【元雜劇】趙氏孤兒.說破 |百部經典中國戲曲(4）|張學津、張學治 | #元曲 #詩詞 #紀君祥 #散曲 #元雜劇 #京剧

赵氏孤儿|Zhao the Orphan|百部经典中国戏曲(4）|100 Classic Chinese Xiqu(4)|京剧|Peking Opera|张学津|张学治

# 京剧#戏曲#国粹京剧 #百部经典中国戏曲
#xiqu #pekingopera #china #chineseculture

《赵氏孤儿大报仇》（又名《冤报冤赵氏孤儿》、《赵氏孤儿冤报冤》，简称《赵氏孤儿》）是元代纪君祥创作的杂剧，全剧五折一楔子。
剧演春秋时晋国上卿赵盾遭到大将军屠岸贾的诬陷，全家三百余口被杀。为斩草除根，屠岸贾下令在全国范围内搜捕赵氏孤儿赵武。赵家门客程婴与老臣公孙杵臼定计，救出赵武。为救护赵武，先后有晋公主、韩厥、公孙杵臼献出生命。二十年后，赵武由程婴抚养长大，尽知冤情，禀明国君，亲自拿住屠岸贾并处以极刑，终于为全家报仇。
该剧的人物形象的塑造颇具特色，剧中的一批正面人物形象，作者赋予他们不畏强权、见义勇为、视死如归的崇高品格。他们的性格，是在剧情的展示和尖锐的矛盾冲突中加以凸显的，真实感人。
该剧被列为元杂剧四大悲剧之一。 意大利、法国、德国的剧作家都有根据该剧改编的剧作上演。

Peking Opera, also known as Beijing Opera, is a traditional form of Chinese theater that originated in the late 18th century. It is a highly stylized and visually striking art form that combines elements of singing, dancing, acting, and acrobatics.
Peking Opera features a repertoire of stories and plays drawn from Chinese history, folklore, and classical literature. The performances are characterized by elaborate costumes, intricate makeup, and stylized movements. The actors are trained in specific skills such as singing, speaking, martial arts, and acrobatics, and they often specialize in specific roles, such as male or female characters, clowns, or villains.
The vocal style in Peking Opera is unique, combining singing and speaking in a rhythmic manner. The actors use a variety of vocal techniques, including falsetto, vibrato, and melisma, to convey emotions and portray different characters. The music is accompanied by traditional Chinese instruments, such as the erhu (a two-stringed fiddle) and the jinghu (a high-pitched two-stringed instrument).
In addition to the singing and acting, Peking Opera is known for its highly stylized movements and gestures. The actors use symbolic hand gestures, known as "mudras," to represent emotions, actions, or objects. The performers also employ acrobatic skills, including flips, jumps, and other physical feats, to add excitement and spectacle to the performances.
Peking Opera has a rich cultural heritage in China and is considered one of the national treasures of Chinese performing arts. It has influenced other forms of Asian theater and has been recognized by UNESCO as an Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity. Despite its historical roots, Peking Opera continues to be performed and appreciated by audiences in China and around the world.