5 The Ways Traditional Chinese Architecture is presented 中国传统建筑类型与艺术风格（上）

Above, we mainly introduced some of the composition principles of Chinese traditional wooden architecture and some of its artistic characteristics, so that we have a grasp of the formation of an architecture. Next, we will focus on some of the important characteristics of Chinese traditional architecture in terms of its presentation. This is related to what I introduced earlier, and corresponds to each other. Because we know that Chinese traditional architecture uses wooden structures for construction, the only limitation is that the material is limited. It is not easy for a wooden structure to form a very large architectural structure. It is limited by its material. However, in real life, it may be necessary to build a very large architectural scale to meet the political, economic, cultural, and everyday needs. This creates a contradiction. How to solve this contradiction? In ancient China, the single building was combined into a courtyard to form an architectural group to meet the different architectural needs above. This is a very important feature of Chinese architecture. Because when we understand the history of world architecture, we know that Western architecture uses concrete structures and curved techniques. For example, a church or a palace may have a very large architectural scale to meet its complex public needs. However, after China adopted the form of wooden architecture, it was limited by its material. In order to meet the same complex needs, it adopted another method of processing. This is the group combination method we are going to introduce. In other words, the single building is combined into a courtyard, and the courtyard is formed into an architectural group to form an architectural group of a certain scale. First, let's take a look at how this architectural group is organized. The simplest component of an architectural group is the courtyard. The courtyard has its own internal order in the construction of Chinese architecture. In simple terms, it is to build a symmetrical single building and build a main building on the main axis. It can be a main hall or a main room. Then, on the opposite sides of the axis, we build a side hall or a side room. On the opposite side of the main hall, we build a front hall. In addition, we build a wall or a corridor to form an internal courtyard. This form is a component of the Chinese traditional architectural group. According to the different needs, it can develop along this axis, forming a courtyard that is one step closer to the main axis. If the courtyard is not satisfied with the main axis, it can be connected horizontally. If the courtyard is not satisfied with the main axis, it can be extended horizontally. In this way, a very large architectural group is formed. This kind of courtyard combination has great superiority in Chinese traditional society. This superiority is closely related to Chinese traditional society. It satisfies the ethical system of Chinese traditional society, the ethical system of the ethnic group, the social etiquette, the social class, and the social human relations. At the same time, it also meets the living requirements of anti-sand, wind and dust. On the other hand, this kind of combination is very widely used. It can meet the actual needs of the place through the internal construction, the construction volume, the way of construction, the material, and some changes in the way of encirclement. The different processes of the courtyard can meet the different needs of different regions. Therefore, in Chinese traditional society, whether it is a palace, a temple, a ancestral hall, or a common residence, they all adopt this kind of combination of courtyards. However, in the composition of the courtyard, some changes and adjustments are made. For example, in the layout of the temple, through this kind of combination of courtyards, the layout of the courtyard is gradually changed. The layout of the courtyard changes to reach the whole atmosphere. Generally speaking, the main hall or the main temple is at the center of this group of buildings. In the whole composition of the courtyard, it also follows a certain rule. As we mentioned just now, the contrast with Western architecture is often based on the volume of the building, the magnificent volume of the building, to show its grandeur and strength. In Chinese traditional architecture, in the combination of courtyards, it is not based on volume, but on its spatial sequence. Through this spatial contrast, its gradual changes highlight the magnificence and elegance of its main buildings. There are some very delicate practices in it. For example, at the beginning of this series, some symbolic and rendering buildings are rendered to show the beginning of the series of buildings. So, some buildings in this spatial space, such as the Que, which is an ancient gate, a special gate, the Hua Biao, which is a pillar-shaped building. For example, the Pai Fang, which is a transparent, similar to a door, and the Zhao Bi, which is a door-shaped building. They are rendered to show the spatial space, to show the special atmosphere. For example, the lions, the Kylin, these sculptures can also play a role in showing the spatial space. The reaction of the picture is the Pai Fang, with the wooden Pai Fang and the stone Pai Fang. It is a foreshortening of the spatial sequence, to show the beginning of the series of buildings. The lions and the Hua Biao in the picture are all a limitation of the spatial space of a building. Before entering an important spatial sequence, there is often a door, or an important door-shaped building. For example, the Five Gates of the Forbidden City of Beijing is the main gate of the whole project. In order to show the importance of the spatial space, its high status, the function of the gate is built on a large platform to show the importance of the spatial space and the importance of the building. This is often the process of the entrance of an important building. There is also a large or important group of buildings, which is often composed of multiple buildings. This group of buildings is arranged in a vertical space, which is very deep. The architectural space of China is like the painting of China. It is a scroll painting. In order to show the importance of the spatial space, you have to walk through the courtyard and change the space. In the end, you have to get close to the main space and the main building, so as to highlight the purpose of the main building, instead of relying on the absolute volume of the main building. In the process of walking, what does the change of space depend on? It depends on the shape of each courtyard, whether it is open or suppressed, and the change of the architectural shape of the courtyard to form the climax of the spatial series. In the process of forming this series, the elevation of the ground is also used. The ground is gradually elevated from the front to the back, and the climax is formed at the most important architectural position. In the process of western processing, the important buildings are often the largest in volume. Therefore, the attached buildings on both sides and the protected buildings are like the central park to support the main building and highlight the importance and end of the main building This is a prominent performance in the ancient Chinese architectural group. In addition, the ancient Chinese architectural group is like the central park to support the main building. At the climax of the main building, the spatial processing is continued. After the main space, there is a sound to form the ups and downs of the entire park. In fact, the performance in the space is like the rhythm of music. The atmosphere of the building is expressed by the method of space. We can see the artistic characteristics of the park group through the different performances of some types of buildings.