greatest urban achievements of the 20th century It's a feat as important I would say as today's moon landing isn't it Because we arrived in the Paris metro to perform technical feats underground An example of technical achievement Saint-Michel station It was here that the number 4 line was to cross the Seine They decided to create the elements of a metal station that would later be buried in the ground He had to find ingenious solutions once again Antoine Dupin territorial director at RATP For example to cross the Seine at Saint-Michel They built a freezing plant to freeze the soft ground beneath the Seine It was indeed necessary for the ground to be hard in order to dig a trench Designed to receive the huge casings that will become the tunnel under the Seine They had to submerge five caissons with a total length of more than 440 meters to create the tunnel It made a gloop gloop gloop sound This huge vessel descended like a ship's hull It was the hull of the Titanic that was going to settle itself deep into the location of the current channel Another example of ingenuity is Gare de l'Est station Here it was necessary to bring the subway under the railway station If we knew this column it would be very dangerous because it replaces one of the original building's pillars And thus it allows the metro to fit under the corner of the face This pillar is at the heart of the very complex system created between the metro station and the Eastern Station It took one of them to accept the other which was no small thing This station is the largest artistic work of its kind on the Paris metro network With actually very long metal spans that support the street of the road If I climbed four meters higher I would end up directly under the wheels of the taxis that are parked above Therefore we are at the heart of a very complex technical universe The designers of the metro took great pride in certain works that combined technical achievement with architectural beauty The Austerlitz Bridge is a fine example The challenge was to cross the Seine the Austerlitz port and the Rapée port over a distance of nearly 900 meters A 140-meter span between the two piers was built in 1903-1904 The Austerlitz Bridge thus surpassed the Alexandre III Bridge and its 107.5 meters of span Illuminated for its entry into the 21st century the Austerlitz Bridge will remain for a long time a model of the alliance between technical progress and aesthetics For more than a century designers engineers and workers have collaborated in developing the subway Named by exploring new techniques The major technical development at the end of the last century was the creation of the pneumatic subway We transitioned from the metro on rails to the metro on wheels and also from the automated metro since the RATP with line 14 was a pioneer in automated metro For all of this to work there needs to be a payment system and especially a very good organization Until the 1970s human presence was essential at all positions It will take decades for the machine gradually to take over certain functions For certain tasks the human was considered irreplaceable Until 1971 each train had a train captain who also served as a pusher when needed As for the controller he has always been very present Excuse me sir do you have a ticket please Here you go This is a second-class ticket But I have first-class tickets as well No sir first-class tickets are only valid if they have been checked at the station entrance I'm sorry you owe me 50 francs Madame your ticket please Thank you Ticket please Thank you Ticket When a passenger is not at ease it shows and makes the inspector's job easier Please sir you have a ticket Here it is You have a second-class ticket but you're in first class So that's 50 francs In such a large crowd there are certainly some cheaters But the controllers are watching A whirl of the mixer and everything is sorted When dealing with the public one learns to be philosophical Madame you know the world isn't everywhere And yet Paris keeps moving Over time payment methods have evolved The punch clock was replaced from 1972 by automatic tripod turnstiles 4 80Today the clerk is still there but for how long Because machines are becoming more present and more powerful To be a bus driver in the old days you had to know mechanics and be very familiar with your vehicle While on the way there's no need to call a tow truck Here as today being a bus driver has certain advantages Especially when assigned to certain lines In my opinion it's the most beautiful line because people are coming up from the Champs-Élysées In my opinion I've traveled a lot and I believe it's the most beautiful avenue in the world Finally I really like driving all through the winter season from December to January Because when there are all the lights and everything there are quite a few tourists and they are always amazed But even me who does it every year so for 25 years I'm still Finally it even happens to me sometimes to stop and take photos Hey some machinists are also photographers To be a tram driver one also had to be versatile and thoroughly know their vehicle Even if the tram was given priority in Paris it could not exceed 20 kilometers per hour It was also necessary to cautiously navigate theEMALE to avoid shaking the passengers too much Is driving a streetcar today easier or more complicated It's true that the first time I went for training I felt it was complicated Then actually with proper training it's simply driven The buttons you see are mainly the ones for controlling the traffic lights doors and the opening and closing of doors Underground other tracks other conductors Previously the subway driver had to be French have completed military service and be at least 1.60 meters tall He worked 9 hours and 45 minutes a day with one day off every eight days Today all of that has changed a bit It's changing more and more we're moving towards automation you don't need to get up But then we still keep a character let's say professional naturally There has never been a trouble-free means of transportation in Paris or anywhere else There are collisions mechanical failures trajectories that get wet more or less controlled slides fires starting derailments fog or the pilot's stick comes into play To avoid any unpleasant surprise it was enough to follow the stick Or even the floods like the 1910 flood The station master has always played a key role in security He ensures the connection with the line leader and the control post that responds in case of an incident 548 military school power cut Lamotte-Piquet-Madeleine section for smoke clearance at 434 Robert on roll number 23-27 head supervisor gives the order at 8:52 PM to restore power to the Lamotte-Piquet-Madeleine section the fuse is back in place Today it's the same principle with a bit more modern equipment There is no more advanced technology than the meteor line for example line 14 which is fully automated 500 000 passengers use it every day under the watchful eyes of the PCC the command and control center Number of metro passengers in 1900 17.7 million Number of passengers one year later nearly 60 million Number of passengers today nearly 1.5 billion per year But it was in 1945 the year the war ended that all records were broken with more than 1.5 billion passengers Here is the beautiful metro metro The face of the capital is not that of Pigalle Street It's this absent-minded gentleman who stands up and shouts my blood is flowing here The subway is a place of life Since its inception the Parisian metro has been frequented by musicians in search of artistic recognition and a place to express themselves Today 300 musicians are accredited and not just any of them I played the first parts of KJ Jones Nene Chérie All of that I mean comes from the subway It's a school a rehearsal space and a color a country the metro You really have to sing you know You have to try to catch each one each one that passes Because when you play a concert the people have paid so they come Absolutely they are going to see your concert it's bad or not bad But when you play in the subway it doesn't interest them That's it everyone passes by we're in a hurry And the one who stays who listens is that it really interests him that it really holds you And always Paris rolls on The subway is a closed world He needed openings to the outside Openings into the dream One of the solutions advertising Drawn by an extremely important captive audience In 1932 the metro carried just over 2 million passengers per day In 42 nearly three and a half million Twice around the world by connecting the daily routes of the trains in service Upon reaching a total of 80 000 kilometers There has always been a lot of traffic The heaviest traffic of the IRATP was after the war in 1945 And they found this major traffic peak in the years 98-2000 And it's certainly this audience that advertisers are looking for in these places Norbert Maer is the innovation director for Métrobus Advertising For him subway advertising has always met two imperatives The animation of places and profitability So the idea was obviously to bring life to the RATP side of the spaces And to value them obviously to have additional revenue beyond transportation revenue Some metro advertisements deserve a place in Parisian heritage Because the advertisement was not limited to just a poster There was paint on the walls there was tile There were many very different spaces The subway is a world a living space that must be maintained And at night always they polish and shine To avoid stress the metro universe should also be a place of pleasure But above all it must follow a logic Yo Caminagaï design manager at RATP I often compare the transportation space to a kind of theater stage where characters have to participate in a play A seat an information system signage and rolling stock All these elements are characters in the urban transportation scene That the traveler finally a spectator and a participant in the very spectacle watches Yes the subway is in a way a spectacle A spectacle that is not always easy to put on The difficulty is that these characters are created by directors from different eras And there may be several directors So in the end we are the directors of directors They coordinate all the characters so that the story is believable And that in the traveler's journey things follow each other in the most logical and easiest way possible Nothing is more logical than designing certain stations according to the surface level The Louvre station is exemplary A single foot out of the oar and the traveler already feels as if they are in one of the world's cultural sanctuaries Or at the Tuileries station considered a heritage station A mural depicting the story of each decade of the 20th century For the 1940s the meeting between Charlie Chaplin and Bécassine The Concorde station is covered in a giant Scrabble game Who gathers the letters of the Declaration of Human Rights The vault of Cluny-la-Sorbonne station is covered with the signatures of Latin Quarter celebrities Arts et Métiers is the entrance hall of the museum dedicated to science and technology We are transported into the universe of Jules Verne's Nautilus They are unmatched You can't visit Paris without noticing the curved lines of these Art Nouveau metro entrances They are designed by architect Hector Guimard He was working for the count of the Paris Metro company With a communication goal it is to give the metro an image which is an extremely modern image of a realized utopia Then the subway was scary Yes at first some thought Parisians would be afraid to take the subway It is one of the reasons why Guimard bet on an aesthetic that is reassuring But the Guimard style did not appeal to everyone And the one nicknamed the bard of Art Nouveau fut thanked by the Paris metro company in 1904 Today her work is part of the Parisian cultural heritage The elements of the 86 remaining entries out of the 141 that were built They are carefully maintained by companions who always have the original molds Don't look for them on the Paris map These stations called Martins-Nadeau called Axo called Arsenal These are stations that existed at a certain time and have closed These ghost stations sometimes they have never opened This is the case for example with the Axo station They built the platforms but never opened the stairs connecting them to the surface There is a red ghost station on line 10 Yes the Croix-Rouge station has been closed since 1939 and is now only visited by ghosts Ghosts who sometimes get the chance to learn about modern art and culture Despite everything this station as the volume is intact It is an opportunity to occasionally host cultural events Just like in the 80s here we have a beach And in 2008 there was an exhibition at the BNF After these demonstrations the Croix-Rouge station is returned to its ghosts We also have and that is important a Porte des Lilas station It is a station that is not in use and is used for filming movies When the Parisian metro appears in movies it's very likely the footage was shot here This station is certainly suitable according to the set the director wanted and it is thus used in two major films I'm thinking for example of La Grosse Caisse with Bourville who in the 1960s allowed people to discover the secrets of the subway Between film shoots the ghosts can rest easy because these stations are not open to the public But she has to keep a little of her secret this station It's more an atmosphere that you grasp with these images They live they are born and sometimes they also die A tribute to the heart of old Paris Here all faces are faces of the people The painter artists the musicians The people of shame the girls of nothing The same taste of being a village in the heart of old Paris Here the landscape enchants and awakens you The Sacred Heart the funicular the "I Love You" wall and the Place du Tertre This is not a mirage it is the soul of Paris And always Paris rolls on The singer Yves Montand said in La balade de Paris The years have passed quietly but Paris remained twenty The Seine has carved its bed between the gray quays of Paris One must believe that she is doing well there since she is still there today I am in love with you