Ceea Ce Au Găsit Recent In Petra A Șocat Lumea!

Hello my dears and welcome to a new documentary! It is believed that the old and mysterious Sith Petra from Jordan has been inhabited, in one way or another, for about 9,000 years, although its existence was kept secret by the modern West until 1812, when the Swedish explorer Johann Ludwig Burckhardt rediscovered and revealed to the world its greatness. Petra, Jordan, was designated a World Heritage Site in 1985 and was described by UNESCO as one of the most precious cultural properties of the cultural heritage of man. In the Arab tradition, Petra is the place where Moses hit a rock with his staff and water came out, and where his sister Miriam is buried. The word Petra, as in the case of Peter, means rock and is derived from the Greek and Arabic languages. It is a wonderful name, because this ancient city is literally sculpted from the hills and flowers of red rose. Although Petra in Jordan is most often associated with Nabateans, it has been occupied by many tribes and nations throughout the millennia. The true mystery of Petra, the Lost City, is little known about its history, although this is likely to change, because every year new studies and excavations slowly reveal the secrets of the place. Evidence of the neolithic settlement of Jordan and Petra, in the form of six ascending rows of dwellings, were discovered near Baida and suggest that it could be one of the oldest sites known of human settlements in the world. It has been proven impossible to identify exactly when the history of Petra began in Jordan. Tradition says that the first people who lived in the area were Horitsi who lived in caves. It is believed that the Edomites settled in the region during the first millennium BC. There is a reference in the Bible that they were one of the nations that refused to allow the lost Jews, led by Moses, to enter their lands. The Edomites undertook a complete and systematic conquest of the Jordanian region and established a fortress that included the fields of the Um plateau of Biarach. Archaeological remains of many dwellings, dating from the 7th century BC, were found in the area. In addition, the remains of the rainwater collection tanks, dating from this period, indicates that the occupants already experimented with water management systems that were to become so important for the success of the city of Petra in the centuries to come. It is known that the Edom nation existed still in the 8th or 9th century BC. The Old Testament dates it a few centuries ago. Recent archaeological evidence may indicate an Edomite nation that existed still in the 11th century BC, but the subject remains controversial. It should be noted that, in accordance with the mysterious origins of Petra, the American Museum of Natural History contradicts the belief that Petra in Jordan was also Edom. A quote from their site about Petra says Petra's location in the holy land of the Arabs, Christians and Jews has added enormous to its attractiveness. Some writers have mistakenly identified Petra with the ancient Edom, cursed in the Old Testament because it prohibited Moses and the Israelites. In Petra, abandoned for a long time, many visitors have seen a strong confirmation of the words of Prophet Jeremiah. Edom will be a desert and anyone who passes by it will be amazed. In the 4th century BC, a new nation appeared in the region, the Nabateans. Little is known about the origin of these people, but it is believed that they were part of a migration from the south of the Arabian Peninsula. This group has gradually taken control over what is today the south of Jordan and established a sophisticated trade network with the capital city of Petra. As their power grew, the Nabateans quickly gained control over the trade routes from the Red Sea to the coast of the Mediterranean. No one is sure exactly what goods were moved, but it is possible that there were reeds, myrrh, myrids, gold and copper, as well as precious stones and even some slaves. It is said that in 312 BC, the leader of Syria, Antigonus I Monophthalmus, that is, the one with one eye, who succeeded Alexander the Great, initiated two great attacks on Petra. The first was led by Ateneus, and the second by his own son, Demetrius. Both military campaigns failed. The steep, almost inexhaustible defense of Petra and the decision of the Nabateans won the day. At the peak of their power, Petra not only possessed the advantages of a natural fortress, but also controlled the main trade routes that passed through it to Gaza in the west, to Bosra and Damascus in the north, and over the desert to the Persian Gulf. Unfortunately, not much is known about the Nabateans in Jordan, although there are references and indications that can be found in the texts of history. The first mentions a Nabatean king, Harith or Aretas, and dates from the 3rd century BC, and refers to the sanctuary he secured for the great priest Jason of Jerusalem, when Antioch confirmed to Menelaus the brother of Simon Benjamin in his place, and thus forced Jason to exile. A more precise chronology of the Nabatean kings can be established starting with 100 BC, then on the basis of the appearance of more written references. The Roman general Pompey seems to have conquered the Nabateans in 64-63 BC. Fortunately for Petra, he believed that there were benefits to maintaining an independent Nabatea, which could function as a buffer zone against tribes from the desert. The power and prestige of the Nabatean kingdom in modern Jordan reached its peak during the reign of Harith III, Philodermus and Harith IV, Malik II and Rabel. However, even if the city of Petra expanded, the first signs appeared that the independent domination of the Nabateans was threatened. From the north, the influence of the Roman Empire was becoming more and more powerful. In the south, new trade routes were discovered and developed, which encircled Petra and even Jordan. Some historians and experts in the medium believe that this was also a period of visible climate change. Petra was always relatively dry and developed a sophisticated system of watercourses and water storage tanks both to supply water and to protect the city from floods, but now things were changing. In a period when the city of success demanded more water, it rained less. The city of Petra has always depended on food imports, but once the trade dropped, it had to find ways to supply its own food. This theory is supported by evidence of the intense agricultural efforts of the Nabateans, which can still be seen in southern Jordan and in Negev. In this climate of change, the Nabatean regat still managed to resist the final absorption of the nations in the Roman Empire and to survive the ever-growing economic difficulties. Once Rabel II died in 106, the power of the Nabateans became precarious. Emperor Roman Trajan, i.e. Marcus Ulpius Nerva Trajanus, already famous for his military success in conquering the Dacian nation led by King Decebal in 106 AD, pushed further east and eventually conquered Nabatea in 107 AD. Trajan ordered the governor of Syria, Cornelius Palma, to make Nabatea, i.e. Jordan, in a Roman province with the capital at Bosra. For the Nabateans, it was the end of their power, and they began to decline as a nation, although life for the ordinary citizen probably continued normally. The short-lived province of Arabia Petraea was formed, and although Petra was no longer the capital of the region, it seems that it continued to grow and to do well under its leader, and even received the title of metropolis or mother town. Even if it lacked real power, Petra still exerted an extraordinary influence in the region. For example, when Emperor Hadrian visited it in 130 AD, he was so impressed by its greatness and aura of mystery that he renamed it Hadriana Petra, sometimes now called Hadriana Petra. Even if the Nabateans declined, the city experienced a flood of new people of Roman, Greek, Arab and Semitic origin. This mixture of cultures must have made Petra a remarkable place and full of life, and it may be the reason why it has continued to flourish for a while now. However, the Roman domination of the region was under constant threat, and during the reign of Emperor Alexander the Seventh, between 222-235 AD, just when the city of Petra was at the peak of its new power, the first major disaster seems to have hit. Jordan. Many historians attribute this to an invasion of the Sasanid Empire, Neo-Persian. The coin has ceased to be beaten, and at once no new and solemn tombs are built. Petra's final decline began. It can only be imagined and speculated as it should have been, as from year to year fewer merchants came to Petra, as the city of Palmira attracted Arab traders. As time went by, the city would have probably had a degraded appearance. A person can imagine the remaining civic leaders talking about their food and arguing when they should leave. Recordings show that Petra in Jordan has continued to be a city of success and a center of religion. Christianity has certainly prevailed in Petra until the 4th century AD, 500 years after Petra became an important shopping center. Alexandria's Athanasius mentions a bishop of Petra named Asterius. At least one of the tombs on the left, the Tomb of Urnei, was used as a church. This was today's subject. Thank you for being with me and don't forget to subscribe to the channel. Until next time, I wish you all the best!