Geography Chapter 3 #2 Conflicts Over Natural Resources and Management in Amharic Tutorial by WENDE

Uh resource policy sustainable use of sustainable sustainable use of sustainable and efficiently widely and efficiently widely and efficiently widely utilization of resource is any environment have varied is any environment have varied capacity and rate of capacity and rate of Renewable Resources and Non-Renewable Resources Renewable Resources are TADDASH What does TADDASH mean? TADDASH, TADDASH, TADDASH It means Reusing After using it once, it can be reused It can be regenerated These resources are recurrent Meaning, they can replenish themselves in the foreseeable future After using it once, They are also known as Flow Resources Let's talk about Flow Resources Renewable Resources are replaceable in character because they regenerate themselves through reproduction or recycling So, what does it mean? Reproduction In other words, they can be used for recycling For example, we can use it for reproduction What does it mean? It means it can be regenerated It can be used for recycling It can be used for reproduction So, these resources are known as Renewable Resources What does it mean? It means living things abiotic features and living things biotic features Biotic means living organisms animals and plants Abiotic means solar energy, land, soil, water, air and so on So, these are known as Renewable Resources The second resource is Non-Renewable Resources Non-Renewable Resources are resources that do not replace or regenerate by nature process These groups of resources are also referred to as Fixed or Funded Resources from the human point of view because they are formed slowly and their supply is limited by nature For example, if you have a plant and you plant it it will grow Therefore, with use they are diminished or even lost through time and once they are used up they are gone forever So, if you have a plant and you plant it it will grow This category consists of most mineral resources such as coal, petroleum, natural gases So, Non-Renewable Resources are mostly mineral resources such as coal petroleum, natural gas ferrous, non-ferrous metals and so on and also mineral resources Non-Renewable Resources are categories of Resource Conflict These categories are categorized according to the primary resource involved and the main conflict driver So, Resource Conflict are categories of Resource Conflict such as Typical Resource Categories include Extractive Resources such as Hydrocarbons, Minerals, Gemstones, Gumstones and Timber, Land and Water and so on or more of the falling divers are at play there. Indeed the majority of cases, one or more of the falling divers are at play there. First of all, there is a conflict over resource ownership. For example, there is a conflict over resource ownership. There is a conflict over resource access. Sustainable development is not only about the environment, it is also about the degrade of the environment. The environment is also a resource, so if we don't manage and use these resources, we can have environmental degradation. Environmental degradation means that if we don't manage and use these resources, we can have environmental degradation. Conflict over distribution of resources, revenues, as well as other benefits and burdens. For example, if we don't manage and use these resources, we can have environmental degradation. If we don't manage and use these resources, we can have environmental degradation. So, these are the benefits of having resources. Another is the unique characteristics of natural resources conflict. A number of characteristics associated with natural resource conflict contribute to their complexity and in turn influence approaches to their resolution. The scarcity or abundance of a specific natural resource fundamentally influences the conflict dynamics at play in the mediation opportunities available. Many resources are influenced by a range of natural and social factors, leading to a high level of complexity and uncertainty in their availability, quality and value. A pattern of resource distribution that can be particularly silent when they occur along ethnic, religious or linguistic lines. Tensions between competing livelihood groups over scarce natural resources often occur in seasonal cycles, which can escalate into violent outcomes following sudden shocks or stress to the system. Tensions between competing livelihood groups over scarce natural resources often occur in seasonal cycles, which can escalate into violent outcomes following sudden shocks or stress to the system. Resource disputes are sometimes associated with significant power imbalances and asymmetry between the parties, international corporations versus local communities, or lack of formal representation of specific livelihood groups in a decision-making process. In many situations, natural resources are governed by a combination of customary and statutory institutions or hybrid political orders. In many situations, natural resources are governed by a combination of customary and statutory institutions or hybrid political orders. drivers of conflict such as economic shock, loss of livelihoods, food insecurity, lower resources, conflict over renewable resources are essentially political issues concerning who should have access to and control over the resources, ownership, the right to access and control over the resources, whose views should count in identifying and prioritizing issues and problems, and desirable management goals and rates of use. So these key political questions can become sources of tension and division based on the competing interests of different individuals, groups, or countries, such conflicts can occur themselves as a negative phenomenon, they can be an essential component of a change in development, non-violent resolution of conflict is possible when the parties have trust in their governing structure and institutions to manage incompatible or competing interests. conflict becomes problematic when mechanisms for managing and resolving them break down and give way to violence, conflict is a negative phenomenon, it is a problem, it is a problematic conflict is a negative phenomenon, it is a problem, it is a problem, it is a problematic These drivers working alone or in combination have been important factors in contributing to violent conflict when acting alongside other socio-economic, political, and security stresses. These drivers have been important factors in contributing to violent conflict when acting alongside other socio-economic, political, and security stresses. Competition over increasingly scarce renewable resources, poor governance of renewable natural resources and the environment. Increased scarcity of renewable natural resources that are needed to sustain livelihoods can increase competition between users, groups, or between socio-economic sectors. Social responses to rising competition can include migration, technological innovation, cooperation, and violent conflict. There are three main causes for increasing resource scarcity working separately or in combination. 1. Demand-induced scarcity 2. Supply-induced scarcity 3. Structurally-induced scarcity Demand-induced scarcity arises when demand for a specific renewable resource increases and cannot be met by the existing supply. However, demand-induced scarcity occurs when demand for a specific renewable resource is not met by the existing supply. While a resource such as water or croplands may initially meet all local needs, population growth increases in a consumption rate and or the use of new technologies can reduce the per capita availability of resources over time. Here is an example of a cropland. Initially, a cropland meets all local needs, population growth increases in a consumption rate and or the use of new technologies can reduce the per capita availability of resources over time. So, what is demand-induced scarcity? A resource, i.e., an existing supply that cannot be met with the demand of the population, is called demand-induced scarcity. Supply-induced scarcity occurs when environmental degradation, natural variation, or a breakdown in delivery infrastructure constrains or reduces the total supply of a specific resource. Structural scarcity occurs when different groups in a society face unequal resource access. Social, economic, and political security stress, conflict, and poor governance of renewable natural resources and the environment. Corruption, unfair, and injustice. Transparency and accountability. Corruption, unfair, and injustice. Marginalized specifics. Discriminatory policies. Marginalized specifics. Vulnerable. Unequal distribution of benefits and burdens from development projects. Lack of public participation and transparency. Dynamics and pressure. Transparency and accountability. Thank you for watching.