Formation/Establishment of United Nations Organisation

Hi everyone So once again welcome everyone to Law Vita This is Radhya Gupta and today in this tutorial we'll be discussing the key events that led to the establishment of the United Nations Tell you who the events were that led to the establishment of the United Nations and how they came into existence On one hand the failure of the League of Nations and on the other the horror and ruthless destruction wrought by the Second World War deeply unsettled many minds particularly in the Allied countries We had seen in the previous video how the League of Nations which was established had failed due to many serious weaknesses Then almost immediately the Second World War broke out on the other side causing widespread destruction Around 70 million people had logged in from wherever the allied countries were located She was extremely distressed at that time Tell the allied countries during World War 2 our Great Britain France the US China sari humari allied countries hi allied powers thi aur iske opposite opposite mein thi World War 2 mein that was known as Central Power jiske andar humara Germany tha Austria Hungary and Turkey were part of the Axis Powers which also included Germany Italy and Japan forming the two opposing sides in World War 2 That's what I wanted to discuss—how the failure of the League of Nations led to the devastation of the Second World War despite the existence of so many Allied powers Many countries had become highly disturbed yet he expressed his desire that it is necessary to establish peace and make such efforts wherever it may be let there be no recurrence of such a tragedy and let no such situation arise that makes achieving this goal impossible in order to achieve this objective Several efforts were made to establish an international organization Efforts had already begun in 1941 by which time our World War 2 had been underway since 1939 and would continue until 1945 The effort to establish an international organization on a global scale had already begun as early as 1941 my point is the United Nations was founded in the ashes of war so it wouldn't be entirely wrong to say that in a way the truth is indeed as it is Even in the ashes of World War 2 that's where we found our United Nations—yes we discovered it right there Now that we've covered what it is let's return to our topic and take a look at our basic eight events at led to the establishment of the United Nations—the first being the London Declaration in 1941 followed by the Atlantic Charter in 1941 and then the United Nations Declaration in 1942 Moscow Declaration 1943 Tehran Declaration 1943 Dumbarton Oaks Conference 1944 Yalta Conference 1945 and the San Francisco Conference in 1945 remember that year easily just think of 1941 when the war bega The London Declaration and Atlantic Charter in 1941 followed by the United Nations Declaration in 1942 and then the Moscow Declaration in 1943 The Tehran Declaration of 1943 was followed by the Dumbarton Oaks Conference in 1944 then the Yalta Conference in 1945 and finally the San Francisco Conference in 1945 2 42 me 1 43 me244 me 145 me 2 e tariqa bataya let's go over the details first is the London Declaration issued in June 1941 also known as the Declaration of St James Palace ey also said by June 1941 London had become the home of nine exiled governments up until June 1941 it had been ongoing World War 2 then what happened was that all nine exiled governments the allied governments were based in London Sharnati bankar was still in session the representative of the exiled government gathered at James Palace in London and all those representatives of the exiled government who were present assemble at Hua James Palace in London and together signed a declaration on 12 June 1941 in which they expressed their determination to end the war in Europe They jointly signed a declaration on 12 June 1941 expressing their determination to end the war Let us now adopt a resolution to end this war currently taking place in Europe and let us establish an international We establish an international organization for peace one that can lead to peace and security across the entire world this declaration was made known as the London Declaration 1941 This was the first event the second being the Atlantic Charter when in August 1941 the American President Roosevelt and the British Prime Minister Winston Churchill held a meeting somewhere at sea I must say aboard a ship in the Atlantic Ocean Joe my President America's President Franklin D Roosevelt and Britain's Prime Minister Winston Churchill those men in August 1941 the Atlantic Ocean where the two ships first met and there they held a meeting let me explain that the Atlantic Charter was not a treaty balki yeh ek affirmation that I will tell you in the coming next point so basically mai yeh bata rahi thi ki Atlantic Charter What happened was that President Roosevelt of America and Prime Minister Churchill of Britain held a meeting a casual one which resulted in the creation of the Atlantic Charter on 14th August 1941 they signed a charter there that came into existence on 14th Augus In 1941 the Charter was merely an affirmation of certain shared principles and national policies of their respective countries upon which they founded their hope for a better future for the world I'm saying it was a charter not a treaty but rather an affirmation of certain shared principles—principles of national equality and universal peace Cooperation was based on these principles affirmed in the national policies of their respective countries and with hope they established and signed the Charter for a better future for the world we have already had two events the London Declaration and the second one the Atlantic Charter the third is our United Nations The next significant event was the United Nations Declaration signed by President Roosevelt of America Prime Minister Winston Churchill of Britain Maxim Litvinov of the Soviet Union and T V Soong of China o January 1 1942 marked another significant event—the signing of the United Nations Declaration in 1942 ake hai aur yeh bata do ki United Nations Declaration aisa nahi yeh organisation yahan established nahi hai You might think the United Nations name was officially established right here but no—this was merely the name given to the declaration That was precisely why this declaration was so significant—it was a momentous event especially because it was the first time President Roosevelt used these words The United Nations had used these words in the declaration signed by President Roosevelt of America and Britain Prime Minister Winston Churchill Soviet Union's Maxim Litvinov and China's T V Soong met on January 1 1942 to sign the Declaration by United Nations Essentially it was an alliance of 26 countries which is why it came to be known as the United Nations this is now our third event United Nations Declaration all members signed it together and this is significant because it was the first time President Roosevelt endorsed the United Nations he suggested the fourth our event is the Moscow Declaration which took place in 1943 the Moscow Declaration happened on October 30 1943 the Foreign Minister of Great Britain the United States and Russia convened in Moscow and signed a declaration known as the Moscow Declaration this declaration did not include any mention of The Prime Minister wasn't available nor was the President instead the Foreign Ministers of Great Britain the US and the USSR—meaning Russia —gathered in Moscow where they met in Moscow Moscow Declaration signed the declaration was important as it stressed the need for an international organization based on the principles of sovereign equality of all peace-loving states and maintenance of international peace and security peace and security a declaration that was very important because it somehow emphasized the need for the necessity of an international organization based on the principles e sovereign equality of all peace-loving states however many peace-loving states there may be they have all attained sovereign equality and have achieved the maintenance of international peace and security so this was Moscow Declaration 1943 that was the fourth event now the fifth event was the Tehran Declaration which was also held in 1943 so on December 1st 1943 Roosevelt Roosevelt President of America Winston Churchill Prime Minister of Britain and Stalin signed a declaration at the Tehran Conference within 1943 which emphasized the urgent need for the establishment of an international organization capable of maintaining international peace and security and of banishing the terror of war for many Generations require capable organizations to achieve and maintain international peace and security and to advance further into the future fear within people regarding war and the impact that World War I and World War II have had It should be the responsibility of such an international organization to completely eradicate and eliminate this threat for many generations to come It had urged the establishment as stated in the Tehran Declaration the next step being the Dumbarton Oaks Conference which took place in 1944 Dumbarton Oaks is a location in Washington D C United States it was a very very important conference event that aimed to prepare the blueprint of the principles laid out in the Atlantic Charter the Moscow and Tehran Declarations all those who signed the declaration as of now Tehran Declaration and Atlantic Charter brought us together for the purpose of finalizing representatives of Great Britain the USSR China and the United States convened at Dumbarton Oaks from Washington DC to in Sab Ke their representative met at Dumbarton Oaks according to the Dumbarton Oaks proposal the organization to be established would be known as the United Nations it was finalized that the name of the organization to be established will be United Nations and it shall have four principal bodies Inside it there will be four principal organs namely the major bodies: the General Assembly the Security Council the ICJ which is the International Court of Justice and the Secretariat—the essence The plan was that the responsibility for preventing future wars entrusted to the Security Council was essentially aimed at ensuring that this responsibility would rest with the organs of this organization Future me no war should exist and any situation in the future that could lead to war must be prevented—whatever responsibility lies in this will be taken up by the future me Security Council one of the principal organs of the UN however the method of voting in the Security Council was left open for future discussion as these matters cover almost everything It was established within the organization the plan had been finalized but one thing remained which was the Security Council's voting procedure If there had been a voting system in place then we would have discussed this matter at the next event namely the Yalta Conference so let's move on to that—the Yalta Conference of 1945 where the question of the voting procedure in the Security Council was addressed with Churchill Roosevelt and Stalin along with their foreign ministers ministers and chief of staff met to discuss whether the Security Council should be restructured a question that had arisen at the Yalta Conference where it had been dealt with ook place and there Churchill Roosevelt and Stalin met in person along with their foreign ministers and chiefs of staff at the Yalta Conference and it was announced that three governments had agreed to convene a United Nations conference to be held in San Francisco The issue that had been dealt with had finally been resolved and then it was decided by the government that three would be the number for the conference They are organizing they are organizing we will meet at San Francisco at the UN we will meet at the UN in San Francisco on April 25 1945 o prepare the charter the final charter of the United Nations organization was prepared which involved this then the last one that occurred was mine The event was the San Francisco Conference a very important gathering as it was there that the UN Charter was drafted and signed and everything came to pass e San Francisco conference officially known as the United Nations Conference on International Organization was officially designated as the United Nations Conference on International Organization and consisted of delegates of 50 nations 50 nation delegates including those from the United States met on April 25 1945 much like the Yalta Conference It had been decided that they would all meet on April 25 1945 to discuss the proposals made at the Dumbarton Oaks and Yalta conferences Dumbarton Oaks Conference and Yalta Conference to finalize discussions on whatever proposals emerged the Charter was signed by 51 states on 15 October 1945 finally coming into force on 24 October 1945 the Charter was adopted by 51 states He signed it ratified it let me tell you that when all nations came together on the 25th of April there were 50 of them Only Poland besides the US had participated in the election which had already taken place in the country But no proper government was able to take shape there and no government was established at all That's why she couldn't attend the San Francisco conference so later when the charter was established the Poland was also included when the government came to power there which is why 51 states signed it October 15 1945 there was one more confusion among the people because in some places another I had seen different tutorials there It has been said that there were originally 49 nations and after including Poland that number became 50 states but I've seen numerous instances where references to articles and books have been made and following this the majority number cited is the same indicating that initially there were 50 the total number of nations who signed the charter including Poland was 51 and the UN did not come into existence at the time of signing charter see how these people met on 25th April 1945 that's when the charter was signed October 15 1945 but even then the UN Charter had not yet come into effect as the United Nations organization did not come into existence until October 24 1945 existence came into being upon the ratification of the charter by 29 signatories when the 29 signatories had ratified the charter thereby bringing it into force Our UN Charter finally arrived on 24th October 1945 marking the establishment of the United Nations organization—these are all the significant events that have taken place And with this we conclude this section In the next video we'll be studying what aims and objectives the United Nations has and what principles it upholds What are the purposes Well stay tuned to the channel for that— if you haven’t already subscribed I always say it and I’m saying it again here: please subscribe to the channel everyone also click the bell icon so you can receive notifications for all upcoming videos—don’t forget to like and leave a comment if you have any questions and if you'd like to say anything else about the same video or want to share it with your classmates colleagues friends—do so with anyone you can because we're coming with videos on key legal topics complete with proper notes that include case laws In which case laws and other details are explained so that's it for now—I'll see you shortly with the next video featuring new content Until then stay tuned Keep watching Law Beta take care Bye bye