Lịch Sử Phật Giáo Việt Nam Qua Các Thời Kỳ

Hurry to come, hurry to go, hurry to quiver Hurry to get along, hurry to part Hurry to eat, hurry to speak, hurry to breathe Hurry to enjoy quickly, hurry to get old What do you think the above verses speak of? Rush, frustration, pressure to live Did you know? Before the whole generation of us talk about FOMO about psychological issues in modern society there was a religious wisdom that went deep into this topic Looking for the answer to the question How to escape from suffering? Can you guess what religion it is? I would like to suggest This is one of the oldest religions Born about 2,600 years ago The origin of this religion does not believe in the God or the God They focus on achieving enlightenment Awakening See clearly the essence of real life This is also the religion that has a lot of influence on life And the way of thinking of the Vietnamese That is Buddhism The origin of Buddhism Buddhism was born in the context of a society in which there were many problems Under the influence of the Balamon religion The Balamon religion, the division of Indian society Make 5 classes Whoever is born in any class must stay in that class forever The class above all is the Balamon Tantra Born from the mouth of Dung Pham Thien, Brahman Have the right to maintain the highest position in society The exclusive right to worship the gods and gods The second class is the Sathdevi Born from the shoulder of Dung Pham Thien This class includes kings, nobles, nobles, nobles, nobles, nobles, nobles They have the right to rule and punish their people The third class is the Phra Sa Born from the throat of Dung Pham Thien This class includes merchants, rich owners They maintain the economy, trade, selling, and trading With the upper class in society The fourth class is Dala Born from the feet of Dung Pham Thien This class includes farmers and poor workers The fifth class is Dala This is the lowest class in Indian society Includes people doing miserable jobs Such as land register, hiring, using boats, killing animals, etc. The Palamon sect was founded on the basis of religion to strengthen the status and power of the sect. The sect was founded on the basis of religion to strengthen the status and power of the sect. This created discrimination and discrimination in Indian society at that time. Therefore, many studies have shown that Buddhism was born as a revolution against the authority of the Palamon. Buddhist morality contains a balanced spiritual content, non-spirituality, progress. This will be discussed more in the next part of the video. So how did Buddhism come to be? The story is that Tathagata Bodhisattva, or Buddha, belonged to the Sat-Deli line, the rank of the uncle king, the highest rank in India. Since childhood, he has lived in abundance. Life has nothing to think about. My dear parents, my relatives, my wife and children. So when I was 29 years old, I decided to leave everything to find the truth of my life. It is said that in a journey, Buddha met death. That is, birth, old age, disease, death. And he had an idea of fate. Everyone is old and dead. Lost like a cloud in the sky. One day, Buddha came out of the palace and sent back his hair and clothes to the people around him. He changed his clothes with a tailor. And from there, he cut off all his hair with the powder he had previously used to lead himself into the life of experience. An extraordinary miracle. There was a time when he thought he had come close to death, but he had not yet reached Nirvana. At first, he went to learn from the most famous Indian Taoists of his time. But then Buddha realized that their principles and ways of life were nothing to escape from. Since then, he went into seclusion in the snowy mountains. He trained himself to find the way to escape as he wished. But after 6 years of suffering, he still did not collect any objective results. Now, the day he went to the top of the mountain, he sat under the Bodhi tree, also known as the Garbha Tree, to commemorate the Garbha of the Buddha under that tree, which is why it is called the Garbha Tree. He sat there and vowed that if he did not collect any results, even if his flesh and bones were destroyed, he would never rise again. At midnight on the 49th day, in the heart of the Buddha, a natural Garbha, the mind of the Buddha, reached Nirvana. The day he received the sign of the Garbha of the Buddha, in about 45 years, which is said to be 49 years, the Garbha of the Buddha went everywhere to spread the teachings of Buddha Dharma, the teachings of the Buddha Dharma, the equanimity in suffering, and the path to liberation. The universe, according to the Buddha Dharma, is always changing. Change happens as quickly as the blink of an eye, and the world has no beginning, no end, no end. It is also the infinite, that is, there is no fixed existence, but there is, and there is not. Man also belongs to that endless stream, so nothing is himself, that is, infinite. These changes, in modern terms, are caused by the movement of the body, not from the outside, but from karma, according to the law of karma. Depending on the karma, the transformation of the living beings occurs in the Nirvana and the Supra-Nirvana, or from this Nirvana to the other Nirvana, that is, Nirvana. Buddhism says that human life is suffering, is the suffering on the surface from birth, maturity, to death. Birth, old age, disease, death, suffering, that is, birth as a human being, the sound of crying for life, is the beginning of suffering. Then aging over time, is also suffering. Disease, according to rebirth, no one can avoid, is also suffering. Until the end of a life, no one wants, is also suffering. Buddhism says that people are equal to each other in suffering. Suffering does not belong to any class and does not belong to anyone. Buddhism affirms that everyone can be liberated and equal to each other on the path of liberation. Especially, that path of liberation is not saved by any supernatural force, but each person has to choose to go by himself, to come by himself, by overcoming oneself, with both faith and moral behavior. The moral idea of Buddhism is most concentrated in the Four Noble Truths, that is, the Four Truths, the Truth and the Eight Correct Methods, that is, the Eight Precepts, so that people can liberate themselves and reach Nirvana. The Four Precepts, also known as the Four Noble Truths, or the Four Precepts, is called the Four Precepts. The Precepts means the Truth, so the Four Precepts are called the Four Truths as the Truth. The First Truth is that all human beings have to depend and endure all things such as suffering, disappointment, discomfort, illness, aging, death, anxiety, worry. In short, everyone is suffering, that is, always depending on suffering and discontentment, no one can escape. The Second Truth is that the causes of all kinds of suffering in all beings and humans are desires, that is, greed, desire, but desires are the wrong illusions of humans about a soul, about ourselves, and because of us, want to be for the present, want to have for the future, and in the end, all those desires and disappointments lead to suffering. Suffering because of non-repentance, suffering because of bad things. In short, according to Buddhism, if there is no disappointment, there is no such suffering. The Third Truth is that the end or annihilation of all suffering is the state of escape from suffering and happiness. Therefore, we must clean up the origin and cause of suffering. The origin and cause of suffering are desire and greed. Desire is expressed by the greedy nature of our mind, so we must execute the annihilation of all those greedy nature to annihilate desire. The Fourth Truth is that the annihilation of all suffering and the origin of suffering can be done through a path of execution. There is a path to achieve this, the Eightfold Path, which is the Path of Evasion. This is what Buddha found and taught us. The Eightfold Path Buddha advises everyone to follow the path of Buddhism to avoid the extremes of the desire for observance and the extremes of the path of execution to find the truth and escape. The Eightfold Path includes the Eightfold Path The Eightfold Path The Great Buddha The Great Buddha Mahayana means the Great Path of Salvation Great Old Way It is called the Reformed Religion The Great Buddha's teaching has many new things compared to the original Buddhism This side says that not only the people who go on the pilgrimage but also the Buddhas are also saved Therefore, the main goal of the people who follow the Great Buddha is not only to liberate themselves but also to help many people to liberate themselves The Great Buddha said everyone can go to Nibbana only by their own effort and also to liberate many people The Great Buddha's teaching is that the rebirth and Nibbana are not two different realms Right in the process of existence the process of rebirth can also reach Nibbana According to the Great Buddha Nibbana is a strange place It is the world of the Buddhas like the heaven of other religions According to the Great Buddha not only Thích Ca is a Buddha but also many other Buddhas such as Buddha Ajita, Buddha Dinh Lạc, Buddha Đại Dược Sư Everyone can become a Buddha In fact, many people have become Buddhas such as Bodhisattva Van Thù Bodhisattva Quân Âm, Bodhisattva Phổ Huỳnh and so on With that concept the temples that follow the Great Buddha worship many Buddhas Bodhisattvas are also the object of worship Bodhisattvas are those who have achieved Nibbana and volunteer to stay in the world to save people Among them, Bodhisattva Quân Âm is the most respected In my opinion Buddhism of the Great Buddha is spread to many places in the world First of all, Asian countries from India to Tibet then to China, Japan, North Korea Vietnam During that process the Great Buddha temple is also divided into many temples such as Pháp Tương Tông Tâm Luận Tông, Hoa Nguyên Tông Mật Tông, Tịnh Độ Tông and Thiền Tông Buddhism's entry into Vietnam in the first basic steps actually did not originate from China but was directly transferred from India From around the 1st and 2nd century AD Based on reliable historical evidence some researchers of Buddhism have affirmed this Buddhism's entry into Vietnam until the 10th century For Vietnamese people now the Great Buddha is a high-ranking person who understands everything knows the good people and helps the good people to punish the bad people This view makes people easily accept the Buddha's karma In addition to the Great Buddha, they also believe that there are other gods such as God of Rain, God of Dust, etc as the subjects of the Great Buddha They believe that the souls of the dead still exist around the house to support the family This makes them feel easy to get close when they come into contact with the Buddha's teachings the continuation of life The harmony between the indigenous beliefs and the basic cultural and religious life of Buddhism has formed a kind of peaceful Buddhism in the first century AD The Vietnamese thought that the Buddha was like a Buddha who came from the word Buddha who was able to hear and know everything like God But Buddha was not above but close to everyone Buddha appeared in many forms to save people Buddha loved people but did not punish evil like God did In the second century, Buddhism's entry was in a new phase Monks began to chant sutras and compose and the Zen temple was built In this century, Buddhism also faced some obstacles from the supporters of the Great Buddha who had the opposite ideology of Buddhism However, this could not prevent the influence of Buddhism when it penetrated into the people The concept of Buddha still connects the basic beliefs of the people and the Buddha in the previous century but it was more colorful Buddhism was introduced in the sense that it was presented as the origin of Taoism and Buddhism but it still had a color of the Buddha The entry of Buddhism from the North In the third century, Buddhism from the North began to have an influence on Buddhism in Vietnam The book also noted that in this century, Zen books were brought down from the people However, when it comes to the entry of Buddhism in Vietnam, it was basically completed in the 10th century On one hand, there was the direct entry from India plus the influence of Buddhism from the North On the other hand, there was the birth of Vietnamese Zen There were some first Zen practices but they were very strong From here, we can see the period from the 10th century to the 16th century Buddhism from the Dynasties Lê, Lý, Trần from the 13th century to the 15th century The influence of Buddhism between the Dynasties At the end of the Northern period, Buddhism spread all over the world Annam-do-Ho-Phu, Vietnam, had a high level of Vietnamese There were universities in China, India and the South The contribution to the construction and protection of the country was respected by the people as the knowledge of the times Therefore, when the country was independent the people were chosen as the symbol of the spirit, culture and ideology along with the king of the country In addition, in the 10th century, the newly independent country was gradually strengthening It was preparing to face the internal distribution factors The young independent country needed a symbol of consciousness a spiritual tool to build a bridge to manage the country Meanwhile, the paths of Buddhism had not been fully developed In this situation, Buddhism had an advantage in the society Dinh Tien Hoang, after ascending to the throne in 1971 had decided to raise the level of the island at the same time as the government Dinh Tien Hoang, after ascending to the throne in 1971 had decided to raise the level of the island at the same time as the government Dinh Tien Hoang, after ascending to the throne in 711 had decided to raise the level of the island at the same time as the government Dinh Tien Hoang, after ascending to the throne in 711 had decided to raise the level of the island at the same time as the government Dinh Tien Hoang, after ascending to the throne in 711 Buddhism continued to play a major role in politics Right from the start, that is, the establishment of this dynasty Buddhism played a decisive role Although it helped the Tien Le family but in the face of the country's bad situation under the rule of Le Dong Dinh the throne did not hesitate to support Ly Cong Nguan to end the fake system of Le Ngoai Trieu By a mass movement through the provinces about the strength of the people Ly Cong Nguan was born into a monastic family and played a role of benevolence It goes without saying that the first step to build Ly's house was Buddhism The benevolence is also believed to have persuaded Ly Cong Nguan to leave the capital from Hoa Lu to Thang Long with the intention to defend the long-standing independence of the people The monks and the Buddhists also directly participated in politics through directly establishing plans, drafting literature, conducting sermons, and dealing with military issues Despite the interference and politics, the monks and the Buddhists did not participate in the government Therefore, when the temple was stronger and could destroy everything by themselves they naturally retreated with their own resourcefulness and spiritual and moral guidance retreated with their own spirituality when the mission for the whole country with the general public was completed In terms of academic literature, the monks and the Buddhists mainly contributed to the training of a level of knowledge that was deep and deep But they were not stubborn and knew how to combine the differences between these three doctrines Many monks and the Buddhists admired all three religions such as Khu Viet, Van Hanh, Dao Hanh, Vien Giap, Man Giap and were willing to pass on to the disciples the essence of the political and social views of the three religions When the mission was completed they were also willing to use the theory of Buddhism The knowledge of Buddhism was used according to the Buddhist spirit and contributed a lot to the study of Buddhism With the influence of the spiritual guidance of the monks and the Buddhists Buddhism in the time of Ly created a political culture full of humanity Ly was considered the purest dynasty in the history of Vietnamese feudalism The kings of this dynasty had a moral and spiritual life They did not fight, revolt, or persecute Instead, they followed a political path of tolerance and compassion to the people and the enemies Ly Thái Tông forgave the high nobles Ly Thánh Tông did not kill the unfaithful ancestors Buddhism in this period also contributed a lot to the cultural life Buddhism became the main literature of this era The architectural and ideological works also contributed artistic values There are not many works left now but the book says In the days of King Ly Thái Tổ Ly Thánh Tông, Ly Nhân Tông, Ly Thần Tông built and built many pagodas, towers and painted many Buddha statues These works were not only for the royals but also for the people One of Ly's works that is still one of the symbols of the Vietnamese people is the Một Cột Pagoda built in 1149 at that time it was called Dien Hieu Pagoda The influence of Buddhism in the era of Ly At the beginning of Ly's reign the monks were still directly involved in the work of Buddhism The royal family needed education, diplomatic talent, the ability to educate, the connection of their hearts But when it came to Ly, the situation was different The kings of Ly still developed more than ever The direct influence on politics, economy, culture, society of Ly became a national spirit of the present With the work of King Ly Thái Tông focused on studying Buddhism King Ly Nhân Tông built the pagoda of Trúc Lâm Ly Thánh Tông's brother-in-law became the governor-general King Ly Anh Tông also had the main purpose of conquering the island after surrendering but was not able to do so Buddhism actually became a spiritual force supporting politics and vice versa The pagoda was a power to strengthen Buddhism It can be said that the period of Nhân Tông was a period of extreme Buddhism in our country In terms of culture Buddhism at this period was also the main factor Trần Thái Tông's study created a real Buddhist atmosphere In his youth, he only studied in Thăng Long The success of Thương Thành in Thánh Tông and Tuệ Trung's study was also a motivation for this Buddhism in Trần's time brought a spirit of tolerance and freedom This was what created social and ethnic cultures in this period Buddhism did not only criticize the old and the young but also allowed these ethnic groups to develop freely In the atmosphere of freedom and openness the pagoda showed up in a positive way and developed the study Many talented people appeared It was the spirit of tolerance and openness of Buddhism that allowed the study of Trần's time to be free of restrictions to follow the policy of freedom of religion without discrimination to be trained from tradition and ethics This built up a culture of self-discipline and self-awareness Trần's time was affected by the profound influence of Zen The monk looked at things with the eyes of a well-intentioned person The life of Buddhism was a significant feature of this period The king Nhân Tông who was leading the army brought peace and order to the country and made the whole country become peaceful The practice of Buddhism was really popular in the country The pagodas spread all over the country The people were only worried about building pagodas According to Nguyễn Dữ's book the number of people who cut their hair to become monks was half of the population Of course, in reality it was hard to reach that level But that showed the importance and the great influence of Buddhism at that time To raise awareness of the danger of too many monks and not being able to follow the law would lead to the collapse of the church Phái Trúc Lâm had insisted on the law and set clear rules for organizing, living, and managing the church At that time, the pagodas had become an economic force It was easy to understand because of the support of the church and the political and social forces The spirit of Buddhism spread all over the country The book also noted that the land was given a lot to the pagodas Báo Ân, Quỳnh Lâm, Sùng Nghiêm, Vĩnh Nghiêm Mai, Côn Sơn were the big pagodas at that time Quỳnh Lâm had more than 1,000 acres and had 1,000 farmers The harvest from here was probably used in the Buddhism and monkhood of the whole church The Buddha came to Nguyễn from the 15th century to the 20th century After the Buddha's reign from the time of Lý to the end of Trần's life to Trần's life Thiếu Đế was forced by Hồ Quý Lý to build a big pagoda But after that, Nhà Minh brought troops to attack Hồ Quý Lý and forced them to rule Đại Việt Nhà Minh implemented the policy of suppressing all evil and gave the Buddhist book Đốt Phá Chùa Truyền at the beginning of the 15th century 13 years later, Bình Định Vương rose again with the support of Nguyễn Trãi stood up to kick out Khởi Nghĩa kicked out Nguyễn Trãi won back independence Nha Lê ruled from 1427 to 1527 Lê Lợi won the battle of Ngoại Sâm and became the king which marked an important step in the life of Vietnamese society In the field of religion Buddhism gave way to Confucianism This was mainly due to the political life of Vietnamese society which was to build and strengthen the country However, in the large part of the population the impact of Buddhism was quite large At that time, Buddhism included three elements calm, good, secret, combined with self-denial, self-abandonment, and forgiveness In addition, Nha Lê limited all religious organizations some churches built temples etc. In general, the role of Buddhism at that time was reduced compared to before Buddhism did not directly participate in the main activities as before but formed an influence in the life of the people The period of the North-South division from 1528 to 1802 or the period of King Lê and the Northern Emperor Emperor Nguyễn Hoàng in the South At the time of the Nguyễn-Vân-Tranh two parties, the inside and the outside with two different social circumstances The outside society was declining so Buddhism also demanded development while the inside society was thriving The life of the people during the decline of the country also made many people return to Buddhism For the people, this decline was just a source of spiritual comfort a spiritual sanctuary to ward off the suffering in the hearts of Vietnamese people For King Quan, they devoted themselves to Buddhism and supported Buddhism but this was just a place to create merit for them without knowing that the spirit of Buddhism was the main thing for the peace of the country However, the decline of the people in the ruling class has created a favorable environment for the revival of Buddhism This revival was boosted by two motivations First, there were many Chinese monks who came to the island and brought a source of energy to the Buddhism of Vietnam especially at that time, the Buddhism of Dang Chong Second, the intellectual class stood in front of the many obstacles and began to study Buddhism and many people came out to become a new source of energy for the revival of Buddhism The period of Nguyễn 1788-1945 From 1788 to 1802 Nguyễn Tây Sơn unified the country 14 years after the death of Vô Quang Trung Nguyễn Huệ was in the process of revolutionizing the country Buddhism was reformed by demolishing small temples in the neighboring villages to concentrate the material to build large, beautiful, majestic temples and invite monks with moral and ethical qualities to lead and lead and those who are not worthy to be royals This reform started from the decay of temples and the degeneration of monks during the time of Nguyễn Vân Tranh Although this reform is not suitable for Buddhism because Buddhism is a religion But anyway this is just an effort to promote and develop Buddhism in a large-scale program But Vô Quang Trung died soon so the Buddhism reform did not have a clear result Next is the period of Nguyễn Gia Long from 1802 to 1945 After defeating Nguyễn Tây Sơn Nguyễn Gia Long took a violent and cruel punishment for his enemies such as Nguyễn Nhạc and Nguyễn Huệ The son of Vô Quang Trung and Princess Ngọc Hân and the generals Tây Sơn Tran Quang Diệu, Bùi Thị Xuân and other generals along with his wife were beheaded Due to the policy of Nguyễn Ánh fear of the influence of religion At this stage, Nguyễn Tây Sơn became a monastic Therefore, although there are many temples in the country, there is no system of close communication with each other The communication and development of Buddhism also decreased From 1858 to 1945 Vietnam was divided into three sides and the government protected all ways to develop Buddhism Vietnamese Buddhism was suppressed and destroyed Buddhism in the 20th century Vietnamese Buddhism experienced the most difficult period under two great emperors In the later period, after Nguyễn, Buddhism had to give way to Confucianism At that time, it was taking the role of monasticism The great emperor Nguyễn passed on to the emperor Tự Đức and lost his sovereignty Our country fell into the hands of the French Vietnamese Buddhism has deteriorated From 1920 to 1930 In the bustling atmosphere of Buddhism in the world, especially in Japan, China, India and India Some monks and monks have initiated the Buddhism movement in Vietnam Since then, it led to the establishment of the Vietnamese Buddhist Association in the North in 1934 In the Central, the Annam Buddhism Association was also launched in 1934 In Bình Định, there is the Bình Định Buddhism Association In Đà Nẵng, there is the Phật Học Association published in Tam Bảo magazine Thanks to this Buddhism movement, the Tăng Ni team has been trained in many schools and developed in many provinces Buddhist temples are built everywhere especially the Phật Học temple system in the cities Many temples in the village are renovated and managed by the Tăng Ni temple Until November 1981 After 6 years of country change a conference with 165 representatives of 9 associations was held in Hanoi and led to the establishment of the Vietnamese Buddhist Association Buddhism in the modern age Today, Buddhism has been deeply influenced by the spiritual life of the ethnic group to the psychological life, customs, life of Vietnamese people For many Vietnamese people, Buddhism is not only about the idealistic ideology but also about an ideal personality Something that is peaceful, close to the heart with their feelings such as doing good, self-abandonment, not enjoying justice The spiritual life of Vietnamese people is also influenced by Buddhist ideas such as being kind like Buddha, self-abandonment like Bodhisattva, evil like bad news, good like good news, or the saying, the spiritual life of Vietnamese people is influenced by Buddhism Professor Tran Van Dau wrote Buddhism is popular in the majority of people People don't know anything about Buddhism but they only know about good luck, good fortune, Buddha said, I am Buddha, they are Buddha. Because people are the center, all Buddhist teachings are about the moral values of people. 2. Respect others' benefits and virtues This spirit is shown by Buddha's no killing, no stealing, no lying, no drinking, and no stealing. In some state, the Buddha's spirit is very suitable for the policy of the party and the country. In this new situation, he helps the society stable to reduce the social accidents. The traditional values and morals are expressed. 3. The world is peaceful. Buddhism with the idea and peace for each country and world, opposed to wars and invasions, opposed to the use of weapons of mass destruction, called for liberation, protection of the environment. This has similarities and is in line with the traditional love for the peace of the nation. Thus, to this day, Buddhist morality still has and is closely related to the morality of Vietnamese people. The Way to become a Buddha What is a Buddha? A person according to Buddhism, a Buddha is a living being who follows the teachings of the Buddha's teachings. In layman's terms, a Buddha is a person who has or has begun to accumulate for the purification of the mind to become a better person for oneself and everyone around. They try to reduce the bad feelings in the mind through greed and hatred. They are also practicing to live according to the principles of morality, according to the teachings of the Buddha. How to become a Buddha? There are two ways to become a Buddha, the formal way and the informal way. The formal way is to commit oneself to try to live according to the teachings of the Buddha, which is the action of wanting to become a Buddha. This action is often referred to as following the Buddha's teachings, that is, believing in the words of the Buddha, teaching the Dharma, and accumulating merits, which are the Three Jewels, the Three Jewels of Buddhism. All of this begins with three actions of one's own, that is, reciting the Buddha's name, accepting the Three Jewels, making sure to live according to the five precepts in the Buddha's teachings. It is not necessary to have any formal rituals to become a Buddha, because the Buddha emphasizes the practice of teaching the Dharma, not to raise any rituals or rituals. As for the informal way, you can stay at home, anywhere, in front of a statue or a Buddha statue, or nothing at all. You just need to kneel or sit down to read the above sentences and then recite the Buddha's name. This is the way to become a Buddha. When it comes to the liberation from greed the practice of Buddhism for many people is a need for greed