Relativsätze auf B2 C1 Niveau So benutzt du sie korrekt

The student who listens attentively to the teacher now is learning something that will last a lifetime Hello and welcome to Lingster Academy I'm your German teacher Julia and in this video we'll be looking at those classic relative clauses Also the video you're currently watching is about relative clauses For that I've also created free material for you including a table You can download it using the link below this video OK let's get started Now we're focusing on sentences that describe a noun in more detail What kind of sentence was that Of course a relative clause You've likely already encountered relative clauses at the A2 and B1 levels We're making it a bit more challenging today so we'll only briefly review the simple relative clauses and then we'll look at a few more challenging examples Have you met Tobias yet He's my neighbor who helped me yesterday That's my neighbor whom I've known for years That's my neighbor whom I almost see every day And that's my neighbor whose cat we sometimes feed too With a preposition that's my neighbor with whom I play tennis once a week You surely know that relative clauses are subordinate clauses you can tell because the verb comes at the end and they cannot stand alone because otherwise they wouldn't form a coherent sentence Relative clauses therefore require a referent and this is usually the noun before the comma since that's precisely what you want to describe in more detail giving further information about it Relative clauses begin with a relative pronoun It may look like an article but it is actually a pronoun To know which relative pronoun you need you must always consider two pieces of information On one hand you need to know whether the noun before the comma is masculine neuter or feminine and whether it is in the singular or plural The second piece of information tells you the verb in the relative clause which determines the case in which your relative pronoun appears The genitive is a bit special because it doesn't refer to the verb at the end of the relative clause but also on the noun at the beginning My neighbor whose cat I sometimes feed is from Heidelberg Here is the relationship between the neighbor and the cat Feeding is not relevant here So that was a quick review of relative clauses which you 're surely already familiar with and have mastered right Let's take a look at relative clauses with prepositions You always need them when the verb in the relative clause is followed by a preposition Here are a few examples for you We're visiting the museum you told me about with so much enthusiasm That's the professor I'd like to write my master's thesis under The city she comes from is located in the Alps He presented a project involving numerous international experts Here are a few more examples in the genitive case That's my neighbor whose cat I sometimes practice German with That's the author whose new book everyone's talking about This is the director whose film has everyone on the critical side thrilled Now I'll show you a few other relative pronouns You've definitely seen it before Look This is the company where I did my internship I could also say That's the company where I completed my internship Or the apartment where I used to live is currently being renovated The apartment where I used to live is currently being renovated But that only works for places Many native speakers unfortunately get this wrong but you don't There are also relative clauses using wohin or woher That's the café we want to go to after the concert Or the one we want to go to after the concert I know a small village that hardly anyone visits Or rather hardly anyone goes to This is the region where Europe's finest wines come from We're heading to the village where our family originally comes from—or more precisely the village our family originally comes from Incidentally there's always an exception Now that we spend much of our time at home we have more time for ourselves Here the "where" refers not to a place but to a period of time Now let's move on to the second-to- last topic of this video The antecedent or reference word before the comma does not always have to be a noun Take a look at my examples Everything you say is interesting Nothing he does goes unnoticed Much of what is written in this book is extremely helpful Everything we've discussed remains of course between us One thing I often think about is my wedding This is an example of an indefinite pronoun When the relative pronoun is what or where followed by a preposition as in cases where the verb in the relative clause takes a preposition such as about which or to which etc This applies not only to indefinite pronouns but also when the antecedent is the definite article or a superlative used as a noun What you just said isn't entirely accurate What he'd been waiting for so long has finally happened The most beautiful thing I've ever seen was the sunset in Iceland What's the hardest thing you've ever learned The most interesting topic we discussed was the future of artificial intelligence Incidentally you also need these relative pronouns when they refer not only to the word before the comma but refer to the entire sentence It has been raining all day which is highly unusual for this time of year The company sustained significant losses leading to numerous layoffs The film was incredibly suspenseful something I hadn't expected at all There were numerous misunderstandings which frustrated many people You're almost there Now we're moving on to the final point of the video: relative clauses with wer Use these sentences when you want to make general statements about people First I'll give you a few examples then explain the structure Reading a lot helps you learn new words more quickly If you'd like to sign up I can explain everything to you Anyone interested in German should also listen to German music Those who appreciate art are also captivated by the stories behind the pieces Those whose jobs are highly demanding find it hard to switch off The key point is that the relative clause with wer always comes first depending on the case and the main clause follows after the comma The main clause begins with the demonstrative pronoun der meaning "who the one who " When declining wer and der you must pay attention to the verb in the sentence—it will tell you which case to use When both pronouns are in the same case you can omit the second one The more you read the faster you learn new words If you appreciate art I recommend a trip to Berlin Naturally verbs followed by prepositions can also appear in these sentences So here are my final examples and then you've truly got it Those who value order prefer working at a tidy desk Those who value order are easy to work with Punctuality is non-negotiable for those who never show up late to an important appointment Yes now you're an expert on all kinds of relative clauses Congratulations And that's all for today Don't forget to grab the table—the link is below this video If you enjoyed the video and learned something new don't forget to subscribe to my channel now See you next time Your Julia