【“出雲”驅逐艦】日本改造後的“出雲”號驅逐艦，是否能成爲真正意義上的航母？|撕下直升機驅逐艦的面具，“出雲”號變裝輕型航母。

As a defeated country, Japan has been subject to the "Peace Constitution" and the suppression of the United States since World War II. Its military development is mainly defensive. In recent years, with the relaxation of US control and Japan's pursuit of offensive capabilities, Japan proposed the idea of ​​"offensive defense" December 2018 Japan released a new version of the "Defense Plan Outline" and officially proposed to convert the "Izumo" helicopter destroyer into a "multi-purpose defensive aircraft carrier" and equipped with F-35B fighter jets . The "Izumo" has not undergone major changes, but there has always been a question from the outside world whether the " Izumo " is an aircraft carrier or not . The "Cloud" class helicopter destroyer is a large helicopter destroyer built by the Japan Maritime Self-Defense Force. It is also the largest combat ship in the history of the Maritime Self-Defense Force. There are two ships in this class . The first ship, 22DDH , was allocated a defense budget in 2010. The first ship was launched on August 6, 2013, and was named "Izumo" after the ancient country of Japan . The ship of this class is larger than the previous " Hyuga " class except for the size of the hull . It also has amphibious troop transport capabilities and maritime supply capabilities that the "Hyuga" class does not have. Amphibious troop ro-ro hatches are installed on the broadside and longitudinal fuel supply facilities are located at the stern. The multi- mission capability has been greatly improved . September 2014 "Izumo" ” left the outfitting dock for the first time and went to the open sea for sea trials . In March 2015, it was delivered to the Japan Maritime Self-Defense Force at the Yokohama Isogo Plant of Ocean United Corporation and held a ceremony for the delivery of the ship. It became the new flagship of the first escort group No. 2 hull 2015 Completed in February 2015 Launched on August 27, 2015 Named "Kaga" Inherited the Pearl Harbor incident of World War II One of the assault aircraft carriers "Kaga" The aircraft carrier name "Izumo" class is an enlarged and improved version of the "Hyuga" class Still using the all-pass flight deck, starboard island and other types of aircraft carrier layout, the entire length of the ship is increased to 248 meters, the flight deck is 38 meters wide, the draft is 7.5 meters, the size is almost 50% larger than the "Hyuga" class, and it can accommodate 14 helicopters. Take off and land 5 at the same time The helicopter has a standard displacement of 19,500 tons , and its full-load displacement of 27,000 tons exceeds that of the Italian Navy's 13,800-ton "Garibaldi" aircraft carrier, Spain 's 17,000-ton "Prince of Asturias" aircraft carrier and the British Royal Navy's 2.1 The 10,000- ton "invincible" class aircraft carrier has four LM-2500 gas turbines as the main engine, with a single engine power of 33,600 horsepower, which maintains its maximum speed at 30 knots. The ship 's power is provided by LM-500 gas turbine generators for each unit The power of the "Izumo" class is about 6,000 horsepower . No matter the design or the design of the weapons and equipment, the "Izumo" class is infinitely close to the aircraft carrier. Compared with the "Hyuga" class, the "Izumo" class has stronger point defense capabilities. It is equipped with 2 "Ram" short-range air defense missiles. system and 2 dense Array close-range defense weapon system These two close-range defense systems use a common base and electronic components. These four weapons are respectively installed on the outboard platform on the right side of the bottom of the front island, the port outboard platform at the front of the hull, and on both sides of the stern . It is worth noting that the Hyuga class has a missile launcher on the front of the flight deck, which would hinder the operation of fixed-wing aircraft, while the Izumo class has all melee systems mounted on the side. It will have an impact on the flight deck, making it more like the characteristics of the modern aircraft carrier "Izumo" class. It is also reflected in its aircraft carrying capacity. Its flight deck and hangar layout are obviously not satisfied with carrying helicopters. It can also carry fixed-wing fighter jets and rotors . The aircraft and even the UAV are different from the one elevator of the "Hyuga" and "Izumo", which is moved from the center line of the flight deck to the edge of the deck . The width of the deck is significantly increased , and the number of elevators that provide ammunition for the fleet on the flight deck is also increased by 2 In addition , the "Izumo" class has additional vehicle roll armor plates that the "Hyuga" class does not have. It can accommodate 50 3.5-ton trucks. The ship can also store 3,300 tons of fuel for resupply. It can be used for 3 Maritime Self-Defense Force destroyers. Carrying out marine fuel supply, the ship has 470 officers and soldiers and can carry another 500 personnel. There are also data that the "Izumo" class can accommodate up to 4,000 people. With the rapid changes in the defense situation in the waters near Japan, the Japanese cabinet officially approved in December 2018 that " Izumo-class helicopter destroyer converted into an aircraft carrier capable of carrying F-35B fighter jets with short take-off capabilityDecember 30, 2019 Japan 's Ministry of Defense approved the budget for fiscal year 2020 to provide financial support for the upgrade of the Izumo-class although The "Izumo" was designed as early as the beginning of the project to have the ability to carry large fixed- wing aircraft, but for the heavy vertical short take-off and landing multi-role fighter such as the F-35B , a large number of modifications still need to be carried out, mainly including deck redesign. One of the most important projects to convert the Izumo class into a real aircraft carrier is to strengthen the flight deck to carry the weight of the F-35B fighter and the heat flow from the engines during vertical landing . Its bow is retrofitted with a ski-jump deck. The ski- jump deck can be modularized and constructed on land. The cost is about 6.1 million yuan . Considering that the weight of the ski-jump platform may be around 500 tons , the hull of the "Izumo" class also needs to be modified. For example The strength of the bow is reinforced. At the same time, due to the forward tilt of the center of gravity , it is necessary to increase the weight of the stern by about 1,000 tons . To maintain the balance of the ship , the "Izumo" class not only needs to increase the bow , but also needs to expand the internal division of the ship to increase the applicability of carrier-based aircraft. The main engine needs to be modified in order to maintain the originally planned speed. Although the "Izumo" deck has sufficient heat resistance to withstand the residual temperature of the V-22 "Osprey" , considering that the residual temperature of the V-22 is much lower than that of the F- 35B lift fan and main nozzle during vertical take-off and landing Due to the high temperature of the gas flow, it is necessary to carry out heat-resistant modification of the flight deck coating. The "Izumo" has completed the first stage of modification in July 2021, including deck marking lines and heat-resistant coating . The hangar modification is "Izumo". The focus of the refit of the "Izumo" aircraft carrier is that because the F-35B's requirements for equipment maintenance, fuel , and ammunition storage system testing capabilities are much higher than those of the traditional anti-submarine helicopters carried by the "Izumo", a comprehensive transformation is required, including increasing aviation fuel and aircraft ammunition. Storage space Install special maintenance and testing equipment Reinstall various damage control, temperature control, transfer systems, etc. It is estimated that the number of F- 35Bs of the refitted "Izumo" is about 10. On the one hand, it is due to the transformation of the hangar. On the other hand , the reduction of warehouse space is due to the need to retain several helicopters for conventional helicopter destroyer missions . It is also reported that the modified "Izumo" class can carry up to 28 fighters of various types, including 12 F-35B fighters and 8 V- 22 "Osprey" transport aircraft and 8 anti-submarine search and rescue helicoptersOctober 3, 2021 With the assistance of the US military stationed in Japan, two F-35Bs of the Marine Corps affiliated to Iwakuni Base were dispatched to successfully take off and land the "Izumo" flight deck a total of four times The initial take-off and landing verification of the aircraft carrier was completed. Japanese Defense Minister Nobuo Kishi announced at a press conference that the Maritime Self-Defense Force frigate "Izumo", which is being converted into an aircraft carrier, has implemented short-distance take-off and vertical landing operations in the waters of Shikoku. The U.S. Marine Corps' stealth fighter F-35B conducts take-off and landing tests. It is said that the purpose is to sort out the problems for the introduction of the F-35B for the Air Self-Defense Force and confirm that it can take off and land . After the transformation of the "Izumo", its combat capability will have a qualitative leap in the past " The "Izumo" is equipped with helicopters, and the combat radius is small . After carrying the fixed-wing F-35B carrier-based aircraft, the "Izumo" combat radius can be expanded from more than 200 kilometers to about 900 kilometers. This is a considerable combat radius , which means "Izumo" It can attack land and sea targets far away from the coast. In addition , the "Izumo" was unable to deal with some large destroyers in the past. With the F-35B, it can carry out strike operations against large destroyers, frigates or amphibious ships. The capability has taken a big step. At the same time, the F-35B can also conduct joint operations with many ships, which will greatly enhance its combat capabilities. The reason why many people still do not agree that the "Izumo" is an aircraft carrier is mainly because in their opinion Only the aviation platform that can carry fixed-wing carrier-based aircraft can be regarded as an aircraft carrier , and the aviation platform carrying helicopters cannot be regarded as an aircraft carrier, but no matter what it is called, it adopts all-pass deck, right-side ship island, hangar under the deck , aircraft elevator, etc. Standard aircraft carrier shape and structure The designed "Izumo" indeed has the function of an aircraft carrier. This is the end of the video in this issue. 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