LERNE ALLES ÜBER DAS PASSIV IM DEUTSCHEN🇩🇪 in 20 Minuten (Passiv - Satzbau - Grammatik -A2 B1 B2 C1)

Passive, how did it go again? Hello and welcome back to my channel. My name is Maria, I am a German teacher and your language coach. Lately, I've been getting a lot of questions about grammar, like this one. Maria, can you please explain the passive? Of course, I'd love to. In this video, it's about the topic of passive. I'll explain how it's formed, how you can use it and what you should pay special attention to. If you want to become a passive professional, get ready, we're starting. Let's go! Before we begin, I would like to point out that you can find all the information from today's video in my free PDF. You can download it if you click on the link below this video. Enter your name and email address and you'll get the PDF with all the information. And if you find topics like passive useful today, then subscribe to my channel right away. There's always a lot of vocabulary and grammar here. On my channel, you'll also find everyday German, business German and a lot of motivation. If you also want to do passive exercises, then it's best to sign up for my B1 course. There are several lessons on this difficult topic and lots of exercises. And if you really want to go deep, then you'll find even more passive in my B2 course. Here we even learn different forms of passive replacement and impersonal passive. You can't start with these terms yet? Then sign up today, you'll love this course! You can find the links below this video. I'm waiting for you! This video is set up as follows. First, I'll explain the difference between active and passive. Then I'll show you how passive is formed in the present and past tense, among other things with modal verbs. Then I'll explain the difference between the process and the passive state. I'll also show you how to form passive sentences without a subject and in which cases no passive is possible. Exciting, right? What is actually active and what is passive? We'll explain that together. In the active, the person is important. For example. What is important to us in this sentence? First of all, the person, the hairdresser. In the passive, the person is no longer important. The action is more important than the person. For example. In such a sentence, we don't care who cuts the hair. It is much more important that the hair is cut at all. I should go to the hairdresser again. So in the passive, the action is very important. We don't care about the person. Normally we use this actively in stories or reports, because we have to make the person or the matter clear. We often use the passive in descriptions, because the action plays an important role here. Very often you can also find the passive in the news or in the authorities and legal language. So in everyday life you can also get by without passive. But as soon as you have to write something, you will probably need passive from time to time. And you also want to understand complex texts. That's why it's important that you master this topic. Now let's start with the passive present. And I'll show you how to form this form. become plus participle 2 Before we write examples, let's conjugate the verb become in the present tense. Please repeat after me. become I will You will He, she, it will We will You will They, they will Let's take our example again from before. We start with the active. The hairdresser cuts the hair. And in the passive. The hair is cut. What do we see here? In our active sentence we have an accusative object. The hair. What does the hairdresser cut the hair? In the passive sentence it becomes the subject. And that's super important now. The accusative object from the active sentence becomes the subject in the passive sentence. A few more examples. This time you help me. I read the sentence in the active. And you think about how the sentence would sound in the passive. The child cleans up the room. Very good! The room is being cleaned up. The teacher corrects the test. Well done! The test is being corrected. You can do that very well. Please think of your own simple example and write it in the comments. I really want to see that you are learning hard. One more important information. You know verbs that require a dative object. What verbs are they, for example? Help. Thank. Congratulate. Such verbs always come with the dative. And now watch out! The dative object from the active sentence is also in the passive sentence in the dative. The dative remains true to itself. For example. We congratulate the winner. And now we write this sentence in the passive. The winner is congratulated. Or. The children help the grandma. Or in the passive. The grandma is helped. Interesting, right? But be careful! Not all verbs can form the passive. But we'll get to that a little later. I have already mentioned that you don't actually call the person in a passive sentence. What if you want to call her after all? What do we do then? In this case, use von plus dative. For example. The hair is cut by the hairdresser. by the hairdresser from the hairdresser dative masculine So the action is still more important than the person. The subject is still more important than the object. But in this case we have more information. We know who is doing the action. Although it is usually almost always clear. In rare cases, the preposition durch is also possible. Then we don't talk about a person, but about a thing. I like to give you two examples. The roof is damaged by the storm. by the storm By the way, we always use durch with the accusative. The neighbors are disturbed by the noise. by the noise This is much rarer, but it is also possible. In general, durch is used when something happens by chance. Is this new to you or did you already know that? If we use the passive present with modal verbs, then the modal verb always comes in second position. Exactly, we first have the modal verb in the present, then the participle 2 and werden at the end. For example. The room has to be cleaned up. The test can be corrected. When passive with a modal verb in a subordinate clause, the whole thing looks a bit more complicated. But don't worry, we can do it. The verb is always at the end. In this case it is the conjugated modal verb. I'll show you two examples. I already told you yesterday that the room has to be cleaned up. You didn't listen to me. The teacher said that the test can be corrected. Yes, these are normal subordinate clauses, nothing new. And the conjugated verb is, as always, at the end. Can you form such sentences? Then show me! We need the passive past tense when we talk about the past. To form the passive past tense, let's first conjugate the verb werden in the past tense. You became. They became. So how do we form the passive past tense? It actually works just like in the present tense. But the verb werden is not in the present tense, but in the past tense. So we need the verb werden in the past tense plus participle 2. For example, the room has been cleaned up. The test has been corrected. There is also the passive perfect and even the past perfect. We also learn that in my online course. But it is common to use the past tense in the past tense. You don't have to make life more complicated than it actually is. So if you use the passive past tense for the past, then you are actually always on the safe side. Please also write your own example in the passive past tense in the comments. And I will check your examples. And what happens when we combine a modal verb with a passive past tense? The same as in the present tense. Modal verb in the past tense plus participle 2 plus werden. The room had to be cleaned up. The test could be corrected. And now we form subordinate clauses. You already knew the whole time that the room had to be cleaned up. The teacher was glad that the test could be corrected quickly. As a teacher, you are always happy when the students have understood the topic. Do you understand everything so far? Then please send me a thumbs up in the comments, if everything is clear so far. And we move on. Did you notice something? In all the examples we discussed today, it was about a process, a process. This classic passive is also called a process passive. For example, the food is being cooked. So the action is important to us in this case. That means the food is just on the stove and it is sizzling in the pan. I'm getting really hungry. But let's look at a sentence like this. The food is cooked. That is no longer a process passive. This is the so-called state passive. The state passive describes the result of a completed action. It is no longer about the action. It is about the result of this action. The action is over and now we have the result. The food is cooked. So the food is now ready cooked. We can finally eat. The action is completed. This form looks like perfect. But it is not perfect. The food can't cook itself. Even if you have a food processor, you have to turn it on at least. This is the state passive. So how do we form the state passive? Very simple. Sein plus participle 2. The conjugated form of sein is in position 2. And the participle 2 is at the end. I would like to give you more examples. The letter is written. This is the state passive. That means the letter is finished. We don't care about the process here. Only the result counts. I can now send this letter. The letter is written. This is the process passive. That means I'm sitting at the desk right now and writing the letter. This is a process. I'm not done writing yet. Do you notice the difference? You can usually use the same sentence in the state passive or in the process passive. But the meaning is not identical. So you can't say that one sentence is correct and the other is wrong. No, it's about perspective. What is more important to you right now? The action or the result of this action? And now I'm looking forward to your example. Please write a sentence in the process passive and a sentence in the state passive in the comments. You know what? You can also form passive sentences without a subject. Yes, that works too. With the passive without a subject you speak about the so-called impersonal passive. The impersonal passive is actually only used informally. For example. This is the impersonal passive. Or the passive without a subject. We actually don't have a subject here. The meaning of such a sentence corresponds in principle to the active sentences with man. At the party you drink. By the way, if we rephrase a passive sentence and put the local statement at the party in the middle of the sentence then our sentence begins with it. Yes, both sentences are correct. There are two possibilities. Another example. Or. These two sentences are also correct. By the way, you learn this topic at the B2 level. Can you also write your own example? It would be so nice if there were no exceptions. But you can't form passive from all verbs. But I have to tell you that you should be especially careful here. This topic is usually dealt with at the C1 level. By the way, I am currently preparing this lesson for my C1 course. Feel free to sign up for the waiting list. Then you will be informed as soon as this course is finished. So which verbs can't form a passive? These are usually verbs with being imperfect. Like going, growing, getting up. For example. I go to work. A passive sentence would not be possible here. Conditional verbs. Verbs that describe states can usually not form a passive either. Such verbs are not necessarily used with being imperfect. I have prepared extra examples for you. Please do not confuse them with verbs of change of state. To last, to sleep, to live. For example. I live in Germany. A passive would not work here. What did you notice? Such verbs often do not have a direct accusative object. You can't go or sleep. Verbs of possession. Verbs of possession usually do not form a passive either. Have, own, get. For example. I get an e-mail. Can you form the sentence in the passive? No, that's not possible. Verbs of knowledge. Verbs of knowledge usually do not form a passive. Experience, know, know. We know these rules. Can you form the passive here? No. Modal verbs as full verbs. Sometimes a modal verb alone can be without another verb. Then it is used as a full verb. What are modal verbs? For example. Can, must, want. I want a glass of water. You can't change this sentence into a passive. Reflexive verbs such as shave, hurry, rejoice. I'm glad. In the passive this sentence doesn't look so good. But here, as I said, there is no 100% guarantee. In some cases you can form the impersonal passive. If you are unsure somewhere, ask me in the comments. There are a few more categories, but you have now learned the most important thing. More information about this is in my C1 course. That's it for today. I really hope you enjoyed this video and, above all, helped. And if you want to get all the information from today's video in writing, then download my free PDF. You can find the link directly under this video. Do you have any questions for me? Can I help you somehow? Please let me know, write me a comment and I will be there for you Well then, stay busy and we'll see you soon in my new video. Take care. Bye! The video is ending.