東ゴート王国の滅亡　イタリア史開幕！

The title is Mujou, the King of the World History of Destruction. Destruction, sad, very sad. This time, I'll talk about the destruction of the East Goat Kingdom. Currently in 2023, in the World History textbook, the construction of the East Goat Kingdom is said to be 493 years old. The East Goat Kingdom is literally a country built by the East Goat tribe. East Goat tribe? It's a so-called Germanic people. It's used as if it were natural, but what is the Germanic people? No one can answer that question. Because there is no clear definition of what the Germanic people are or what they are. But do you use the word Germanic people calmly? The word Germanic people is believed to have been used since 500 BC. The Germanic people were called Germania from the coast of the Baltic Sea. It can be seen that they had a large force over the North King. Probably the people of ancient Rome called themselves Germanic people by combining their areas and northern tribes. But it's different from the Garian people. The difference between the Garian people and the Germanic people is one of the major themes in world history. This also includes a fairly delicate problem of the difference between the French and the Germans, the difference between the English and the Irish. The problems around that include problems from more than 2000 years ago. The past and the present are one and the same. The Germanic people is a very rough concept. If you look at it from Rome, the Germanic people were a group, but if you look at it from the people of the island, the Germanic people, whether they met or not, is dubious. Was the identity somewhere else? The people called the Germanic people, such as the Franks, the Goths, the Ambrosians, and the Saxons, were made up of many ethnic groups. I guess that's right, but something's wrong. The Goths came from the north or the east. The origin of the Goths is said to be in the Scandinavian peninsula, and it is said that they originally lived on the coast of the Black Sea. But it seems certain that they were attacked by the French in the second half of the 4th century. Was the French a Kiba people of the Mongolian family? That kind of theory is powerful. The king of the French, Attila, followed the surrounding Shobu people with his overwhelming power. This kind of custom can also be seen in the Mongolian Kiba people, such as Kyoto and the Mongol Empire. For more information, please see the Desperation of Kyoto. Among the people who obeyed King Attila, there were also the Eastern Goths. The French alliance led by King Attila crossed the Rhine and advanced to Gallia, which is now France. It triggered the Battle of Catalaunum between the Western Roman Alliance. It's a threat from the east. At this time, the Western Goths are participating in the Roman Alliance. Even in the same Goths, there were those who obeyed the French and those who sided with the Romans. About the Goths until the Battle of Catalaunum, I don't know for sure. The Goths have been divided since before the Battle of Catalaunum, and at this point the Western Kingdom was founded. It's the order in which the Eastern Kingdom is founded after the Western Kingdom is founded. When the Battle of Catalaunum took place, the king of the Eastern Goths was named Tudimir. And the son of this person will establish the Eastern Goth Kingdom. It seems that there is a complicated history there. The result of the Battle of Catalaunum ended in the victory of the Roman Alliance. However, the French did not lose their power, but King Attila invaded Rome and terrified the Roman citizens. For more information, please see King Attila. In 453, King Attila, who had gathered the French Alliance, died. When Charisma died, the French forces shrank at once, and it seems that the Eastern Goths led by Tudimir also withdrew from the French Alliance. When Charisma dies, the power is reduced at once, which is also a feature of the Mongolian Khiva nation. It seems that Tudimir later joined the Eastern Roman Empire. Theodoric, the son, was sent as a hostage to Constantinople, the capital of the Eastern Roman Empire. And this Theodoric is the one who establishes the Eastern Goth Kingdom. Eastern Goth Kingdom I'm sure you dominated the Italian peninsula? In the background that Theodoric, who was in Constantinople, was able to establish a kingdom in Italy, the complex situation of the Roman Empire was involved. At this time, the Roman Empire was already divided into the East and the West, but the Eastern Roman Empire followed the Western Roman Empire. The Roman Empire had repeated division and unification many times. In 476, the emperor of the Western Roman Empire was converted to the Eastern Roman Emperor. Historically, this event is said to be the destruction of the Western Roman Empire. For more information, please see the destruction of the Western Roman Empire. It was in a sense natural for the Eastern Roman Empire to try to rule the Western Roman Empire. But the Eastern Roman Empire could not rule the territory of the Western Roman Empire? That's what it means. And that's why the arrow of Shirahana stood was Theodoric. Immediately after the destruction of the Western Roman Empire, the Eastern Roman Emperor Zenon gave Theodoric the title of Patricius. Patricius? If you translate it as it is, it becomes a nobleman. In addition to this title, Theodoric has been appointed consul, and has become the military commander of the Eastern Roman Empire. Consul is the highest rank in the Eastern Roman Empire, isn't it? It is said to be a low-ranking Roman, but before that it was an Eastern Roman. Although the role was greatly reduced, there were also concubines. But did you make the German people a military commander? It was not unusual in the history of the Roman Empire at this time. The Roman Empire relied on the German people for military power. And Theodoric's role as a military commander was to subdue Odoacer. Was Odoacer the person who destroyed the Western Roman Empire? German mercenary commander who destroyed the Western Roman Empire in 476. The textbook explains Odoacer as such. You were hired as a mercenary in Western Rome as well. August 489 AD, the battle of Isontium took place in the northeast of the Italian peninsula. And Theodoric will win over Odoacer. Is it that in this case East Rome won? It would be so in the interpretation that the Eastern Roman Empire was born in 493. The next month of the battle of Isontium, the Western Roman army again clashed with Verona. The result was the victory of Theodoric again. Theodoric is strong. Odoacer, who was defeated in the second battle, was driven into Ravenna. And in 490, the Ravenna siege by Theodoric begins. Odoacer looks pretty tough at the time of siege. As a result of the encirclement over three years, Theodoric succeeded in the capture of Ravenna. And it is said that the Eastern Roman Empire was born in 493. In other words, it means that Theodoric did not hand over the dominion of Italy to the Eastern Roman Empire. This area is quite complicated. Roman emperor Zenon, who dispatched Theodoric to Italy, died in 491. And Anastasius I, who became the new Eastern Roman Emperor, is said to have given Theodoric the title of Western Roman Emperor. What is the Western Roman Emperor? Specifically, it was Augustus. Isn't that the title of the Roman Emperor? The opinion is widely divided on whether to interpret this point. And Theodoric also uses the title of Rex, which is often translated as King of Italy in Japan. Rex, it was the king of Tengu from me. It's a title that has not been used since the Western Roman Empire. Is it correct to translate this king as the king of Italy, or is it correct to translate it as the king of the east? Or there is also a story that Theodoric used the title of Rex Italia. It's clearly the king of Italy. It was the same in the later Frankish Kingdom, but in the Germanic nation, the king and the emperor may be parallel. It's something that can not be thought of in the Chinese civilization. In the Western sense of the emperor, because it is the title of the only absolute that does not exist in line with others. The king is clearly distinguished from the king. The king is twice as clear as the emperor. Theodoric was not independent from the Eastern Roman Empire at this point. It would be natural to say that the title of Augustus was not given to the emperor, but was entrusted with the control of the west. Anyway, Theodoric directly dominated the Italian peninsula. And it can be said that the Eastern Roman Empire indirectly dominated the Italian peninsula through Theodoric. But I'm independent from the Eastern Roman Empire at the timing of somewhere. The Eastern Roman Empire and the Eastern Roman Empire will become a clear confrontation from time to time. And the trigger was the suppression of the Arius faction by the Eastern Roman Empire. I mean it's a religious problem. By the Nicaea Conference, which was held in 325, the Athanasius faction, who is said to be the god of Jesus, is said to be true, and the Arius faction, who is said to be the person of Jesus, is said to be false. Arius, who became false in the legend, is said to have gone to Germania and became false to the Germans. For that reason, the Eastern Gothic faction believed in the Arius faction. If you look at it from the Eastern Roman Empire, the Eastern Gothic faction is a group of falsehood. The trigger for the suppression of the Arius faction was that the Eastern Roman Emperor Anastasius I died in 518. Justine I became the Eastern Roman Emperor in a new way, but this person began the persecution of the Arius faction in 523. It's common for the top to change and the country's policy to change. Justine I further deepened her relationship with the Roman Empire. The Roman Empire and the Eastern Roman Emperor have a bad relationship, though. The problem with this is the Theodoric and the Eastern Gothic. In the end, Theodoric could not abandon the faith. And the Eastern Roman Empire and the Eastern Gothic Kingdom will be in conflict. The reason why the German nationals could not rule well is around here. The only one who succeeded in ruling was the Franks, led by Clovis, who recovered the Arius faction from the Anastasius faction. It should be noted that Theodoric is married to Aude Freda, the sister of Clovis, the king of the Franks. The German nationals actively tied the marriage relationship. Theodoric also developed an aggressive marriage policy with the German commoners other than the Franks. He married his daughter, Theodoric, to the Western Gothic, Alaric II, and married his sister, Amala Freda, to Vandal King Trasamunt. It is the custom of the German nationals to actively tie the marriage relationship with the kings of other countries. You can see the prototype of medieval Europe around here. And this kind of movement is said to have been a threat from the Eastern Roman Empire. The power of the German nationals is increasing more and more. While implementing the marriage policy, Theodoric actively intervened in the affairs of other countries. When the Western Gothic king Alaric II died, his son Gessaric became king. Theodoric intervened in this situation and exiled Gessaric to make his grandson Amalaric the king of the Western Gothic. Theodoric's daughter married the Western Gothic king Alaric II. Amalaric was still young, and Theodoric, the king of the Eastern Gothic, was appointed to the throne of the Western Gothic. As an Eastern Roman, I would like to prevent Theodoric from expanding his power any further. It should be noted that Theodoric was an Arius Christian, but he did not abuse Athanasius. Therefore, the relationship with the Latin people, also known as the former Roman emperors, was not bad. But the Roman emperors are not like that? It seems that the relationship between the Roman emperors and Theodoric was not bad until Justinian I became the emperor of Eastern Rome. Theodoric worked on the reconstruction of the Italian peninsula, including Rome. As a result, it was said that it was okay to drop a wallet with gold in Nohara, and Chian recovered. He was strong in battle and excellent as a healer. Theodoric the Great Theodoric is called that in English. Is it since Alexander that he is called the Great King? In Rome, there was no king except for Goetia. In 523, the Roman pope Hormisdas, who was an admirer of Theodoric, died. Johannes I, who became the pope of Rome, is known as the pope of Rome who visited Constantinople for the first time. Did the pope of Rome visit Tate himself? It is said that Theodoric was dispatched as an envoy. The pope of Rome is an envoy? Was Theodoric's power that strong? Or was the power of the pope of Rome at this time not that strong? I don't know that, but Theodoric's aim was to stop Justinian I, the emperor of Eastern Rome, from suppressing Arius. I don't think the emperor of Rome would change his policy because the pope of Rome asked him to. In fact, Justinian I did not change his policy. Johannes I, who returned to Rome empty-handed, is said to have been imprisoned by the furious Theodoric. The king of the Germans imprisoned the pope of Rome? It is said that it was an imprisonment for the crime of colluding with the emperor of Rome, Justinian I. And in May 526 AD, the pope of Rome, Johannes I, died in prison. Then on August 30, the same year, King Theodoric of Eastern Goetia died. Because there was no boy in Theodoric, the only real Atalaric, the son of Amarasunta, became the king of Eastern Goetia. The king of Western Goetia also became the grandson of Theodoric, along with the king of Eastern Goetia. Apparently, a treaty was signed between the Kingdom of Eastern Goetia and the Kingdom of Western Goetia. As a result, Provence became the Kingdom of Eastern Goetia, and the border between the two countries was determined. The territory of the Kingdom of Eastern Goetia extended as far as southern France. Because Atalaric, who was imprisoned, was not a child, Amarasunta, the daughter of Theodoric, became the crown prince of the Kingdom of Eastern Goetia. But there was someone who opposed this. That is Theodahad. Who the hell is he? He is the son of Theodoric's sister Amarafrida, and he is the son of Theodoric. In other words, he is a royal family. This Theodahad became the center and formed the Anti-Crusader Amarasunta faction. It is a scene that is often seen in various regions. The confrontation between the two forces has finally developed into a killing battle. Crusader Amarasunta kills the anti-Crusader Prynne Shogun on the eve of the invasion of the Kingdom of France. I have a feeling of mud. Amarasunta eliminated the Anti-Amarasunta faction as if it were an experiment, In 534 AD, something unexpected happens to her. What is the unexpected? The Eastern Goetia Atalaric is dead. In that case, there seems to be a conflict around the new seat of the Eastern Goetia. Amarasunta became the queen of the Kingdom of Eastern Goetia with the approval of the Eastern Roman Emperor. And on the other hand, in order to suppress the opposing forces in the country, he appointed Theodahad as a co-ruler. That's why you're trying to dismantle the center of the opposition. However, there were only co-rulers and traps, and there was no experiment on Theodahad. There, Theodahad comes to the fore. He caused a rebellion against Amarasunta and imprisoned him in the Martana Island floating in the Bolsena Lake. That's why it's an island flood. And Amarasunta will be killed, but this will lead to the destruction of Theodahad and the Eastern Goetia. Amarasunta's death has become an excuse for the Eastern Roman Empire to intervene. Is the Eastern Roman Empire finally attacking? The Eastern Roman Emperor Justinian I, who began the suppression of the Arius faction, died in 527. And his successor, Justinian, became the new emperor of the Eastern Roman Empire. It's a famous Roman emperor in the Roman Empire. It is Justinian I, known for his numerous cultural policies, but he is also famous as a conqueror. At this time, the Eastern Roman Empire was also in turmoil. The Eastern Roman Empire and the Eastern Goetia were also in turmoil inside. In 532, shortly after Justinian's death, a second rebellion took place in Constantinople. There were many participants in this rebellion, but it was suppressed by a general with overwhelming power. A general with overwhelming power? His name is Berisarius. It is a commander with a strength that can be counted in the history of mankind. Is it that strong? The military achievements of Justinian I are not an exaggeration to say that most of them were due to this Berisarius. In 533, Justinian dispatched Berisarius to the Germanic nation of Vandal Kingdom in North Africa. The Eastern Goetia also had a meteorological relationship with this Vandal Kingdom. There was a meteorological relationship with the Germanic kingdom. In the days of Theodoric, Vandal King Trasmund married Amalafriida, the sister of Theodoric. Trasmund died in 523, and after that, his cousin Hilderic became king. And this Hilderic killed Amalafriida, the sister of Theodoric. This is why there was a typhoon here. As a result of this event, the Eastern Goetia and the Vandal Kingdom fell apart. On top of that, Gerimer, who was on top of Trasmund, rebelled against King Hilderic. Hilderic was defeated and imprisoned, but this Hilderic drew the blood of the Roman Empire. And Justinian, who aimed to restore the ancient Roman Empire, effectively dispatched Berisarius. You have an endless ambition to restore ancient Rome. The strength of Berisarius was overwhelming. The Vandal Kingdom could not resist the genius of this military, and it was destroyed in just one year from the start of the invasion. Isn't it too early to be destroyed? Well, it's Berisarius, but this time he will invade the Italian peninsula. You're fighting the Eastern Goetia Kingdom. Amalasunta, known as the Heavenly Queen, is said to have been a New Eastern Roman Empire. It is said that Atalaric, the son, was also educated in a Roman style, but many Goetian emperors rebelled against it. It's similar to the situation in which the Vandals rebelled against the Vandals. The Vandals had to be Vandals to dominate the overwhelming majority of the people, but the Eastern Goetia also had to be Romanized to dominate the overwhelming majority of the Latins. However, among the Eastern Goetia, a Germanic people, there were many who rebelled against the Romanization. And those who said that were forming the Anti-Amalasunta faction. When Amalasunta was in power, the Eastern Goetia Kingdom allowed the use of the port of Sicily against the Eastern Roman Empire. And Berisarius landed on Sicily. The inhabitants of the Eastern Goetia were also effective against the Eastern Roman Empire, and Berisarius also dominated the Eastern Goetia. That's why the Roman Empire came back to Sicily. Parermo, the central city of Sicily, resisted the Goetia, but fell in December 535. Berisarius dominated the Eastern Goetia for just about half a year after landing on the Eastern Goetia. The Eastern Goetia in just half a year. On the other hand, Eustenianus dispatched a separate corps through Dalmatia to the Italian peninsula. It means that he attacked Italy from both north and south. In this situation, Theodohad sent an envoy to Eustenianus for peace. But the situation changed right after this. In Dalmatia, the Eastern Goetia army and the Roman Empire army clashed, and the Roman army withdrew. The Eastern Goetia succeeded in the defeat of the Roman northern army. Theodohad, who was careful about that, imprisoned the envoy who was dispatched from the Roman Empire. But I wonder if Berisarius will come from the south? In 356, Berisarius crossed into Italy and surrounded Neapolis in November. Neapolis is now Napoli. After three weeks of encirclement, Napoli fell, and the Roman Empire army carried out a large-scale raid on Neapolis. At this stage, the Eastern Goetia was completely confused, and Theodohad was killed. And again Witegis becomes the Eastern Roman King. Where the hell did the Witegis come from? Witegis was the daughter of Amarasunta, who was the queen of the Eastern Goetia, and also the husband of Sunta. And it is seen that it was this person who killed Theodohad. But at this point, the Eastern Goetia is in a pretty critical situation, isn't it? At this point, Berisarius was conquering Rome. However, Witegis rebuilt his army and, on the contrary, surrounded Rome. The exact number of soldiers is unknown, but it seems that Witegis's army was overwhelmingly large. The Roman Empire was able to dominate Rome after a long time. The encirclement of Rome lasted about a year. However, in April 537, reinforcements from Constantinople arrived. This reinforcement came from about 1600 people, and it was composed of Huns and Slavs. I can see what the Eastern Roman Empire was like at that time. In November, another 5,000 soldiers arrived. The Eastern Roman Empire subdued the first city of Italy, and further blocked the sea transport route of the Eastern Goetia. I feel like I've already loaded this. Witegis was forced to retreat to Ravenna, but the Eastern Goetia did not stop resisting, and soon reinforcements from the Frankish Empire came. It's starting to feel like the Roman Empire vs. German Union. However, the Frankish army is infested with infectious diseases, and it seems to have been forced to retreat. On the other hand, the Roman Empire was facing a big problem at this time. Big problem? There was a battle with the Persian Empire, the third largest empire in the east. So Emperor Justinian of Rome tried to end this Goetia war. For this purpose, he proposed the division of Italy, and said that the south was like the Roman Empire and the north was like the Goetia. What about the Eastern Goetia? The Eastern Goetia gladly accepted this condition, but Belisarius refused to sign this agreement. This seems to have been Belisarius's own doing. Belisarius ignored the order of the Roman emperor? It seems so. It is not known whether this led to the tragedy of Belisarius later, but Belisarius entered Ravenna in May 540. Vitebius was sent to Constantinople, and he was sent a comfortable journey by the nobles. The Eastern Goetia lost. On the other hand, the Goetians, who became prisoners, were sent to the eastern front. It should be noted that Belisarius was denied the honor of victory. I wish I had ignored the emperor's order. Now, the destruction of the Eastern Goetia is said to be 555 years. It will be about 15 years from this point on. After Vitebius surrendered to the Roman Empire, a person named Ildibald became the Eastern Goetia. It seems that this person was the son of King Teutis of the Western Goetia. The Western Goetia was still alive. But Ildibald died the year after his death. The cause of death is not always clear, but it seems that he was killed by the Gepid. Gepid? It seems to be one of the Germanic tribes. After that, a person named Eraric of the Lugia tribe was chosen as the Eastern Goetia, but it seems that the Goetians were not convinced by this battle. It seems that the Lugia tribe is also one of the Germanic tribes. There are quite a few ethnic groups in the Germanic tribes. Eraric tried to form an alliance with the Roman Empire, but the Goetians opposed this and made the person named Teutis the king. Teutis is said to be the son of Ildibald. The king became two. In the end, Eraric was killed by Teutis' supporters. Teutis managed to restore the force in the north of the Po River. You were able to recover the force well in this state. It seems that it was great that the Roman Empire was competing with the Persian Empire. The Eastern Goetia, which restored the force, succeeded in recapturing Rome. The Roman Empire will lose Rome again. However, with the coming of Berisarius again, the Roman Empire again succeeded in occupying Rome. But in 548, Berisarius will be dismissed. Then the Eastern Goetia will attack Rome again and succeed in capturing it. The people who lived in Rome at this time must have had a hard time. But Justinian did not give up on Rome. The Eastern Roman Empire invaded the Italian peninsula with a corps that commanded Narses. Was Narses a strong man? It seems that Narses was a Kagan. There were Kagans outside of China. In July 552, the Battle of Taginae broke out. The victor was the Eastern Roman Empire led by Narses. Narses is strong. In this battle, the king of the Eastern Goetia, Totila, died. After that, the remnants of the Eastern Goetia tried to rebel against the Roman Empire. Organizational rebellion also became a matter of course, and the Eastern Goetia disappeared. The Italian peninsula became the Roman Empire again. It's the revival of the Roman Empire. Considering the largest peninsula in the time of Justinian, it may not be an exaggeration to say so. But after the death of Justinian, the Roman Empire lost Italy again. And let's talk about it next time. Please subscribe to the channel and wait for it.