Unsere Ohren: Hören, Anatomie und Verletzungen! Die erstaunlichen Aspekte des menschlichen Gehörs

Have you ever wondered how your ears perceive and interpret the world of sound? Our ears are marvels of technology, but hardly anyone really knows how they actually work. And they are always treated in some way. All this and a few amazing facts about the human ear today for you. Can you hear me well? Do you hear what I say? That's great. Then you can still rely on your ears. We are now embarking on a journey into the fascinating world of the human ear. In this video, we explore the complicated structure and the remarkable abilities of these two ears. And one thing is also a fact. If we hear worse, something like a hearing aid, is really something that most people I know have been waiting for a long time. You are still looked at in a strange way. Wearing glasses, on the other hand, is completely normal. But of course it is important that we can hear. Because if you hear badly, you know yourself, you somehow take less and less part in social life. But what is the video about now? Let's start with the construction and then go to the conversion of vibrations into meaningful signals through the inner ear and look behind the mechanisms that make the sounds around us into meaningful sounds. Unlock the secrets with us now and discover the wonders of the human ear. I can only say it is really fascinating. Hello, my name is Dr. Tobias Waigel. With my YouTube channel, I would like to make a contribution. To clarify medically understandable and correct about diseases. But also about the miracle of man, about us. A journey into the I, as we do it now with this video. And if you don't want to miss anything, feel free to subscribe to my channel now. Hearing is a really remarkable ability of our ear, of the human ear. In addition to perceiving the sound, interpreting also belongs to the actual hearing. Through the complex mechanisms of the outside, the middle and the inner ear, we can capture and process sound waves and convert them into meaningful acoustic information in the brain. Our hearing allows us to communicate without problems, to enjoy music, to experience the sounds of nature and of course to do all the everyday activities that are dependent on spoken language. Interestingly, most people are afraid of going blind, becoming deaf and not being able to hear anymore. This is often not so bad compared to being blind. But really, we lose a lot if we can't hear properly anymore. And we realize that only later, when we get older and are slowly affected by it. How is the ear built up? The human ear is a complex sensory organ, what happens here is really complex, which is responsible for our ability to hear and perceive sounds. It consists of three main parts, the outside ear, the middle ear and the inner ear. You may have heard that before, such as middle ear inflammation, for example. The outside ear collects the sound waves and passes them on through the auditory canal. In the middle ear, in between, the vibrations are amplified and transmitted to the inner ear via the eardrum, which you probably know, and also tiny bones, the auditory cartilages. And in the inner ear, there is the so-called auditory canal, which converts sound vibrations into electrical signals, which are then transmitted to the brain and interpreted there, so that we ultimately have a lot of hearing experiences. So it's pretty complex what's going on there. Let's take a closer look at that now. So, before we continue with that, one thing on its own. For those who don't know yet, my advisors on the topic of nutrition, micronutrients, macronutrients, for our body, for our immune system, for our cardiovascular system, people with a lack of nutrients, which nutrients are important for them, how should you supplement, how much should you take, what side effects are there, maybe. All of this is independent, simply based on studies and facts. So that's all in my advisors. Feel free to take a look at my shop. Here we see that the ear consists of different parts. Let's start with the visible part, the outer ear, as I just said, which includes the ear muscles and the earlobes and also the outer auditory canal. And the sound waves ultimately pass from here to the middle ear, so in a row, so to speak. And here the drum skin vibrates as a reaction to the incoming sound and transmits these vibrations to the tiny bones, which are referred to as earlobes, as I said. The middle ear is a small, air-filled cavity, which is located between the drum skin and the inner ear. And it contains these three tiny bones, which are referred to as earlobes, as I said. These are the hammer, which is also called Malleus, the anvil, which is the Incus, and the stake, the Stapes. The drum skin, a thin, skin-like structure, separates the outer ear from the middle ear and vibrates as a reaction to sound waves. The vibrations are then transmitted from the drum skin to the tiny earlobes. That is, the vibrations are transmitted. That's the sound, the vibrations, you have to imagine that. They act like a chain of levers and then amplify the sound signals. And the hammer is connected to the drum skin, while the anvil bridges the gap between the hammer and the stake. Again, these are the three earlobes. Incidentally, the stake, the smallest bone in our human body, is a super interesting question. Günther Jauch asks who will be a millionaire, I think. It is connected to the oval window of the inner ear and transmits the amplified vibrations for further processing into the cochlea. And this complicated arrangement of the middle ear plays a decisive role in the transmission of sound from the outer ear to the inner ear. And you can imagine if there are problems there, permanent middle ear inflammation, problems with the bones, etc., that this leads to hearing worse over time. The inner ear consists of the cochlea, which is responsible for hearing, and the balance system, the vestibular apparatus, which is often completely forgotten. So a lot of our balance has to do with the ear or the area of ​​the inner ear. The cochlea contains the basilar membrane, in which hair cells are located, very small hair cells, which then convert sound vibrations into electrical signals. And this is important because these signals are transmitted to the brain via the auditory nerve and allow us to interpret the sound. The vestibular system includes the cochlea and the ear-muscle organs, which help us to maintain balance. And if there are problems there, we get problems with our balance and also recognize head movements, for example. Together, these components enable our hearing and our auditory orientation ability. From the ear to the brain, how does hearing work? This is of course an interesting, complex question. The sound waves migrate through the outside and middle ear to the inner ear, where the process of sound conversion takes place, as I have just described. In the inner ear, the sound vibrations, as I said, are converted from special hair cells in the cochlea into electrical signals. This is a very important step. We don't get the vibrations into the brain, but these electrical signals. When the liquid in the cochlea vibrates, a membrane, the so-called basilar membrane, is moved, which stimulates the hair cells. And these hair cells then generate the electrical signals, which represent the specific frequencies and intensities of the incoming sound. The electrical signals generated by the hair cells are transmitted to the brain via the auditory nerve. And the auditory nerve functions as a conduit, like a highway, which directs these signals to different audio processing centers in the brain. The highway doesn't just go to one place, but to different places. And there the electrical signals are decrypted and interpreted, so that we can ultimately understand and differentiate the complex properties of sounds, such as pitch, volume, sound color. And that's really complex. The remarkable ability of our brain to process and analyze these electrical signals ultimately allows us to recognize and differentiate different sounds in our environment. To notice that the sound is more like this, or like that. Also to notice that the sound that speaks in the background may be from far away. First, our brain allows us to identify and recognize familiar sounds, including language, music, environmental sounds. In addition, the centers of the auditory processing in the brain work together with other regions, such as memory, attention, and emotions. So the auditory center works together with these other centers. Logically, they are all connected to each other and contribute to our overall hearing experience and our understanding. This complicated process, and I tried to explain it simply, of sound conversion, transmission, and interpretation in the inner ear and brain, allows us to perceive the rich, diverse world of sounds that surrounds us. If diseases interfere with this process, and you can imagine that a lot can go wrong, then there can be problems in the perception of the auditory signals. Frequent ear diseases. And here we are with the topic. The healthy maintenance of the hearing is of course indispensable for the proper maintenance of an optimal hearing function. And as complex as it is, it is also prone to errors. Loud noises can damage the sensory structures of the inner ear and lead to loss of hearing. It is important to protect our ears. In comparison to other organs, they are somehow treated criminally, I think, by using loud environments such as concerts, construction sites, meadows, or earplugs, ear protectors. Regular care and examination of the doctor can contribute to early detection of potential problems. Neck, nose, ear doctor, so to speak. So that appropriate measures or treatment strategies can be taken. Permanent middle ear inflammation increases the risk that there may be problems permanently in this middle ear. The demand for professional advice in relation to hearing aids and other aids can significantly improve the communication and quality of life of people with hearing problems and is still far too often really delayed by the affected person. As I said at the very beginning, you can go to an optician, a pair of glasses, it's kind of normal. But a 20, a 30, a 40-year-old who suddenly has a hearing aid is somehow still looked at in a strange way, although they can be pretty small by now. Many hearing problems can arise due to various factors such as age, genetic arrangement, infections, not to be underestimated, also noise pollution. Headphone hearing can arise due to problems in the outside or middle ear, for example also due to ear melt. Liquid accumulation or damage to the eardrum or the earlobe. I myself have experienced this, for example, I once flew on an airplane where I was cold. Since then I have a permanent injury to my eardrum, so to speak, here on the right. And that's why I actually hear worse on the right ear. Noise-sensitive hearing, another medical term. On the other hand, this is usually caused by a damage to these hair cells or the auditory nerve in the inner ear. Tinnitus, a ringing or buzzing in the ears, can also be a symptom of a underlying hearing problem. At this point, it is also important that tinnitus can have many different causes and most of the time it cannot be found out exactly. A thorough examination, treatment by an audiologist or HNO doctor is often the only way to better understand these hearing problems. Unfortunately, often it is also the case that you cannot permanently solve immediate hearing problems. And even aids such as hearing aids, for example, can only partially restore the old state where you were still healthy. Prevention of ear diseases. The prevention of hearing problems is therefore crucial for all of us and is also treated completely criminally so far. Limit the stress by loud noises as much as possible and wear headphones in loud environments. As uncool as it may look, always wear ear protection to reduce the risk of hearing loss due to noise. Later, when you are older, you will thank yourself. Safe hearing habits, such as a suitable loudspeaker or headphones, don't have to bang into your ears. This also protects us from excessive noise pollution. These measures preserve the ability to hear and prevent possible problems. And when you talk to HNO doctors, they tell you that more and more younger patients are coming who already have ear problems, because this permanent, loud noise on the ears takes place. So these proposed prevention measures are important because, as I said, they protect the sensitive ear structures and ultimately reduce the risk of hearing problems that we get later. Unfortunately, what we are doing good for ourselves now, we will notice later, so to speak. By limiting the noise pollution, which is really important, we prevent hearing loss due to noise. And we basically have that in our own hands. The use of ear protection creates a barrier against intense noise and protects these sensitive hair cells that I just explained. Safe hearing habits prevent you from using too much loud music or noise and thus avoid unnecessary stress. Please pay attention to this. And really, more and more young patients are introduced to hearing problems themselves. Amazing to the human ear. And now a few more interesting facts. Did you know that our ears are constantly in operation, even when we sleep? The auditory system remains active and constantly monitors our environment for sudden or important noises. In addition, our ears also have a fascinating self-cleaning mechanism. The earwax produced by the auditory canal, which is basically completely normal, catches dust, dirt, bacteria and prevents them from reaching the sensitive structures that I just explained, especially the inner ear, and causing damage there. There, this dust, bacteria on the inner ear, that damages it. And the earwax basically goes out. Over time, the earwax naturally moves out of the ear and keeps our ears clean and protected. By the way, you should never use these Q-tips for ear cleaning. Because they push the earwax back, back into the auditory canal. And that can clog up in the long run and cause problems. The earwax has to get out. Cleaning the ears externally when showering or with a slightly damp cloth, for example, is completely sufficient. Last but not least, an interesting fact about hearing ability in general. The human ear is able to distinguish an incredible range of tones. While we dogs often associate with an extraordinary hearing, humans can actually perceive tones from 20 Hz to 20,000 Hz. That's a pretty big frequency range. However, and you have to say that, our ability to hear high-frequency tones with increasing age, due to the natural aging process, the wear and tear we have there, tends to decrease more and more. So appreciate your remarkable hearing ability. If you still have them, enjoy them. With age, we automatically lose, and in addition, diseases that we have, and, as I said, often caused by very strong blowing of the ears. So please pay attention to your ears. And now comment on whether you really care for your ears or treat them a little more strictly. I would be interested to hear what you have to say. Thank you very much and stay loyal to me.