Russian cities and military facilities under massive Storm Shadow missile strike: country is shaken
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Ukraine has received approval from Britain and France to launch domestic production of Storm Shadow/SCALP long-range cruise missiles.
RBC-Ukraine spoke with representatives of Ukraine's defense industry about how long it could take to launch such production and whether the Ukrainian defense sector is ready for the project. Storm Shadow is a subsonic missile with a turbofan engine, composite body, and imaging-infrared seeker, while air-defense missiles such as PAC-3 are high-speed interceptors with solid-fuel motors, heat-resistant alloys, and radar-guided seekers.
Ukraine already has relevant technological experience through the Neptune missile program, developed by Luch Design Bureau with engines from Motor Sich, as well as Fire Point's experience with tungsten-based kinetic elements. Ukrainian Council of Arms Manufacturers believes the country's defense industry has sufficient capabilities for large-component assembly of missiles using ready-made functional modules.
Estimates for launching large-component assembly range from 6–12 months, according to the Council of Arms Manufacturers and Anatolii Khrapchynskyi, to more than a year, according to Serhiy Goncharov. Full localization could take up to five years.
In July, Ukraine's potential production of missiles for Patriot air-defense systems was also discussed. Aviation expert and defense-industry development director Anatolii Khrapchynskyi said assembling Storm Shadow presents a different engineering challenge from localizing interceptors such as PAC-2 or PAC-3.
According to him, Storm Shadow is a subsonic cruise missile, while PAC-3 is a high-speed interceptors. The propulsion systems are also different. Storm Shadow uses a conventional turbofan engine, while PAC-3 uses a solid-fuel motor, which requires a completely different manufacturing approach. The materials and design also differ. Storm Shadow uses composite materials and a complex wing designed for subsonic flight, while an air-defense missile requires a high-strength, heat-resistant alloy capable of withstanding extreme loads during rapid changes in direction while intercepting a target.
The guidance systems are different as well. Storm Shadow uses an imaging-infrared seeker combined with terrain matching and GPS — an approach already implemented in Ukraine's Neptune missiles. Air-defense missiles, meanwhile, use active radar seekers operating in the millimeter-wave range. The Ukrainian Council of Arms Manufacturers believes Ukraine's defense industry has sufficient capabilities to master the assembly of missiles in this class, although much will depend on the specific cooperation model, contract terms, technology transfer and production specifications. If the project involves large-component assembly of Storm Shadow/SCALP using ready-made functional modules — including the warhead, engine, electronics and other components — Ukrainian companies have the necessary production and personnel capabilities, according to the council.
Khrapchynskyi noted that Ukraine already produces Neptune missiles, calling this an advantage. The country has Luch Design Bureau as well as Motor Sich, which manufactures engines. NAUDI CEO Serhiy Goncharov noted that some key missile components would continue to be manufactured by foreign suppliers. These could include the engine, most likely from French company Safran, as well as components from MBDA, Leonardo, Thales and US companies. Therefore, Goncharov said, the key question is how much of the production can actually be localized. He described simply assembling a missile from ready-made components as essentially "screwdriver assembly."
According to Goncharov, Ukraine's private defense manufacturers are already comparable to modern European facilities. However, all potential companies involved in the project would have to undergo technical audits to assess their production capabilities and readiness to meet partners' requirements. A makeshift facility would not be sufficient. Goncharov called the technology-transfer initiative "excellent" and said he hoped it would actually be implemented rather than remain another declaration.
For Ukraine, he said, the main value lies not so much in assembling the missile itself as in gaining access to technologies for guidance, as well as reducing the missile's infrared and radar signature.
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