In 30 Minuten - C1 Grammatik Learn German Fast

Hello and welcome to a new YouTube video. Today it's all about grammar. And on the C1 level. My name is Natalia and welcome to my YouTube channel Learn German Fast. This video is for real pros. And those who want to become a pro. In order not to miss anything important, you should download the large and free PDF file before watching this video. In this file you will find all important information. You can take notes and make some examples. And check your knowledge in the exercises. Now click on the link in the description or in the pinned comment. And download the file immediately. And remember to give me a thumbs up and subscribe to my channel. The first part of this video deals with an important topic, namely the nominal style and how it differs from the verbal style. This topic makes the difference between B2 and C1 level. This way you sound much more elevated. Like a real pro. Ready? Let's go! Do you know this? When you speak German with your friends and acquaintances, then everything is great. You understand everything perfectly. But then, when you get a letter from the authorities, then you only understand Bahnhof. Only understanding Bahnhof means almost nothing. Often it is due to the style in which the letter or writing is written. So it is often due to the style. In everyday life, we speak and write mostly in short and simple sentences. This is called the verbal style. Official writing, scientific texts and legal texts, on the other hand, often use long and complicated sentences in the nominal style. Today we are talking about the nominal and verbal style. In this video I explain both styles to you, the nominal style and the verbal style, the differences between these styles and when and why they are used. The video is super useful, so please support me with a thumbs up and subscribe to my channel. I am always happy when you interact with my videos and give me your feedback. Okay, we'll start with the first question. What is the verbal style? In the verbal style you use many verbs. Therefore also the name verbal style. If you use many verbs, then it must also be clearly named who does something, so who does something. So you always need a subject. Like here. I go for a walk and rest in the meantime. Or? You cook dinner, then we eat together. These sentences are simple and direct. They say what happens and who does it. I have marked the verbs in both sentences for you. As you can see, we need two verbs in each example. Let's look at the whole thing again in the nominal style. What is the nominal style? As the name suggests, the nominal style is about nouns, of course. The nominal style changes actions, i.e. verbs, into nouns, i.e. a change. The verbs become nouns. So we need fewer verbs and can pack more information into one sentence. Little magic, magic trick. Take a look at our examples. Instead of I go for a walk and rest, you can say in the nominal style During the walk I rest. As you can see, in this example you only need one verb instead of two verbs. The sentence becomes shorter. In this case, the German or the German language is efficient. In our second example, it could look like this. You cook dinner. Then we eat together. And in the nominal style, after cooking, we eat together. After cooking, we eat together. You could also say, after cooking dinner, we eat together. But that's a bit redundant. So I would just leave out dinner. Here, less attention is paid to the person who does something and much more to the facts. So it's less important who does what, but more what happens. What are the facts? This makes the sentences sound much more formal. I have a short overview here for you, in which you can see in more detail how the verbal and nominal styles differ. Verbal style Many verbs, fewer nouns. Verbal style is personal and direct. An example I baked the cake. I Personal, direct. Fewer nouns, many verbs. Nominal style Many nouns, fewer verbs. Sounds more formal and factual. And here's another example. The preparation of the cake took a long time. The preparation of the cake. So many nouns, fewer verbs. In everyday life, we prefer the verbal style because it is easy to understand. Authorities and scientific texts, on the other hand, use the nominal style to present facts in a compact and neutral way. That's very important. We can only do that with the nominal style. Even if you make notes, the nominal style can help you. Because this way you can capture a lot of information in a short time. You don't have to write long sentences with a lot of verbs. So that you can understand your letters better in the future and make notes even better in the next presentation, I will now explain to you how you can use the nominal style. You have several options for this. Let's take a look at everything. Nominalization of verbs to nouns To form the nominal style, you can convert verbs into nouns. This is called nominalization. I have prepared a few examples for you in which you can see it very well. To occupy oneself This is a verb. What is the noun of it? The occupation. Right. Verbal style Nominal style You see, we had two sentences in the verbal style and only one sentence in the nominal style. Here is another verb. Verbal Nominal style You see, the sentences in the nominal style give you the opportunity to add more information. So to make the sentence even more complex. You could also say So here we say who analyzed the data. The analysis of data by the scientists brought interesting results. Or it took a long time, as in the previous example. You can convert many verbs into nouns by attaching the ending "-ung or "-tion to the verb stem. So "-tion". I have prepared many examples for you. Look at this table here. Typical endings in nominalization Verbs with the ending "-ieren often get the ending "-tion". "-tion", "-tion". The resulting nouns are then always feminine. Many other verbs then get the ending "-ung". These are also feminine. But there are also other ways to convert verbs into nouns. I have also created an overview for you. Nominalization of the infinitive Always neutral. For example The next group is Sometimes also with vocal changes in the verb stem. For example Here you have the change from "-e to "-i". And the next group are fixed forms. For example Adjectives can also be nominalized. Look at the table with the examples. Verb stem plus the ending "-e". For example Always feminine. For example Ending "-heit". Also always feminine. Health is a nominalized adjective. The ending "-tum". For example Now you know how to convert verbs and adjectives into nouns. But now you want to make formal and well-sounding sentences out of these nouns, right? So-called nominal groups help you. This topic is very advanced. We will learn this in detail in my C1 intensive course. More on that later. I have three options for you here. Variable 1 Verbal style Nominal style We made a sentence out of two sentences again. With this variant, the verb is nominalized and the subject from the verbal sentence becomes the genitive attribute. I emphasized that to you. Our genitive attribute is The technique develops. This is the genitive attribute. Variable 2 Verbal style Nominal style We made a sentence out of two sentences again. The verb is nominalized again. The analysis. Instead of a genitive attribute, we use the preposition with the subject from the verbal sentence. The machine. The machine was our subject in the verbal sentence. And the last variant, the variant number 3. Replacement of personal pronouns by possessive articles. Verbal style Nominal style And then you can continue building the sentence. Why is it important to know the nominal style? Nominal style is very helpful, not just to get more information in notes or other texts. If you understand the nominal style, you benefit in several areas. For example, You can understand texts like And we all know how many there are in Germany. Scientific texts use the nominal style above all. If you understand it, you also understand texts in your studies or in scientific magazines better. In addition, the nominal style helps you to present complex information in a compact way. For example, if you have to make notes or have to write a scientific text yourself. For example, this helped me in my master's thesis. Nominal style And of course more information in one sentence. With nominalization you can put many details in one sentence without it looking confusing. Very practical, right? However, you should not use the nominal style excessively, because too many nouns can make your text difficult to understand. The art lies in finding a good balance between the two styles. Well, were the information new to you? Or was that a repetition? Either way, the video is very useful if you want to speak or write on the C1 level. What distinguishes the C1 level from the other levels is that you have a wide selection of different grammatical forms. This way you can express yourself in a very varied way. One such grammatical form is the passive replacement forms. Do you already know the word? They also take your German to the next level. So pay close attention to the next part. Have you ever seen a house that builds itself? Of course not. Houses are built. This sentence is in the passive. Today we are talking about four different passive replacement forms. Support me with a thumbs up and subscribe to my channel. I see in my statistics that over 50% of you watch my channel regularly, but do not subscribe. Passive is a very interesting form that we use very often in everyday life. We use passive replacement forms even more often than the passive itself. So whenever you want to emphasize the passive character of a statement or the causes are not important, you use the passive. For example, the house is being built. Who builds it is not important to us. But to make your statements more varied, you can also use these passive replacement forms. Mother tongues do this automatically, but we have to practice these forms. Practice a lot. Their formation differs from the formation of the usual passive with modal verbs, but you can make statements with them just as well in which the subject, i.e. the actors, are not important or less important. Sounds complicated, but it is not. You already know some forms, for sure. Let's get started. The first passive replacement form is Let's think of a parking lot that is built in the middle of the city center to cool down the city center. In the passive with modal verbs you say, for example can be built passive presence with modal verbs If you want to express that the construction plan is being implemented and also the schedule can be kept, you say The construction plan can be realized. The plan can be realized. The schedule for the redesign can be kept. So the schedule can be kept. You absolutely have to conjugate the verb lassen. When you talk about something past, then you use the verb lassen in the past tense. Well, what is the past tense form of lassen? Yes, ließ. Lassen, ließ, gelassen. These are our three forms. And here are our two sentences in the past tense. The construction plan for the new parking lot can be realized. And the schedule for the redesign can be kept. Yes, we did everything. This form is really easy. lassen plus sich plus infinitiv. It's not hard, is it? Let me know in the comments if you understood this form. The next group are the adjectives. Yes, even with adjectives you can emphasize the passive character of a statement. There are three variants for this. Variant number 1 Adjectives with the ending "-lich". If you look at the plan for the new parking lot and you understand it well, you can either say or you use a passive sentence form and say The plan is understandable. Can be understood. Is understandable. This emphasizes that you are of the opinion that this plan is clear and clear and can be understood by many people. So you're saying something about the quality of the plan. Here's another example. If the parking lot is finished and you can't believe how beautiful it has become, you can either say or you say I can't believe how beautiful it has become. Or the parking lot, the new parking lot is incredible. Passive form with the adjective and the ending "-lich". You form this passive form with Here are some more verbs from which you can form adjectives for this construction with the ending "-lich". For example We have the stem Your motivation is amazing. How do we form an adjective from Your handwriting is good. Your honesty is very polite. Your counter-argument is ridiculous. Please make sure that the newly formed adjectives are often formed with an umlaut. Praising is polite. Laughing is ridiculous. The variant number two. Adjectives with the ending "-bar". Let's get back to our great parking lot. The lawn has just been sown. That's why you can't play on the green area yet or walk along it. So the green area is not yet accessible. But the children can already use the playground and have a lot of fun. So the playground is already usable. Also with this passive form you use the verb and combine it with a new adjective that you form from a verb and the ending "-bar". So be plus verb stem plus "-bar". To experience, to experience. To see, to see. To think, to think. To deliver, to deliver. Adjectives that end in "-bar", are really very common. The variant number three are adjectives with the ending "-abel". So this is our third possibility to formulate the passive character of a statement. But this only works with verbs whose infinitive ends in "-ieren". So combine these verbs. Adjectives on "-abel", we form from verbs on "-ieren". I'll explain it right away. Discuss, the verb on "-ieren". Disputable, adjective on "-abel". Present, verb on "-ieren", present. Adjective on "-abel", presentable. Accept, acceptable. Operable, operable. So the new park may be very nice and presentable, but that the toilet is not wheelchair-friendly is completely unacceptable. The last passive form we are talking about today is to be plus to be plus infinitive. For this you need full concentration now. So take a deep breath, take a little break. Maybe you can also have a sip of water. My water is empty. But now take a deep breath and we'll get started. Are you ready? Look at the following sentences about the new parking lot. The parking lot is to be closed at night to protect it from vandalism. So the parking lot must be closed at night. Who does that is not important. The main thing is that it is done. The cleaning of the parking lot is to be organized. That's not a problem. So you can easily organize everything to clean the parking lot regularly. Who organizes the cleaning or who cleans the park is not important. The focus here is that cleaning is possible without major difficulties. The green areas are not to be entered except for further, because new lawn is being sown. In order to protect the lawn, the green areas must not be entered at the moment. This passive replacement form with three different meanings you form with sein plus zu plus infinitiv. Depending on the context, you can express that something has to be done or can or should not be done. Typical sentences with this replacement form are These examples all describe that something has to be done. Great, you made the video on important passive replacement forms. Were the forms new to you? Be sure to write it in the comments. The next part is something very special, because it makes you a German pro for sure. You haven't heard any of that yet? No wonder. It's really a very high-profile topic. Just right for language experts. In two weeks you will have passed the exam guaranteed. Wow, really? Then I will be guaranteed to be on vacation in three weeks. Sounds like a perfect plan, doesn't it? Today we are talking about the future tense in the German language. Future tense is sometimes also called the complete future. In its basic meaning, the future tense describes an action that will be completed in the future. This tense is not super important, but is used more than you think. You also need this form when you have to write a German exam. What is our plan for today? First, let's talk about how you can form the future tense. After that, let's take a closer look at the word order in the future tense. Of course, I will also show you many examples of when the future tense is used. And finally, let's talk about the difference between future tense 2 and future tense 1. For this, we need three elements. The auxiliary verb is conjugated in the present tense, participle 2, i.e. participle perfect of the full verb, and have or be in the infinitive. For example, I will have gone home. You will have written your test. As you can see, future tense 2 is a mixture of perfect and future tense 1. Let's take a closer look at this now. We form the perfect with the help of have or be and the participle 2. So, I went. Perfect. In future tense 2, we have both perfect elements plus the verb werden, which points to the future. Have or be, therefore, have to give up the place of the conjugated verb form and move it to the end of the sentence as an infinitive behind the participle perfect. Here are some examples of how future tense 2 becomes from the perfect. Example with have. Present. I ask the teacher. Perfect. I asked the teacher. Future tense 2. I will have asked the teacher. Example with sein. Present. I fly on vacation. Perfect. I flew on vacation. Future tense 2. I will have flown on vacation. As you can see, the formation of future tense 2 is not so complicated. You always have to pay attention to which verb is used in the perfect and then transfer it to future tense 2. We go on to the use of future tense 2. The basic meaning of future tense 2 is a closed action in the future. For example, In two years I will have completed my studies. This is a closed action in the future. The future tense 2 is used rather rarely to describe an action that will be completed in the future. Usually the future tense 2 is replaced by the perfect. Indeed. For example, In two years I will have completed my studies. Perfect often. We often use the perfect instead of the future tense 2. In two years I have completed my studies. The sentence is shorter and easier to form. Future tense 2 means assumption. In this meaning we use the future tense 2 much more often. Like the future tense 1, the future tense 2 is often used to express an assumption. The assumptions can refer to the actions in the past and in the future. Future tense 2 Assumption about the past. Where is Anna? She will have gone home. I suspect that she went home. Another example. Knowing, so I know for sure. Anna left at 5 p.m. She needs about 20 minutes to work. Assumption She will probably have arrived at work. Another example. Why does Thomas look so bad today? He will have drunk too much alcohol yesterday. I suspect that he drank too much alcohol yesterday. Future tense 2 assumptions about the future. Example Knowing, so I know for sure. Anna had an accident. She wears a cast on her arm. Assumption In May the arm will probably be healed. Another example. Knowing, so I know for sure. Anna wants to move to Italy. She is already looking for a new job there. Assumption Until next year she will probably have emigrated. Very often in connection with future tense 2 words like probably, probably, sure Assumption Assumption about the future there is always a time indication. In April, next year, next summer and so on. Assumption And finally I would like to discuss with you the difference between future tense 1 and future tense 2. Both forms look into the future. Both forms are formed with the help of werden. In future tense 1 you use at the end of the sentence the infinitive of the verb. In future tense 2 the participle of the verb with the infinitive of sein or haben. So future tense 1 I will write the exam. Future tense 2 I will have written the exam. With future tense 1 you can express intentions for the future as well as assumptions about the present and the future. With future tense 2 you make assumptions about the completed actions in the past or in the future. For example I will now clean my apartment. Because tomorrow the guests will probably come. Future tense 2 Assumption Past Her apartment is very clean. She will probably have had guests yesterday. Future tense 2 Assumption about the future Anna expects guests for tomorrow. Until then she will probably have cleaned her apartment. Wonderful! You also made the video for future tense 2. Great that you stayed until the end. If you want to work on your German even more and want to finally raise your German to the C1 level then you should definitely take a look at my C1 intensive course. There you will learn all important grammar topics and elevated vocabulary. You will learn all new content in the context of exciting and current topics. The course is completely interactive so that you never get bored while learning. In addition, I am there for you in every step and give you individual feedback on our learning platform. Do you want to be part of it? Then click on the link in the description below this video. I'm looking forward to seeing you. Stay tuned and stay busy. Ciao!