A Short History of the Colour Indigo National Gallery YouTube

Classical Art & Technique
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23 Video Views·Apr 1, 2026
Our Conservation Fellow, Kendall Francis, takes a closer look at the colour indigo, a blue dye and pigment extracted from the leaves of plants, and how it is used and represented in paintings in our collection.
Kendall's research reveals histories that are not explicitly portrayed in the paintings and highlights the important contributions from a wider range of people, including the enslaved people who cultivated the crops and extracted the indigo against their will.
It's one of the most beautiful seasons for workers
And you'll know it well if you've ever been inspired
These colors also tell us a greater more profound story
Today I want to talk about Indigo and what
it can tell us about the stories of people
And you along with those who appear clearly
Assisting expert scientists a part of our role in
collaboration with scientific experts
They are concerned with the issues involved in the
materials used by experts to create the paintings
The recent project concerned this
matter at the National University
Looking into the stories of university students
who are confident enough for me to begin looking
Regarding the history of colonization the success
and application within specialist subjects
Humanitarian workers and our colleagues at the National University
I feel these changes which are very important
here may bring about
significant transformation
a detailed analysis of the paintings
and it also makes a distinctio
their communities specialists who feel
seen heard valued and included
My journey has begun by looking into
the deep indigo a
very good little pigmy
The indigo from tropical plants is used and the plant
grows in the most extreme
environments and the colony is
Being used through a more complex process
Indigo was involved in saying
otherwise the point of concern regarding this point was
due to this point itself
bilingual competence and productio
This point must be chosen by many and their circumstances
This was the essence of the introduction
The Indian Ocean and the African continent
and the majority of southern Wales
We will see a portrait of the indigo
in his political
career but two films
He if the pigmy is not to
be used
the responsibility
The legend of the pygmy
and the indigo is said
to be a significant story outside the figure
That is the Compte de Vigle It was
used in 1758 You can
see that the Compte
appearing in beautiful
political indigo
But when we look
back at the painting
You can see who he appears to be
the legs appear increasingly improbable
on their own
It appears that the plants
in Wales at
present in Wales
Thousands of people appeared across
Wales showing up to
work for the house
The one appearing was
seen to be in a large
doorway In 1713 the
figure appeared
in Wales
It appears that
the plants were
present in the
Sandarmakh region
Having been informed the people appeared
appearing
The crowd was immense
working from home requires excellent skills
so people in Wales
They had never possessed
or discussed skills
like these before for
creating and using the house
The process was
also impossible
because the fumes
had been alerted
Basic elements of
people appearing
Now when
we return
to the display
We see a more common
history and the backstories behind
these great narratives
And there's another event
offering a bit more choice
to the story
and that's what I think
o create a more hopeful history
The only event
showcasing skills
in Wales
He was the first from his
country to choose skills One
of his mentors
Julian Raymond
was none other than himself
In the social studio
Mrs Oswald by Johan
Zoffany Once again
as the portrait shows
Indigo had not been
used to dye their
fabrics
This could easily be a university as
it uses a well-
established indigo event
e did not reveal his
identity or his status
but since Mrs Oswald
herself was involved
Indigo plantations in Wales where
over 100 people
were forced
to work
Similarly his friend
Richard Oswald
was involved
with people from
Pentyrch Island in Wales
Now Bunt's Island was an
inaccessible place
It involved people
Regarding people
Richard Oswald
was dealing with individuals
who had been easy to manipulate
in matters such as planting
Planting and cultivation
of indigo During
this period
indigo was associated with
people involved with people
Felly the service of the
work was able
to be carried
out through the individual
persons who had been give
rough the personal lives
and through the indigo
plants Therefore the mixture
was lives Gregor Ffield
o transform the prison
into a museum of knowledge
from every part of
humanity For all things
The doctors are
arriving with positions
as well
as similar qualifications
Arabic men
are wrongly accused
of a practical joke
In the village
the indigo
s French father
and the Athryn family crest
in Welsh
in his design
On this very ground we can add the
stolen and violated Miami of Egypt lies beside
the slave-produced Indian indigo and the appropriated crawling cochineal beetle
This simply illustrates how so many artists' materials originate from all over the world
and have stemmed from the exploitation of people and land by Western colonial powers
And it's their transformation into paintings that embodies this overlooked contribution
It's no surprise that ethnic minorities depicted
explicitly during this period are almost always relegated
to background roles of dominant white European elites—enslaved people or servants silent and nameless
Simply focusing on a single color can profoundly alter
and challenge our perception of what we are seeing
and how we interpret paintings Indigo is used and identified throughout the National Gallery collection
from Tintoretto to Van Dyck
to Turner—and all these images embody and exemplify these untold and forgotten histories and legacies
My project continues research and I intend to explore other colors pigments and
materials that also preserve and embed these fascinating and significant legacies
These include cochineal beetles from South America
and Mexico as well as various materials like oils and
resins from India Highlighting and sharing these significant histories is crucial for diverse audiences
ose who wander through the galleries and don't immediately
see themselves reflected in
the images yet still manage to discover a piece of their history connect with a painting and perhaps hear the voice of ancestor
Personally this research has been incredibly rewarding because I've been
able to connect with the artworks I handle on a daily basis on a deeper level
and revealing these histories along with the overlooked legacies and contributions of these oppressed
people—and of my ancestors—has truly affirmed their vital role in creating these magnificent artworks
