지구를 최초로 벗어난 물체는 인공위성이 아니라 맨홀뚜껑이다?

What is the fastest object that humans have ever made? Isn't it a bullet? I think it's a rocket jet. No, I think the rocket is the fastest. First of all, the fastest object that humans have ever made is the Parker Solar Probe. The Parker Solar Probe recorded 530,000 km per hour in 2021. In 2025, it will reach 692,000 km per hour. But this is the speed at which the Parker Solar Probe reached the universe through a swing by. When the probe first escaped the earth, it was much slower than this. The Parker Solar Probe's earth escape speed was 11.2 km per hour, about 40,000 km per hour. It is known to have escaped the earth faster than the Parker Solar Probe. It's NASA's Pluto probe, New Horizons. New Horizons' escape speed is 16.26 km per hour. So it was recorded as the fastest rocket that humans have ever made. But there was an object that was faster than the Parker Solar Probe and New Horizons in the earth. That's the manhole cover. What are you talking about? It goes back to the United States in the 1950s. In the past, the United States carried out the Manhattan Project, a project to develop nuclear weapons before Nazi Germany during World War II. And from the first nuclear experiment, the Trinity Experiment, which was carried out on July 16, 1945, to the Divider Nuclear Experiment, which was carried out in the basement on September 23, 1992, the United States carried out a total of 1,054 nuclear experiments. Since the Manhattan Project, the United States has carried out nuclear experiments in New Mexico Desert, Nevada Desert, Pacific Ocean Island, and the Marshall Islands. But no matter how many people there are in the desert or in the middle of the sea, in the end, when you do a nuclear experiment, the nuclear bomb explodes and the surroundings are completely destroyed. The radiation after the explosion is a bigger problem. When a nuclear weapon explodes, the objects on the surface of the earth and the dust make a mushroom cloud and go up. The radioactive substances fall from the air, fly in the wind, fly to the city next to it, and fly to a country far away. This radioactive octopus is not only for humans, but also for the environment. Also, whenever nuclear experiments are carried out, citizens who hate war oppose it, citizens who are concerned about their health protest against it, and even the international community hates it. So in 1963, the United States, the Soviet Union, and the United Kingdom signed the Limited Nuclear Experiment Prohibition Treaty, LTBT. Hey, if we continue to carry out nuclear experiments, nature will be destroyed and radiation exposure will be serious. Don't do that, and let's not do atmospheric, atmospheric, and underwater nuclear experiments in the future. Do you agree? Yes, I agree! In fact, the United States has been conducting underground nuclear experiments for a long time. On November 29, 1951, a underground nuclear experiment called UNCL was first carried out at the Nevada Lab. At the time of this experiment, the nuclear bomb was 17 feet, so it was about 5 meters away. At this time, a nuclear weapon was detonated, and the top of the mushroom cloud of the bomb was 11,500 feet. So it went up to about 3.5 kilometers in altitude. Hey, are you kidding me? I conducted an underground nuclear experiment to not harm civilians and not harm nature. What is this? 3.5km mushroom cloud? Are you kidding me? The power of the nuclear bomb was much stronger than scientists thought. In the end, scientists from the U.S. Department of Defense conducted a special operation at the Nevada Lab from May 28, 1957 to October 7, to completely seal the nuclear storm underground. It's the Plumbob Operation. The goal of the first test of the Plumbob Operation, the Pascal A test, is to suppress nuclear fallout. Scientists designed it this way to prevent nuclear energy from leaking out. First, drill a very deep hole that is about 150 meters. Then, put a nuclear weapon that is 1 meter wide on the floor. And finally, we need to block the hole. The weight of the lid to block this hole was about 900kg and the thickness was about 10cm. Put the lid on and finally weld it. Now, I've detonated a nuclear weapon in the Pascal A test. However, the power of the nuclear weapon was 50,000 times stronger than expected, and in just a few milliseconds, the 900kg lid flew away into the sky. In the end, the energy emitted by the nuclear weapon was released in the form of a column at a height of hundreds of feet. As a result, the nuclear weapon's energy was completely released into the sky, so the Pascal A experiment failed. Immediately after this experiment, Robert Brown Lee, a participant in the Pascal A test, was asked several questions from an officer. How long does it take for the impact to reach the top of the vertical gang? It's 31 milliseconds. Then what happens? Because the pressure and temperature of the nuclear weapon is so high, no matter how much the lid is welded, it will fly far away. Then how fast does the lid fly? I don't think my calculation has anything to do with this part. This is only related to the impact being reflected. So how fast does the lid fly? No, the speed at which the lid flies is meaningless. The lid will just fly into space meaninglessly. No, so how fast does it fly? The officer was obsessed with the speed at which the lid flew. In the end, Robert Brown Lee calculated the speed at which the lid flew, and the result was really amazing. No, I can't believe it. It's six times the speed of the Earth's escape. Six times the speed of the Earth's escape? It's a really amazing speed, right? At this speed, it's about four times faster than NASA's Pluto probe New Horizons. Not long after, on August 27, 1967, the Pascal B test was conducted. At this time, the experimental conditions were almost the same. But this time, they installed a super-fast camera to see how fast the lid flew. Now, the nuclear weapon explodes. As expected, the lid flew to the sky at the same time as the explosion. How fast was that? It disappeared from people's eyes in an instant. Of course, that speed can't be followed by our human eyes. Now, then, did the lid fly into the ultra-fast camera? The ultra-fast camera that was installed at the time was able to capture up to a millisecond. It was only able to capture one frame with this camera. Even though the lid was fast, it was too fast. Even with the ultra-fast camera, it was only able to capture one frame. So, the speed at which the lid flew was not accurately measured. No, you have to put it in the camera to measure the speed. What speed do you calculate with one frame? After the experiment, Robert Brownlee calculated the speed of this lid. It can be up to 200,000 kilometers per hour or more. This was a conservative calculation, so it's a little slower than the expected speed. But even this speed is five times the speed of the Earth's escape. Now, I have a question here. What happened to the lid that flew to the sky? Five or six times the speed of the Earth's escape. Didn't it fly into space? No, it's not a rocket. Didn't it fall again? Scientists are also curious about what happened to this lid. I've been looking for places where it's expected to fall to find this lid again. But this lid hasn't been found yet. Scientists make their own theories because they can't find the lid. The lid passed through the waiting area due to the compression of nuclear energy. As a result, it would have evaporated due to severe friction with the air. But Robert Brownlee has a different opinion. The lid will burn, but the escape speed is so fast. I'm sure all the lids flew into space before they burned. What do you think? The lid would have burned as it went up. The lid would have flown into space in the end. The lid fell again, but I haven't found it yet. I don't know which of the three is right. If this lid flew into space, We may have to write a new history of human progress in space. The Soviet Union fired the world's first satellite, Sputnik, on October 4, 1957. But the launch of the lid is two months faster than Sputnik. If this lid really went out into space, The first thing that went out into space was not Sputnik, but the lid. With the strongest technology of the Soviet Union, the satellite was sent to Earth. With the strongest nuclear technology, the U.S. launched the lid into space. The Soviet Union, who heard this news, The U.S. is a country that doesn't even have a useless lid. You're easy to shoot up into space. Maybe they gave up the space race. The truth about this lid has not been revealed yet. You never know. This lid may be crossing the universe and traveling at a tremendous speed. After the lid incident, It was designed very firmly so that the lid would no longer fly during the nuclear weapon test. And on September 19, 1957, The first completely sealed underground nuclear test was carried out. At this time, no nucleic acid was released while waiting. So, I found out about the lid that may have flown into space for the first time in human history. So far, it was the movie Oppenheimer. If you have any questions after watching the movie, please leave a question in the comments. So far, I've been a movie youtuber.