炸熱！防曬擦好擦滿了嗎？秒懂防曬，拒當黑美人｜蕭全佑 醫師｜她健康She Health

Our sunscreen is mainly to resist UV rays. UVA accounts for 95% of all UV rays. So we just need to prevent UVA? Yes, but there is another 5% called UVB. But this small 5% is more sensitive. UVB will make our skin red and sunburned. That will be more urgent. Hello, everyone. I'm Dani. Welcome to Ta Jian Kang. We all know that sunburn will make our skin darker, more wrinkled, and even uglier. So sunscreen is very important. Today, we are very happy to invite Dr. Xiao Quan, a dermatologist, to our show to share with us how to take good care of our skin. Hello, Dr. Xiao. Hello, Dani. First of all, I'd like to ask you that there are so many sunscreens like Kajas and many other brands. How do we see the ingredients? I'm sure everyone has some experience in purchasing sunscreen. When we pick up a sunscreen, there are a lot of labels on it. For example, SPF, PA, and then there are a few pluses and minuses. What is SPF and what is PA? First, we need to understand that our sunscreens are mainly used to resist UV rays. UV rays will penetrate our sunscreens and enter our earth. It's mainly UVA and UVB. Two ingredients. Yes, two ingredients. UVA accounts for 95% of all our UV rays. So we just need to prevent UVA? But there is another 5% called UVB. So it's very important. Yes, both of them are important. UVA will make our skin black without us knowing. It will cause spots and wrinkles. UVA, our sunscreen index, is mainly indicated by PA. PA is called Protection of UVA Grades. It's the protection of UVA. So the more, the better? Theoretically, the more, the better. For example, 3 pluses. The protection index is about 8 to 16. How do you calculate it? How much is 1 plus? 1 plus is 2. 2 times. 2 pluses is 2 square. 4. 3 pluses is 2 square. It's like this. It's not like this. It's not 6. So PA is actually a definition of Japan. In Europe, they have another definition. It's called PPD. So both PPD and PA are okay? Yes. PPD is Persistent Pigment Darkening. It's a European index. European standard. It's actually the same as Japan's PA plus plus. The price of Japan's PA is about 2 to 14 for PPD. I don't understand. Their indexes are different. Yes. European indexes are quantitative. For example, it's 10 and 10. In Japan, they want to simplify. So they use pluses to represent. Okay. So what we see in Europe is for example, it's 10, 20, 30. Yes. In Japan, Asia, it's more common to use pluses. 3 pluses is about 8 to 16 times the protection index. It means that if we don't check the sunscreen, it may get dark in the sun for half an hour. If we use a PA plus plus, it may get darker. For example, it gets dark for half an hour. It will get 8 to 16 times darker. It may get dark for 4 hours or 8 hours. So what we see is the more pluses, the better. The better protection. What about the SPF? SPF is called Sun Protection Factor. It mainly protects UVB. Oh, that 5%. Yes, that 5%. But the small 5% is more sensitive. Why? Because if you sunbathe in the sun, you will get darker, wrinkles, and spots. It's all out of the blue. It's late. It's a long-term change. It's a slow change. But UVB will make our skin red and sunburned. It will be more immediate. I thought people said there were two kinds of skin. One is red, and the other is black. So it's not like that. It's just easier to get red. Black will get darker slowly. I see. SPF is usually marked as SPF. Because it's more important SPF says 50. 50 means if you sunbathe in the sun for 10 minutes, you will get red. You will feel your skin is red and a little painful. If you use SPF 50, you will get sunburned in 10 minutes. It will only get sunburned in 500 minutes. So it's a multiple of SPF. It's not a factor. Yes, it's not like PA++++. It's a multiple of SPF. What does the plus sign mean? It means you can only use SPF 50. So it's 50 or more. It's 50 or more. For example, 60, 70, it's 50 or more. So we can't see SPF 70 or 80. We can't see it. We can see it's 50 or more. It's 50, 50, or 30. This is 30. Yes, so it's not more than 50. So 50 is a standard that everyone uses a lot. I think it's like this. Everyone thinks SPF 50 and SPF 30. Of course, 50 is better. 50 is almost 120. Yes. But in fact, some research shows that SPF 50 is about 98% sunburn. Only 98%. Yes, it's a lot. But SPF 30 is also 97%. It doesn't seem to be different. So I think 30 is enough. In fact, in principle, you only get 1% protection if you get 20 more. The government doesn't want everyone to write 60, 70, or 80. It's for everyone to imitate that number. Yes, 50 or more is enough. But I think I'm using it myself. It's SPF. The number is relatively small. It feels refreshing. It feels like this. So in fact, if we buy 30 and 50, I'll just buy 30. Because it feels refreshing. It doesn't feel like it's wrapped. The higher the defense rate, of course, the design of your sunscreen may be more sticky. The more sticky it is, sometimes it's relatively less comfortable It's easy to get pimples. Yes, it's easy to get pimples. So we have to change our concept. Maybe 30 or more is enough. Okay, this is the sign that we must look at. What else do we have to look at? I'll look at the texture. The texture will generally be written out. Of course, the texture must be tried. Yes. Because there are a lot of ingredients on the sunscreen. Ordinary people are unlikely to look at it. But the most straightforward way is to try it. Look at its texture. So what kind of texture will you choose? Like my skin, it's actually not very dry. Sometimes it's easy to get oil. For people with oily skin, we will choose a more refreshing texture. That is, when you squeeze it out and squeeze it on your hand, it will actually be a little fluid. Generally, it's like sunscreen, sunscreen lotion, or some sunscreen creams. This is more suitable for oily skin. I see. So just look at your skin and choose its texture. Is there a difference between 30 and 50? You will choose 30, right? I'll just choose 30. Because unless you are, for example, often by the sea or working outdoors, we will recommend choosing a higher one. If you are just a passenger, then occasionally walk on the subway, then the bus, then work, then the sun won't be out for too long. In fact, the principle is to choose a relatively refreshing one. Then SPF is about 30. It's very useful. I also want to ask that usually we girls, I don't know about boys, for example, we put on sunscreen, but we may also put on base makeup, and we may also put on... But in fact, the base makeup on it is also done very well now. It also has how much PA and SPF. So it has an added effect. In principle, you layer it layer by layer. Of course, its protection is an added effect. So I can actually choose a lighter one, right? For example, 20 or something. It's also possible. If you have a base makeup, then you don't have to put on SPF 50 In this way, you may have some freckles and pimples in a few weeks. As mentioned earlier, sunscreen and base makeup have an added effect. But in fact, we forgot one point just now. What is it? SPF 50 How much do I need to put on to get SPF 50? Oh, you mean the amount. Yes, the amount is also very important. Yes, yes, yes. How much do you need? Usually, if it's a whole face plus a neck, it's recommended that you put on 1mg of sunscreen. How much is 1mg? 1mg sounds very illusory. In fact, we take out our fingers. A finger, a finger joint. Oh, the one in front. This is called fingertip unit. A fingertip unit is 0.5g. Oh, but... So if it's a whole face plus a neck, you need two fingertip units. That's a lot. Most people don't put on that much. What if you put on less? What's the difference? If you put on a SPF 50 sunscreen as I just said, the ratio is of course 50. If you only put on half, you only put on one, you were going to put on two, but you only put on one. The SPF factor, Wenxin tested it, it only became 7. So much difference? Only 1 out of 7. That's a lot of difference. It's not... A lot of difference. So the amount is still the most important. The amount is the most important. The amount is enough. If the amount is really not that different, then you have to make up for it. You have to make up for it according to the time. Yes, because usually it's recommended to do it for 2-3 hours. Make up for it once. Almost the same. But if we already put on foundation, it's hard to put on sunscreen. You have to put on sunscreen with your heart. Maybe you have to use some wet wipes first. After you wipe off the oil, then put on sunscreen. After you put on sunscreen, you can use some powder to fix it. It's like a light makeup and then put on makeup again. Yes. Then you really have to be very patient. And you have to be very friendly to your skin. Yes. If people are busy, some people will choose sunscreen spray. Just spray it like this. Is it effective? Sunscreen spray is because it is aerated and then spray it on the skin by force. Sometimes the amount is not necessarily enough. Yes, so in terms of sunscreen effect, of course, it's not as good as you seriously re-applying it. But if you are really busy and have no time, of course, if you spray sunscreen, it's better than nothing. Just like what the doctor just said, the more sunburn, the darker it gets, and it grows slowly. But it's slow. We may not notice it. But we find that it's too late when it grows, right? So at this time, as you get older, you will think, what should I do? Should I choose a different sunscreen product? It's different ages and different skin types. How to choose? Young, middle-aged, 20, 30, 40 years old. In addition, we just mentioned that your skin type is still more developed, more oily skin. Then our sunscreen should be lighter, less greasy, such as sunscreen glue, sunscreen lotion, or sunscreen spray, etc. If you are getting older, and you find that your skin is more dry, more water-deficient, and more dry skin, then you can choose some sunscreen cream or more sticky sunscreen lotion. These will be more suitable for your skin. There is a group of people called sensitive skin. Sensitive skin is that you are easily red, easily to anything, as long as it is too bright or unsuitable, we can choose sunscreen cream, which contains less spices, alcohol, or some spices and colorants. Similarly, the group of children is also more like the group of sensitive skin. When a child just grows up, sometimes his skin barrier is not so good. In principle, the choice is the same. Just try to choose no spices, no colorants, and then there are no additives. We just talked about younger skin. How old do you recommend to start using sunscreen? In principle, about 18 to 20 years old. When you are a teenager. You can start using sunscreen when you are a teenager. But I see some babies, foreign babies, their mothers seem to help them with sunscreen. Yes. In principle, it is not recommended for children under 6 months to apply sunscreen. Under 6 months, in principle, just let him wear a hat and help him hold an umbrella. It's OK. Under 3 years old, in principle, it is not recommended to apply sunscreen. It means that if you want to help your child apply sunscreen for more than 6 months, it's OK. But usually, it is recommended that children under 3 years old still use physical sunscreen. Why not for children under 6 months? Is it because his skin has not yet developed? Yes. Because it's too young. After all, sunscreen is not an additive. If you pick it up like this, wow, a lot. I don't know which things you put on will irritate your skin. So it's not recommended for children under 6 months. Our friend asked us, he said, now, there are many 3C products. Will my face turn black Yes, yes, yes. Many people will ask this. In fact, for this kind of problem, he has studied that we use sunscreen like this. Then, which race, such as Asians, yellow people, white people, or black people, are more likely to develop spots? It turns out to be Asians. Why? Asians use sunscreen for a long time. It may lead to an increase in the frequency of oxidation. This is probably a kind of germ material. If the germ material is used for a long time, it may be easier to cause some dry spots on our skin or the so-called yellow spots. But don't worry too much. Why? Because this study took 10 days in a row, and it was illuminated with pure blue light. That shouldn't be possible. Yes, we can't look at the tablet for 10 days in a row. But it's possible that children who play e-sports have to be careful. So in principle, we still focus our attention on preventing UV rays. Because UV rays are really easy to cause black, red, sunburn, age, wrinkles. Yes, the blue light is like you. Don't be too sincere. Sometimes you don't have to worry too much. I found that it's okay in Europe and America. Especially in Asia, we like to add whitening ingredients to sunscreen. But because whitening has to do with whether to use it or not. So how do we choose? If you really want to use some drugs, I would recommend that dermatologists help you determine your problem first. So you recommend that whitening is treated and sunscreen is separated. Everything is simple. The simpler, the better. You focus on sunscreen. You focus on whitening. Separate everything. In this way, which one is effective? It's easier for you to know. According to your dermatologist's expertise, what kind of whitening product and what ingredients are written on it is confirmed to be effective. Because for us, I may not understand many ingredients. Yes. In order to let everyone have a clear understanding, dermatologists mark out some cosmetics or skin care products that are exactly whitening ingredients. So you can find it on the Internet. You can find it on the Internet. In principle, it's probably a vitamin C-type product. Or some products such as apricot tree, orange acid, citric acid, and so on. So the higher the factor, the more ingredients it has, the more whitening effect it has. These effective whitening ingredients need to have a certain concentration to have an effect. It's not just adding, right? Yes. If you add a little bit, it may have a little effect. For example, how much citric acid should be added to have an effect? According to your expertise. Citric acid can't. Citric acid is probably an exfoliant to make your skin brighter. It's more even. It will make your skin brighter. But in principle, it's not whitening in general. OK, I see. So you have a basic judgment Yes, a basic judgment. So if you want to see the whitening effect you may ask the doctor to choose according to your skin. Ask the doctor to recommend what kind of content I need to buy. And the index, for example, how much concentration it should have. Right? Can we buy similar products Yes, you can. Generally, whitening products contain vitamin C. If it focuses on whitening, it will definitely list its important ingredients. So we just look at its important ingredients. Yes, look at its important ingredients. If it doesn't list specifically, even if it has concentration, it won't add too much. If it does, it will definitely promote it. This logic is also right. For example, look at its main ingredients, how much concentration it has. Then compare it to see if this is useful and this is useful. OK, this is also a method. Because not everyone may like to see a doctor. Yes, you can set it up yourself. But do you mind that people don't check it casually? Of course, sunscreen contains a lot of ingredients. So if you are really sensitive to skin, after you choose a sunscreen, you can try it first. For example, you can try it. The skin of the hand and face may not be the same. So you can try it on the face. Then apply it for two or three days in a row. If you don't think it's too burdensome, So what do you recommend? You must try it. I think you have to try it. Then if you go, look at the label first. SPF, I think about 30 or more is enough for ordinary people. PA is about three plus. It's almost enough. Next, open it and squeeze it out to see its texture. The texture is like you look at your skin. If your skin is easy to get oily, choose a refreshing one. If your skin is dry, a little moist is OK. If you are really worried, you can try it. If it doesn't work for a few days, then apply it all over your face. Thank you very much, doctor, for sharing with us how to choose our sunscreen and make our skin more and more beautiful. I hope everyone can keep their white skin and have a bright and transparent skin. Thank you again, doctor. Thank you. Bye bye, everyone. Bye bye.