C1_C2_ Kannst du diese Verben richtig benutzen_

A viewer has asked for a video about the difference between to allow, to approve, to grant, to grant and to grant. These verbs all describe something similar, but are used in very different situations. Let's take a closer look at that today. The teacher has allowed the students to use a calculator during the exam. If you tell someone that he can do something, then you allow him to do something. You give someone the permission to do something. The teacher has told the students that they can use the calculator. To allow someone something is the most neutral and common verb in this video. It is used in many situations, both formally and informally. It corresponds to the English verb to allow. Here are a few more example sentences. I do not allow my dog to sleep in bed. So the dog is not allowed to sleep in bed. Or is it allowed to take pictures here? So is it allowed to take pictures here? Or my parents do not allow me to go to Berlin alone. An expression that you hear from time to time is What does he actually allow himself? Or what does she actually allow herself? Here is an example for this. He just took my car yesterday without asking me. What does he actually allow himself? What does he allow himself means as much as How cheeky and shameless is he actually? Why does he think he is allowed to do that? Then we have the expression to allow yourself something. We can allow ourselves a long vacation this year. To allow yourself something means to be able to afford something. Have enough money or the opportunity for something. We can go on vacation for a long time this year because we have enough money for it. We come to the verb to allow someone something. This verb basically means the same as to allow someone something. You tell someone that he is allowed to do something. However, there is a clear style difference here. To allow someone something is an elevated verb. It sounds quite formal. In the example sentence here I could also say The judge allowed the defendant to express herself. She allowed him to say something. But with allowing it sounds more formal. This verb fits well with the situation in court. In everyday life we normally don't use this verb. Sometimes you see it on signposts. When you go for a walk in a park, maybe somewhere on a sign it says The entrance of the lawn is not allowed. That sounds more elevated and formal than The entrance of the lawn is not allowed. Or In this nature reserve camping is not allowed. Camping is forbidden there. Another situation where you sometimes hear allowing is when you ask very politely for permission. Imagine you are in an expensive fancy hotel and an employee comes to you and asks Do you allow me to carry your suitcase? This is a very polite way of asking Can I carry your suitcase? Can I help you? In everyday life you don't say that. Only in special situations when you want to be very polite. The city administration has approved the construction of the new shopping center. The verb to approve something also has a very similar meaning as to allow something. But it is used in completely different situations. When an authority or another official position gives someone the permission to do something then it approves it. This verb therefore sounds much more bureaucratic than allow. Here in the example a company has asked the city administration if it is allowed to build a new shopping center. The city has approved this application and finally officially approved the construction. She said yes, you are allowed to build the shopping center. Another example. The environmental office has approved the event in the city park. Someone wants to organize an event in the city park. He had to make a request to the environmental office. The environmental office has approved the application and then said yes, okay, you are allowed to carry out this event. The event has been approved. Here you can also see another difference to allow. To allow someone something usually stands with an object in the dative. You say to whom you allow something. To approve something usually stands without a dative object. Here is another example. The boss has approved my vacation application. I have officially asked the boss if I can take a vacation at a certain time. He has checked my application and then officially allowed me to take the vacation. He has approved the application. The appropriate noun to approve is the approval. We can say without an approval of the city you are not allowed to build here. So you need an official permission of the city. The city must approve the construction of a building. In the colloquial language there is also the expression to approve something. We say for example After work I approve a glass of wine. To approve something means to treat yourself to something. I allow myself to enjoy a glass of wine. This expression is usually used when it comes to alcohol. For members there is an extra video this week about the verb to allow. What is the difference between allowing something and allowing something? You will learn that in the member area. For members there are also, as always, my latest videos without advertising, exercises and quiz questions about all videos and of course the scripts to download. You will learn more about the membership in the video description below. Die Bank hat den Kredit bewilligt. Also the verb to allow something we see and hear almost only in administration, in authorities or in business communication. If I want to borrow money from a bank, then I go to the bank and apply for a loan. The bank can then approve this loan. This means it fulfills my wish and gives me a loan. It lends me money. Etwas bewilligen und etwas genehmigen sind sehr ähnlich. Beide Verben klingen recht bürokratisch und werden von offiziellen Institutionen benutzt. Sie sind zwar für die private Kommunikation nicht so wichtig, aber wenn ihr mal mit deutschen Behörden Kontakt habt, dann werdet ihr früher oder später diese Verben lesen. Es ist also gut, wenn ihr sie kennt. Typische Substantive, die mit dem Verb bewilligen stehen, sind Kredit, Zuschuss, Förderung oder Mittel. Da geht es immer um Geld, um finanzielle Hilfe, die jemand haben möchte. Das Substantiv zu bewilligen ist die Bewilligung. Wir könnten sagen, die Bewilligung des Kredits hat sehr lange gedauert. Es hat also sehr lange gedauert, bis die Bank den Kredit bewilligt hat. Das Land gewährte den Geflüchteten Asyl. Jemandem etwas gewähren. Dieses Verb ist den Verben bewilligen und genehmigen ähnlich. Man hört es oft in offiziellen, formellen Situationen. Wenn man jemandem etwas gewährt, gibt man ihm etwas, worum er gebeten hat. Oder man erlaubt ihm etwas zu tun, was er sich gewünscht hat. Hier im Beispiel bekommen die geflüchteten Personen in diesem Land Asyl. Sie haben Asyl in diesem Land gesucht und haben es bekommen. Gewähren hat noch so eine zusätzliche Bedeutungsnuance. Es drückt aus, dass jemand, der die Macht dazu hat, einen Wunsch erfüllt. Nicht, weil er muss, sondern weil er großzügig ist. Hier in dem Beispiel kann das so klingen, als wäre das Land sehr großzügig. Es gibt den Geflüchteten Asyl, das ist aber nicht selbstverständlich. So einen Klang hat dieses Verb. Noch ein Beispiel. Der Händler gewährte dem Kunden einen Rabatt. Also, der Händler gibt dem Kunden einen Rabatt. Er muss dem Kunden keinen Rabatt geben, aber er macht es, weil er so großzügig ist. Der Händler hat die Macht zu entscheiden, ob er dem Kunden einen Rabatt gibt oder nicht. Es ist ein bisschen schwierig zu erklären, diese kleine Bedeutungsnuance. Vielleicht hilft es euch aber auch zu wissen, dass Gewähren meistens mit bestimmten Substantiven kombiniert wird. Die häufigsten sind neben Asyl und Rabatt noch Einblick und auch wieder Kredit. Jemandem Einblick in etwas gewähren. Das bedeutet, jemandem erlauben, in etwas hineinzuschauen. Zum Beispiel, die Firma gewährte dem Journalisten Einblick in die Produktionsabläufe. Die Firma erlaubt dem Journalisten also, sich die Produktionsabläufe anzuschauen. Sie zeigt dem Journalisten, wie die Produkte hergestellt werden. Und jemandem einen Kredit gewähren bedeutet, jemandem großzügigerweise einen Kredit geben. Zum Beispiel können wir sagen, die Bank gewährte ihm einen Kredit. Über welche ähnlichen Verben oder Synonyme soll ich als nächstes ein Video drehen? Schreibt mir eure Wünsche gerne unten in die Kommentare. Und wenn ihr noch mehr über deutsche Verben erfahren möchtet, dann empfehle ich euch meine Playlist dazu. Die verlinke ich euch hier irgendwo. Viel Spaß damit und bis nächste Woche. Macht's gut.