Verben mit „raten“: So benutzt du sie richtig! (Deutsch B2, C1)

Raten, abraten, geraten, anraten, verraten, beraten, erraten. What do all these verbs mean with raten, exactly? You've asked me that more often, and today I'll give you the answers. The basic verb raten has two very different meanings. To advise someone means to give someone an advice. To give someone a recommendation. To tell someone what to do or not to do. For example, I advise you to prepare yourself well for the interview. So I give you this tip or this recommendation. Prepare yourself well. Or, the doctor advised me to work less. So the doctor advised me to work less. Or, my job is too stressful. I think I'll quit soon. I would advise you to talk to your boss first. Maybe you'll find a solution. So I recommend that you talk to your boss first. And the second meaning of raten is completely different. Guess how old she is. Hmm, maybe 35? Raten means to find the right answer to a question by thinking or guessing. I don't know the answer, but I'm trying to find it out. Another example. How high is the Eiffel Tower? Hmm, I don't know. I can only guess. 400 meters? I guess it's 400 meters high. So that's my guess. In the colloquial language we sometimes hear sentences like this. Guess who called me today. No idea. Who? With this guess I say, you won't believe who called me today. You'll be amazed when I tell you who called me. I advise you to travel to Rome in August. It's much too hot there in the high summer. If you advise someone to do something, you advise them not to do something. So that's the opposite of advising someone to do something. Here I say, don't go to Rome in August. It's too hot. Another example. The doctor advised me to have an operation. That means the doctor thinks I shouldn't have an operation. He doesn't think it's a good idea. The verb to advise someone to do something means the same as to advise someone to do something. But it's only used very rarely, because it sounds much more formal than to advise. Here's an example sentence. I would like to advise you to make an appointment in time. That's a very formal-sounding sentence. I say here, I recommend that you make an appointment in time. I also think that advising sounds a bit stricter than advising. I personally never use this verb. But here's another example. She advised me not to use too many complicated technical terms in the presentation. Sometimes we also see this verb in its substantiated form. That's very practical. Here, for example. I started with the sport on the doctor's advice. That means, because the doctor advised me, I started with the sport. Let's continue with the verb to advise someone. When I advise someone, I usually give the person information on a specific topic in a slightly longer conversation. I also give the person recommendations on this topic and make suggestions. I know the topic well myself or I have more experience with it than the other person. We can say, the saleswoman in the shoe store advised me very well. So, the saleswoman helped me and told me which shoes are the right ones for me and which ones I shouldn't buy. Or, you know a lot about computers. I want to buy a new one soon. Can you advise me? So, you know more about computers than I do. Can you give me recommendations? Advising has another meaning, which we see here. The ministers have been advising for four hours on the draft law. Advising on a topic. That means talking about a topic and exchanging opinions. In this meaning, advising is also often used reflexively. We then say, I consulted with a colleague before I answered the customer. That means, I talked to a colleague about the customer's request and asked him for his opinion. Or, will you accept the job offer? I'm not sure yet. I still have to consult with my wife. So, I will first talk to my wife about the offer before I decide. For members, there is an extra video this week about the different meanings of advising. In addition, as a member, you get interactive quiz questions and exercises for all my videos. In addition, the scripts and all videos as a podcast. Information about this is available above and below in the video description. I'm thinking of a number between 0 and 20. You have to guess it in three attempts. If you guess something, you find the right answer or solution by guessing or thinking. Here in the example, I have three attempts. I first guess 5. The answer is wrong. Then I guess 10. Wrong again. Then I guess 15. The answer is correct. I then guessed the number. This is the difference between guessing something and guessing something. If you guess, you make a guess. You try to find the right solution. If you guess something, the guess is correct. Another example. Guess what happened to me yesterday. Hmm, I guess you won the lottery. Yes, that's right. You guessed it. Another difference is that guessing always needs an object in the accusative. Guessing does not. So we always have to say what we guessed. A verb that has several different meanings is guessing. This can be a bit confusing for German learners, because guessing is also the participle of guessing. Let's take a look at the forms. Guess. I guess. He guesses. I guess. I guessed. And now the forms of guessing. I guess. He guesses. I guess. I guessed. I admit that it's a bit confusing. But let's just take a look at the different meanings. And with the examples it will hopefully become a bit clearer. The first meaning of guessing is Das Schiff geriet in einen Sturm. Das bedeutet, das Schiff kam zufällig in einen Sturm, also in eine unangenehme oder sogar gefährliche Situation. Oder Also, er ist in eine gefährliche Situation gekommen. Oder Wir sehen das Verb geraten auch in einigen festen Ausdrücken. Hier sind ein paar Beispiele. In Erstaunen geraten bedeutet erstaunen. In Streit geraten bedeutet anfangen zu streiten. In Vergessenheit geraten bedeutet vergessen werden. In Brand geraten bedeutet anfangen zu brennen. Und außer sich geraten bedeutet sich aufregen oder sehr wütend werden. Für all diese Ausdrücke findet ihr im Mitgliederbereich von Deutsch mit Rieke Beispielsätze in den Übungsaufgaben zu diesem Video. Eine weitere Bedeutung von geraten habe ich noch für euch. Hier ist ein Beispiel. Er ist so intelligent wie seine Mutter. Er ist wohl nach ihr geraten. Nach jemandem geraten bedeutet so ähnlich sein wie der Vater, die Mutter oder die Großeltern. Wenn jemand so ähnlich aussieht oder sich so ähnlich verhält wie seine Mutter oder seine Großeltern, dann sagt man das. Er ist nach seinem Großvater geraten, bedeutet er ist so wie sein Großvater. Man merkt, dass die beiden verwandt sind, weil sie sich so ähnlich sind. Auch in dieser Bedeutung hört man geraten heutzutage leider nicht mehr so oft. Wenn dir dieses Video gefallen hat, dann schau dir gerne meine Playlist zum Thema Deutsche Verben an. Ich verlinke sie dir hier oder hier. Vielen Dank fürs Zuschauen und bis nächste Woche. Macht's gut!