【P63】被美國人嫌棄的空中蛇王P63戰鬥機，到了蘇聯人手裏變成香餑餑|沒有在戰場上浴血殺敵，卻一再高喊“向我開炮”的有人靶機——P63戰鬥機

In 1941, Germany launched Operation Barbarossa , which brazenly tore up the non-aggression agreement and launched a massive attack on the Soviet Union. The Soviet Union was caught off guard in the early days of the war. In September of that year, 1.5 million square kilometers of land was occupied, and about 75 million people fell behind the enemy. The Soviet Union lost. In the first five months of the war, the Soviets lost 20,000 tanks , 23,000 aircraft, and 12,000 anti-tank guns . In August 1941, the United States began to provide weapons and materials to the Soviet Union, alleviating the urgent need for assistance. Fighters accounted for a large proportion of the materials, but it was rare that the Soviet pilots were satisfied. Of course, there was one exception , and that was Bell Aircraft Company's P-39 "Flying Snake" fighter, because at that time the United States had a variety of new fighters to choose from. Such as P38, P47, P51, etc. Therefore , the P-39 was not popular in the US military, so the out-of-favor P-39 was downgraded as a trainer and was responsible for training new pilots in the United States. The Soviet Union's P-39 was frequently reported on the Eastern Front, and Stalin asked the United States to continue to produce an improved version of the P39 "Flying Snake". This is our protagonist today, the P63 "King Cobra" fighter . The flat-wing piston fighter is mainly manufactured for the Soviet Union under the Lend-Lease agreement. It is also the only model "King Cobra " that has been put into mass production among the 9 new single-seat fighters developed by the United States in the two years since its entry into the war. The plan for the XP-39E was launched at the same time as the "Flying Snake" fighter with a laminar flow wing . The prototype of the XP-39E began to fly in early 1942. It has a laminar airfoil , a flat tail and an Eisenley V -1710-47 engine , but the test flight of the XP-63 prototype was not so smooth. The first two prototypes were stopped due to accidents. In the end , the two XP-39Es were modified to become the XP-63 prototypes. Fortunately , the first The three prototypes XP-63A flew successfully on April 26, 1943. It was equipped with a V-1710-93 engine with a take- off power of 1325 hp and a power of 1150 hp at an altitude of 6830 meters. The overall layout of the "King Cobra" and The P-39 is similar with the Allison engine behind the pilot, the front three-point landing gear , and a 37mm nose cannon and two 12.7mm nose machine guns. However, the larger P-63 fighter has a flat trailing-edge tail and is more Wide wings and four-bladed propellers distinguishable from the P-39 Loads include 40kg of armor 379 liters of internal fuel and pylons for a 272kg bomb or a 284 liter drop tank under the fuselage P-63" glasses Production version of the "King Snake " began delivery in October 1943. Armor and external loads continued to increase on various batches of aircraft from P-63A-1 to P-63A-10 . In addition to the gun and two 12.7mm machine guns, there is also a 12.7mm machine gun under each wing and four machine guns with a total of 900 rounds of ammunition . The 58 rounds of the 63A-9 's 663-liter conformal transfer fuel tank mounted under the belly can be replaced by a 272-kg bomb or a 284-liter drop tank , while the "King Cobra" aircraft starting with the P-63A-6 have the outer wing of the Pylon can hang drop tanks or two additional 272kg bombs Armor weight on A-5, A-8, A-9 and A-10 increased to 81.3kg , 88.8kg, 90.5kg and 121kg for P-63 fighter jets respectively 1 crew , 9.96 meters long , 3.84 meters high, 11.68 meters wingspan , 2892 kg empty weight, 4763 kg maximum take-off weight, 660 km/h maximum flight speed, 354 km maximum range P-63A is equipped with a V-1710-117 engine 406 liters of internal fuel and 91.2 kg of armor with an extended fin under the tail USAAF used early P- 63As 2456 King Cobras to the Soviet Union 300 P-63Cs to France and two P-63As Aircraft An improved version of the "King Cobra" aircraft was tested in England in 1945. The P-63C was equipped with a V-1710-109 engine and modified wings. The P-63C fighter was produced in two major series of C-1 The series is a multi-purpose belly pylon that can carry additional fuel tanks or bombs under the C-5's wings. Two additional pylons can carry three 227kg bombs or three additional 284L fuel tanks . One and only P-63D aircraft had a traditional blister canopy, but 73 of the heavier P-63Es, which began test flights in May of the same year, had standard cockpits and equipment. The USAF will add about 300 more. The P-63 was converted into a manned target drone that can act as a bomber gunner. The number is RP-63 . Here we briefly talk about the appearance and role of the target drone . In the middle and late World War II, the Allies turned to the strategic offensive and began to use heavy bombers to bomb Japan and Germany. At this time , the biggest enemy of the bomber is the opponent's fighter. Although the Allies have long-range fighters such as P-38 and P-47 to provide protection for them, their range is not comparable to that of long-range bombers such as the B-29. Most of the time, the huge and expensive air giants have to rely only on their own machine guns and machine guns to escort themselves. Under such circumstances, the battle damage rate of the aircraft is very high, sometimes even reaching more than 20%. Facing such huge losses What to do? The quickest way is to improve the combat level of the air crew , especially the machine gun and machine gun shooters. However, during World War II, there were no flight simulators at all . The training of fighter jets could allow the pilots to drive the plane to the sky , turn somersaults and hold a big top. However, the training of bomber gunners can only be to use turrets or machine guns to hit straight targets in the air. When the U.S. military is having a lot of headaches, I don’t know which master came up with an idea to let the bomber pilots use a kind of fragile bullet in the air. To shoot a modified manned drone in the air . First, a fragile bullet made of resin was invented. After that, I began to look for a plane that could advance under the fire of my own people. Everyone 's eyes fell. First of all, because it is useless in the front line , and then because its engine is very tightly wrapped in the middle of the fuselage, which is relatively safe. As a result , a large number of bad luck P-63 were dismantled . The weapons and armor were added, and the number was changed to RP-63. Since the RP-63 was equipped with nearly a ton of armor, the cockpit cover was also reinforced, so the operators inside were in a relatively safe environment. Like the drones, the RP-63 is also painted with orange paint. They have become an unprecedented type of aircraft in the history of human warfare. The manned drones have produced more than 300 RP-63s of various types. The four aviation regiments equipped with "King Cobra" participated in the offensive against Japan in 1945. Among them , the 410th and 888th Fighter Regiment of the 10th Air Force participated in Kamchatka. The 781st 940th Fighter Regiment of the 12th Air Force is stationed in Mongolia. These regiments are equipped with a total of 137 P-63s , so it can be said that 95% of the "King Cobras" equipped by the Soviet Air Force did not participate in World War II. It seems that they are special I cherish these fighter jets and are reluctant to send them to carry out combat missions . It can be said that the P-63 "King Cobra" was the best fighter jet provided by the United States to the Soviet Union during the war. The overall performance of both flight performance and combat power exceeded all the Soviet Air Force had in early 1945 . Fighter aircraft Since the end of World War II, the United States stopped providing relevant spare parts after all the provisions of the Lend - Lease Act. Beginning in 1949, the Soviet Air Force banned the P-63 from using the maximum power state. The "King Snake" could be equipped until 1953. Interestingly , the last P-63 "King Cobra" was scrapped almost at the same time as the La-11 fighter. The Soviet Supreme Command believed that after defeating Germany, the Soviet Union was likely to break out with its former anti-fascist allies . Conflict so the Soviet Air Force had to be careful with these advanced American fighter jets so that when war broke out they could play their special role against American and British air power . Air Force standard livery , with a red star emblem on the fuselage, and a drop tank mounted under the wing to increase the range . These fighter jets are equipped with a radio compass , which is a circular antenna at the rear of the cockpit. This advanced airborne equipment was used in Soviet fighter jets at the time. None of them were equipped with the 37mm large-caliber artillery from the P39 to the P63 . The damage caused by a single shot left a deep impression on the Soviets, so almost all the jet fighters developed after the war continued this design . The fighter jets all use large-caliber artillery , and the smallest caliber is also a 20mm cannon. It can be seen that the Soviets love large-caliber artillery. Although the United States was finally willing to give P38, P47 and other excellent fighter jets to the Soviet Union in the later period of the war, the Soviets still disliked their firepower. The caliber of the machine gun is too small , or the P39 P63 incense in your hand. This is the end of the video in this issue . Please continue to pay attention to us . You can watch the latest video and browse past highlights . Please leave a message in the comment area . See you in the next issue