EST 130 BASICS OF ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING || INDUCTORS || KTU

Hi All, Welcome to the 5th lecture of Basic Electronics. Today we are discussing about Inductance. So what is Inductor? If we take a current carrying conductor, if current flows through that current carrying conductor, a magnetic field is generated in it. If current flows through a current carrying conductor, a magnetic field is generated there. This magnetic field tries to oppose the change in current. What does this magnetic field react? To keep the current constant, or to keep it steady, the magnetic field reacts. So if current flows through a current carrying conductor, what will form there? A magnetic field will form. That magnetic field tries to oppose the change in current. This magnetic field tries to oppose the change in current. This is what we call Inductance. A phase develops there. We call that phase as Induced EMF. That is the first point. When a current flows through a current carrying conductor, it generates a magnetic field. When a current flows through a current carrying conductor, what does it generate? It generates a magnetic field. This magnetic field reacts so as to oppose any change in current flowing through the conductor. If there is any change in current, this magnetic field tries to oppose it. This reaction of magnetic field trying to keep current flowing at a steady rate is known as Inductance. This reaction of magnetic field is known as current flowing at a steady rate. Trying to keep current flowing at a steady rate. This is what we call Inductance. The phase that develops there is known as Induced EMF. Inductor is a passive component. Inductance is a passive electronic component. The electronic component producing Inductance is called Inductor. The electronic component producing Inductance is called Inductor. The unit that measures Inductance is called Henry. It is denoted by H. When we studied capacitor, we learned that capacitor is used to store energy. Similarly, Inductor is used to store energy. Inductor is used to store energy. Inductor stores energy in the form of magnetic field. If we take a wire loop or a coil, it works as an Inductor. There are some physical parameters that affect the inductance of a coil. Let's see what they are. One of them is the number of turns of a coil. The first one is the number of turns of a coil. The second one is the diameter of the coil. The third one is the length of the coil. The fourth one is the type of material used in the core. The fourth one is the length of the coil. The fifth one is the type of material used in the core. The number of layers of winding in the coils. These are the parameters that affect the inductance of a coil. As we said earlier, whenever current through an Inductor changes, a counter EMF is set up in the coil. What is developed in it? An EMF is developed. Which opposes this change? The EMF opposes the current change. This property is known as Inductance. This property is called Inductance or Self Inductance. Whenever a change occurs in the current, a counter EMF is set up. This property is known as Inductance or Self Inductance. Inductance, area of cross section, length of a core, number of turns, are all related to each other. Inductance is the length of an Inductor, area of an Inductance, area of a core, length of a core, number of turns length of a coil L is equal to mu zero mu r a n square divided by L. Mu zero and mu r are absolute and relative permittivity of core material. Counter EMF is set inside the inductor. When a current I amperes flows through an inductor L, E is equal to L into dI by dt. E is the EMF developed in the inductor. L is the inductance. dI by dt is the change in current. One Henry is the inductance which the coil has when a current changing at a rate of 1 ampere per second passes through the coil and set up the EMF of 1 volt. Inductance is the property of inductors by which it opposes any change in current flow through it. Inductance can be classified into two types. Fixed inductor and variable inductor. Fixed inductor is classified as air core and cord inductor. Variable inductor is classified as slack tuned inductor and tapped inductor. Fixed inductor is classified as air core, iron core and ferrite core. A type of inductor or wire coil without a magnetic core in the coil is known as air core inductor or air coil inductor. These types of inductors are utilized whenever the amount of inductance is less required. The lack of core losses permits air core inductors to function at maximum frequencies and it is suitable for radio frequency or high frequency applications. Fixed inductor is classified as iron core inductor. Iron is a ferromagnetic material which provides the easier path for magnetic flux produced by AC following through the coil and do not leak to outside of the coil. Air core inductor is classified as low value inductor. Iron core inductor is classified as high value inductor. Iron core inductor is also known as choke. Fixed inductor is classified as air core inductor. Fixed inductor is classified as ferrite core inductor. When iron oxide is sintered with other metal ions to control the magnetic properties, ferrite is prepared. When the coil of wire is wound on a solid core made up of ferrite, it exhibits minimum eddy current loss. High magnetic permeability is the advantage of ferrite. Ferrite core can be used from audio to radio frequencies up to 100 MHz. Air core inductor has no core losses even at high frequencies. Iron core coil losses are minimal at low or audio frequencies, but becomes considerable at high frequencies, even when iron core is laminated. Iron core inductor losses are minimal at low or audio frequencies, but becomes considerable at high frequencies, even when iron core is laminated. Ferrite core coils have high inductance value with minimum eddy current and hysteresis loss, even at very high frequencies. The built-in antennas used in transistor radios have ferrite core. Ferrite core coils have iron core. Variable inductors have ferrite core. The working principle of variable inductor is that it allows the user to control the inductance by simply changing the ferrite core position. Inductance of the variable inductor is adjusted continuously. When ferrite core is moved very deeper into coil, then it enhances the permeability and the inductance. Similarly, moving the ferrite core out of the coil will reduce the permeability and inductance. Ferrite core is like a screw. Next one is Types of Variable Inductors We have already seen that there are two types of variable inductors Slug 2 and Tapped Variable Inductors First, let's see what is Tapped Variable Inductor What we have used in Tapped Variable Inductor? We have used ferrite core If we cover the ferrite core completely The inductance value will be maximum If we move the ferrite core here or there The inductance value will be maximum Tapped Variable Inductor is a coil To which electrical contact is accessible at more points What we can get from these points? We can get electrical contact This inductor mainly includes a coil with a huge number of turns These inductors are wounded on a magnetic core with a preferred number of tappings These inductors are wounded on a magnetic core with a preferred number of tappings Here a tap is a conducting wire that is taken out from the coil at a preferred distance because of which different mutual inductance can be attained over similar inductor We can get different inductance values from this inductor This is Tapped Variable Inductor What is Slag Tuned Inductor? This is also a category of Variable Inductor Slag Tuned Inductor This is a Modifiable Ferrite Core Inductor Slag Tuned Variable Inductor Based on ferrite core moving in or out of the coil winding the inductance value of the inductor increases or decreases The inductance value of the ferrite core moving in or out of the coil winding the inductance value of the ferrite core moving in or out of the coil winding This inductor construction is same as the Fixed Ferrite Core Inductor except core is modifiable This is the same as the Fixed Ferrite Core Inductor The only difference is the core or ferrite core is modifiable That means we can move the ferrite core When slag is moved into the winding of the coil then the value of inductance will be increased and tuning circuit's resonant frequency will be decreased When slag is moved into the winding of the coil then the value of inductance will be increased When slag is moved into the winding of the coil then the value of inductance will be increased and tuning circuit's resonant frequency will be decreased That means we can adjust the movable core by moving it up or down with the help of a screwdriver We can adjust the movable core and increase or decrease the inductance value That is the slag tuned inductor Next are the specifications of the inductor First one is the value of the inductance The value is in henry Inductance is the ability to oppose the change in current SI unit of inductance is henry Inductance in henry is the rate of change of current in the circuit is 1 ampere per second and this results an emf of 1 volt Next is the current rating Current rating is another important specification Inductor is having a maximum current rating which specifies maximum continuous current that can be safely applied to a component The current rating specifies the maximum current that can be applied to an inductor If more current is applied to an inductor, the coil will be damaged This is the normal current rating 100 milli ampere, 1 ampere, 2.5 ampere, 10 ampere This is the normal current rating If more current is applied to an inductor, the temperature will increase Next is the DC resistance DC resistance is another important inductor parameter DC resistance is used to determine the thickness of the wire to be used in the winding Next is the frequency range Frequency range is the range of frequencies over which the inductor can be used Next is the loss factor Loss factor is the reciprocal of the quality factor of an inductor Quality factor is the region or frequency range where an inductor gives maximum impedance Loss factor is the reciprocal of quality factor and indicates the losses across the winding resistance of the coil Next is core permeability Core permeability is related to the geometry of the inductor Higher the permeability of core materials results in inductor providing higher level of inductance Core shape, size and geometry affect the overall permeability Next is the comparison between capacitor and inductor Capacitor blocks DC and inductor blocks AC Capacitor cannot change voltage instantaneously Inductor cannot change current instantaneously Capacitor produces large current Inductor produces large current Capacitor stores energy in electric field Inductor stores energy in magnetic field Capacitor leads current to voltage Inductor leads current to voltage Capacitor leads current to voltage Inductor leads current to voltage Reactance is inversely proportional to frequency of operation Capacitor stores energy in half CV square Inductor stores energy in half Li square Inductor, Inductance, Types of Inductors, Inductor Specifications